The following is a structural topic model analysis of abstract from academic articles on the relationship between politics and business published between 1990 and 2020. The articles were acquired through Thomson Reuters Web of Knowledge. The following keywords search was used:

AB = ( (business*, OR firm* OR corporat* OR compan* OR enterpris* OR entrepreneur*) AND (government* OR bureaucra* OR minist* OR legislat* OR judicia* OR executiv* ) .

This resulted in 75.931 hits. I have thus far extracted the 30.000 most relevant (sorted by Web of Knowledge) Not all of these hits are relevant and/or suitable to the analysis, however. The dataset needs to be cleaned before it can be used in the structural topic model.

The following libraries are required for the analysis.

rm(list=ls())

library(furrr)
library(GGally)
library(ggthemes)
library(gridExtra)
library(knitr)
library(kableExtra)
library(lubridate)
library(network)
library(readxl)
library(tidylo)
library(tidystm)
library(tidytext)
library(tidyverse)
library(scales)
library(stm)
library(tm)

load("stm_final_data.RData")

theme_set(theme_classic())

We import the data iteratively, as it is divided over 50+ excel files. The folder containing the data should not include excel files other than the Web of Science data.

# Import data ####
df <- do.call(rbind, lapply(Sys.glob("data/data_sept_2020/*.xls"), read_excel)) # make sure no other .xls files in target.
# A list of all variables.
relevant_cols <- df %>%
  janitor::clean_names() %>%
  select(abstract, publication_year) %>%
  names() 

relevant_row_nums <- df %>%
  janitor::clean_names() %>% 
  names() %>%
  as_tibble_col(column_name = "Variable") %>%
  filter(Variable != "x68") %>%
  mutate(row_num = row_number()) %>% 
  filter(Variable %in% relevant_cols) %>%
  pull(row_num)

df %>%
  janitor::clean_names() %>%
  names() %>%
  as_tibble_col(column_name = "Variable") %>%
  filter(Variable != "x68") %>%
  kbl(caption = "All variables from the data set provided by WOS.") %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F) %>%
  row_spec(relevant_row_nums, bold = T) %>%
  footnote(general = "Bold names are used in the structural topic model.",
           number = "The variable 'academic field' needs to be created.")

df %>%
  janitor::clean_names() %>%
  names() %>%
  as_tibble_col(column_name = "Variable") %>%
  filter(Variable != "x68") %>%
  htmlTable::htmlTable(n.cgroup = c(2,2),
                       rnames = F)


rm(relevant_cols, relevant_row_nums)
# keep only the necessary columns
df_clean <- df %>%
  janitor::clean_names() %>%
  select(authors, `article_title`, `source_title`, abstract,
         `publication_year`, `times_cited_all_databases`,
         `author_keywords`, `keywords_plus`, publication_date) %>%
  add_count(article_title) %>%
  filter(n == 1) %>% # remove duplicates
  select(-n)

rm(df)

A small random sample from the data.

df_clean %>%
  select(authors, `article_title`, `publication_year`, `times_cited_all_databases`,
         abstract) %>%
  drop_na() %>%
  sample_n(5) %>%
  kbl(caption = "A snapshot of the data") %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = FALSE) %>%
  footnote(general = "Rows were randomly selected.")
A snapshot of the data
authors article_title publication_year times_cited_all_databases abstract
Pammolli, F; Fu, D; Buldyrev, SV; Riccaboni, M; Matia, K; Yamasaki, K; Stanley, HE A generalized preferential attachment model for business firms growth rates I. Empirical evidence 2007 14 We introduce a model of proportional growth to explain the distribution P(g) of business firm growth rates. The model predicts that P(g) is Laplace in the central part and depicts an asymptotic power-law behavior in the tails with an exponent zeta = 3. Because of data limitations, previous studies in this field have been focusing exclusively on the Laplace shape of the body of the distribution. We test the model at different levels of aggregation in the economy, from products, to firms, to countries, and we find that the predictions are in good agreement with empirical evidence on both growth distributions and size-variance relationships.
Jimenez, A; Bjorvatn, T The building blocks of political risk research: a bibliometric co-citation analysis 2018 3 Purpose The purpose of this paper is to summarise the core literature on political risk and to suggest avenues for future research. Design/methodology/approach Applying bibliometric analysis as a starting point, this systematic review identifies the current core body of literature on political risk and uncovers the theoretical building blocks of the research field. Findings A synthesis of the key literature reveals three broad analytical foci: the sources of political risk; the effects of political risk; and actors’ (countries, industries, firms and projects) vulnerabilities, capabilities and responses to political risk. Research limitations/implications The authors propose a unifying conceptual framework for political risk research. Practical implications The paper provides managers with a tool kit to analyse political risk. Moreover, it aids policy-makers in addressing political risk in a comprehensive manner. Originality/value The paper represents the first systematic review of the political risk literature in over 30 years. By offering an integrated theoretical framework, it paves the way for new insights into an increasingly topical field.
Cai, HW; Chen, HW; Li, Y; Liu, Y External dynamic capabilities, reconfiguration of cooperation mechanism and new product development: contingent effect of technological resource base 2014 2 This study examines whether and how reconfiguration of cooperation mechanism affects new product development in emerging economies. By using a sample of 167 Chinese firms, we find that reconfiguration of cooperation mechanism can strengthen new product development of firms. Further, we find both capability to influence government and capability to influence industry as external dynamic capabilities of firms in emerging economies positively affect reconfiguration of cooperation mechanism, and technological resource base of firms can moderate the relationships between external dynamic capabilities and reconfiguration of cooperation mechanism differently.
Wang, ZH; Zeng, HL; Wei, YM; Zhang, YX Regional total factor energy efficiency: An empirical analysis of industrial sector in China 2012 175 The rapid growth of the Chinese economy has resulted in great pressure on energy consumption, especially the energy intensive sector - the industrial sector. To achieve sustainable development. China has to consider how to promote energy efficiency to meet the demand of Chinese rapid economic growth, as the energy efficiency of China is relatively low. Meanwhile, the appeal of energy saving and emission reduction has been made by the Chinese central government. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the energy efficiency of industrial sector in China and to assess efficiency development probabilities. The framework of total factor energy efficiency index is adopted to determine the discrepancy of energy efficiency in Chinese industrial sector based on the provincial statistical data of industrial enterprises above designated size in 30 provinces from 2005 to 2009, with gross industrial output as the output value and energy consumption, average remaining balance of capital assets and average amount of working force as the input values. Besides, in considerate of the regional divide of China, namely eastern, central, and western, and economic development differences in each region, energy efficiency of each region is also analysed in this paper. The results show that there is room for China to improve its energy efficiency, especially western provinces which have large amount of energy input excess. Generally speaking, insufficient technological investment and fail of reaching best scale of manufacture are two factors preventing China from energy efficiency promotion. Based on our findings, some policy implications on the improvement of energy efficiency, particularly for economically underdeveloped regions in China, are also discussed. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. 
Jun, X; Jiang, MS; Li, SL; Aulakh, PS Practice Standardization in Cross-Border Activities of Multinational Corporations: A Resource Dependence Perspective 2014 4 This study examines the relationship between power dependence and practice standardization in the context of cross-border alliances. Existing studies have typically assumed that standardization or adaptation is a unilateral decision made by multinational corporations (MNCs) but ignored the influence of the relative power of multinational and local partners under conditions of government influence. Drawing on resource dependence theory (RDT), we argue that the power imbalance between multinational and local firms may shape the standardization of practices in their established alliances. The results, based on a sample of 243 Fortune 500 US companies, indicate that when the level of government influence is high, the positive effect of MNCs’ resource importance on practice standardization diminishes and the negative effect of local firms’ alternative resources becomes stronger. These findings suggest that RDT has important implications for understanding standardization versus adaptation in cross-border alliances.
Note:
Rows were randomly selected.
# Creating boxplots and histogram of citation count.
cite_boxplot <- df_clean %>%
  ggplot(aes(times_cited_all_databases)) +
  geom_boxplot(outlier.alpha = .7) +
  coord_flip() +
  labs(x = NULL,
       y = "citations")

cite_boxplot_log <- df_clean %>%
  ggplot(aes(log(times_cited_all_databases))) +
  geom_boxplot(outlier.alpha = .7) +
  coord_flip() +
  labs(x = NULL,
       y = "log(citations)")

cite_hist <- df_clean %>%
  ggplot(aes(times_cited_all_databases)) +
  geom_histogram(color = "white") +
  labs(y = NULL,
       x = "citations")

cite_hist_log <- df_clean %>%
  ggplot(aes(log(times_cited_all_databases))) +
  geom_histogram(color = "white") +
  labs(y = NULL,
       x = "log(citations)")

grid.arrange(cite_boxplot, cite_boxplot_log,
             ncol = 2,
             top = "Boxplot comparison of citations and log(citations).",
             left = "times cited")

grid.arrange(cite_hist, cite_hist_log,
             ncol = 2,
             top = "Histogram comparison of citations and log(citations).",
             left = "Count",
             bottom = "Citation count")
rm(cite_boxplot, cite_boxplot_log, cite_hist, cite_hist_log)
# As we can see, taking the natural logarithm mitigates the skewness somewhat, but long right-tails remain. 

We now transform some variables and add others.

# creating some additional variables
df_clean <- df_clean %>%
  filter(!is.na(`publication_year`),
         !is.na(abstract),
         !is.na(publication_date)) %>%
  mutate(ID = row_number(),
         abstract_Length = str_length(abstract),
         publication_date = case_when(publication_date == "JAN" ~ 1,
                                      publication_date == "FEB" ~ 2,
                                      publication_date == "MAR" ~ 3,
                                      publication_date == "APR" ~ 4,
                                      publication_date == "MAY" ~ 5,
                                      publication_date == "JUN" ~ 6,
                                      publication_date == "JUL" ~ 7,
                                      publication_date == "AUG" ~ 8,
                                      publication_date == "SEP" ~ 9,
                                      publication_date == "OCT" ~ 10,
                                      publication_date == "NOV" ~ 11,
                                      publication_date == "DEC" ~ 12)) %>%
  filter(!is.na(publication_date)) %>%
  unite("date", publication_year, publication_date, sep = "-") %>%
  mutate(date = paste(date, "01", sep = "-"), date = as.Date(date),
         months_since_first_pub = interval(min(date), date),
         months_since_first_pub = months_since_first_pub %/% months(1) + 1) 

Next, I import the journal data from the Web of Science Master Journal List. I use the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI). Joining this dataframe on df_clean allows us to use the main field as metadata in the structural topic model. I will keep the 7 most common fields in the dataset.

df_wos <- read_csv("data/wos-core_SSCI.csv") %>%
  select(`Journal title`,`Web of Science Categories`) %>%
  rename(`source_title` = `Journal title`)

df_clean <- df_clean %>%
  left_join(distinct(df_wos)) 

df_clean <- df_clean %>%
  filter(!is.na(`Web of Science Categories`)) %>%
  mutate(field = str_remove(`Web of Science Categories`, ' [.]*[ |.].*'),
         field = str_remove(field, '[,].*'))

rm(df_wos)

df_clean %>%
  count(field, sort = T, name = "count") %>%
  top_n(7) %>%
  kbl(caption = "The 7 most common fields to research the relationship between business and politics.") %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = FALSE)
The 7 most common fields to research the relationship between business and politics.
field count
Business 2940
Economics 2249
Environmental Studies 1627
Political Science 1581
Law 1313
Management 892
Development Studies 524
fields <- df_clean %>%
  mutate(field = ifelse(field == "International Relations" | field == "Public Administration", "Political Science", field),
         field = ifelse(field == "Sociology" | field == "Anthropology" | field == "Cultural Studies", "Social Sciences", field)) %>%
  count(field, sort = T) %>%
  top_n(7) %>%
  pull(field)

Some descriptive exploration

What are the most common journals?

df_clean %>%
  count(source_title, sort = T, name = "number of publications") %>%
  head(20) %>%
  mutate(source_title = str_to_lower(source_title)) %>%
  kbl(caption = "The most common journals to publish research on the relationship between business and politics.") %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = FALSE)
The most common journals to publish research on the relationship between business and politics.
source_title number of publications
journal of business ethics 641
energy policy 357
sustainability 329
journal of business research 135
technological forecasting and social change 128
journal of comparative economics 117
research policy 115
world development 115
geoforum 113
harvard business review 113
tobacco control 105
resources policy 104
corporate governance-an international review 100
small business economics 100
public choice 97
urban studies 92
extractive industries and society-an international journal 89
journal of corporate finance 89
enterprise & society 88
journal of international business studies 78

What are the most common keywords?

df_clean %>%
  filter(!is.na(`keywords_plus`)) %>%
  separate(`keywords_plus`, sep = ";", into = "keywords") %>%
  mutate(keywords = tolower(keywords),
         keywords = str_replace_all(string = keywords, pattern = "-", replacement = " "),
         keywords = str_replace_all(string  = keywords, pattern = "([.*])", replacement = "")) %>%
  count(keywords, sort = T, name = "count") %>%
  head(20) %>%
  kbl(caption = "The most popular keywords") %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = FALSE)
The most popular keywords
keywords count
corporate social responsibility 207
corporate governance 177
foreign direct investment 167
research and development 146
united states 107
politics 88
social responsibility 82
policy 79
management 68
law 65
performance 61
political economy 61
firm performance 55
governance 53
growth 48
innovation 47
resource based view 45
business 44
climate change 43
competition 42

Exploring the most popular keywords per scientific field.

df_clean %>%
  filter(!is.na(`keywords_plus`)) %>%
  separate(`keywords_plus`, sep = ";", into = "keywords") %>%
  mutate(keywords = tolower(keywords),
         keywords = str_replace_all(keywords, "-", " ")) %>%
  group_by(field, keywords) %>%
  summarise(count = n()) %>%
  filter(count == max(count),
         count > 1) %>%
  arrange(-count) %>%
  head(25) %>%
  kbl(caption = "The most popular keywords by field.") %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = FALSE) %>%
  footnote(general = "Keywords provided by Web of Science")
The most popular keywords by field.
field keywords count
Business corporate social responsibility 99
Economics corporate governance 53
Management research and development 40
Law law 35
Environmental Studies corporate social responsibility 28
Political Science politics 22
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology corporate social responsibility 21
Sociology united states 16
Education & Educational Research higher education 12
Information Science & Library Science information systems 10
Communication media 9
Geography political economy 9
Geography politics 9
Public public health 9
Regional & Urban Planning research and development 9
Development Studies corporate social responsibility 8
Substance Abuse british american tobacco 7
Urban Studies economic development 7
Area Studies africa 6
Anthropology politics 5
Health Policy & Services health 5
Hospitality tourism 5
Public Administration government 5
Public Administration public management 5
Social Issues nonprofit organizations 5
Note:
Keywords provided by Web of Science
df_clean %>%
  filter(!is.na(`author_keywords`)) %>%
  separate(`author_keywords`, sep = ";", into = "keywords") %>%
  mutate(keywords = tolower(keywords),
         keywords = str_replace_all(keywords, "-", " ")) %>%
  group_by(field, keywords) %>%
  summarise(count = n()) %>%
  filter(count == max(count),
         count > 1) %>%
  arrange(-count) %>%
  head(25) %>%
  kbl(caption = "The most popular keywords by field.") %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = FALSE) %>%
  footnote(general = "Keywords provided by authors.")
The most popular keywords by field.
field keywords count
Business corporate governance 121
Economics privatization 38
Information Science & Library Science e government 17
Management china 17
Environmental Studies china 16
Environmental Studies climate change 16
Communication china 14
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology corporate social responsibility 11
Substance Abuse alcohol 11
Political Science interest groups 9
Area Studies china 8
Development Studies asia 8
Geography china 8
Industrial Relations & Labor collective bargaining 7
Public Administration accountability 7
Law cloud computing 6
Public australia 5
Criminology & Penology corporate crime 4
Health Policy & Services health policy 4
Regional & Urban Planning china 4
Regional & Urban Planning innovation 4
Social Sciences corporate social responsibility 4
Urban Studies entrepreneurship 4
Urban Studies urban development 4
Psychology leadership 3
Note:
Keywords provided by authors.

We now recode some entries in the field variable.

df_clean_final <- df_clean %>%
  mutate(field = ifelse(field =="International Relations" | field == "Public Administration", "Political Science", field),
         field = ifelse(field == "Communication" | field == "Sociology" | field == "Anthropology" | field == "Cultural Studies", "Social Sciences", field)) %>%
  filter(field %in% fields) %>%
  select(abstract, field, months_since_first_pub)
  
#df_clean_final <- df_clean_final %>%
#  mutate(length = str_length(abstract)) %>%
#  filter(length < 3000, 
#         length > 500) %>%
#  select(-length) # drops 305

The data set has now been reduced to 12351 articles.

world-level analysis

I will now first do some exploratory word-level analysis. This includes calculating the tf_idf and the weighted log-odds of the terms. Stop words are obviously removed prior to the calculations.

# extract the words out of the abstracts.
df_words <- df_clean_final %>%
  unnest_tokens(word, abstract) %>%
  anti_join(stop_words) %>%
  filter(!str_detect(word, "\\d"),
         !str_detect(word, "\\."),
         str_length(word) > 2,
         !word %in% c("xxx"))

custom_stopwords <- df_words %>%
  count(word, sort = T) %>%
  top_n(20) %>%
  pull(word)

# calculate tf_idf 
df_words_tf_idf <- df_words %>%
  count(word, field, sort = T) %>%
  bind_tf_idf(word, field, n) %>%
  arrange(-tf_idf) %>%
  group_by(field) %>%
  top_n(10) %>%
  ungroup()

# plot tf_idf
df_words_tf_idf %>%
  mutate(word = reorder_within(word, tf_idf, field)) %>%
  ggplot(aes(word, tf_idf, fill = field)) +
  geom_col(alpha = 0.8, show.legend = FALSE) +
  facet_wrap(~ field, scales = "free") +
  scale_x_reordered() +
  coord_flip() +
  labs(title = "TF-IDF words per Academic Field.")

# calculate log_odds
df_words_log_odds <- df_words %>%
  count(field, word) %>%
  bind_log_odds(field, word, n) %>%
  arrange(-log_odds_weighted)

# plot log_odds
df_words_log_odds %>%
  group_by(field) %>%
  slice_max(log_odds_weighted, n = 10) %>%
  mutate(word = reorder(word, log_odds_weighted)) %>%
  ungroup() %>%
  ggplot(aes(log_odds_weighted, word, fill = field)) +
  geom_col(alpha = 0.8, show.legend = F) +
  facet_wrap(~field, scales = "free") +
  scale_y_reordered() +
  labs(y = NULL,
       title = "Most propobable terms per Academic Field.") 

rm(df_words, df_words_log_odds, df_words_tf_idf)
# Before proceeding with the topic model, I include some additional graphs
# to gain a deeper understanding of the structure of the dataset.
# plot variance in citation count per field and per type. 
df_clean_final %>%
  ggplot(aes(reorder(field, times_cited_all_databases, median), times_cited_all_databases)) +
  geom_boxplot() +
  labs(y = NULL,
       x = NULL,
       title = "Boxplot of Average Citation Count per Field",
       subtitle = "With Type as subcategory."
       )

# plot histogram of publications per type. 
df_clean_final %>%
  ggplot(aes(`months_since_first_pub`)) +
  geom_histogram(color = "white", bins = 30) +
  scale_fill_economist() +
  labs(y = NULL,
       x = "Years since first publication.",
       title = "Histogram of publications on CPA.",
       subtitle = "From 1990 to Present")

# plot probability density of publications per type. 
df_clean_final %>%
  ggplot(aes(months_since_first_pub, ..density..)) +
  geom_freqpoly() +
  scale_color_wsj() +
  labs(y = NULL,
       x = NULL,
       title = "Probability density of publications on CPA.") 

Structural Topic Model

Now, I proceed with the structural topic model. The following steps are based on the stm vignette by Roberts et al. (2014).. I also apply some code written by Julia Silge which allows for helpful plots not available in the stm package.

Preprocessing

df_prep <- textProcessor(df_clean_final$abstract,
                         metadata = df_clean_final,
                         verbose = F,
                         onlycharacter = T,
                         stem = F,
                         removepunctuation = T,
                         removenumbers = T)
out <- prepDocuments(df_prep$documents,
                     df_prep$vocab,
                     df_prep$meta,
                     verbose = F,
                     lower.thresh = 35,
                     upper.thresh = floor(nrow(df_clean_final) * .2)) # removes 12 most common words

docs <- out$documents
vocab <- out$vocab 
meta <- out$meta

Check which words were removed. We want to remove words that are very frequent and very infrequent. This improves topic model estimation and interpretation.

df_clean_final %>%
  unnest_tokens(word, abstract) %>%
  anti_join(stop_words) %>%
  count(word, sort = T) %>%
  rename(value = word, count = n) %>%
  left_join(as_tibble(out$words.removed) %>% add_count(value)) %>% filter (!is.na(n)) %>%
  select(-n) %>%
  head(20) %>%
  kable(caption = "Top 20 words removed due to (in)frequency") %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
Top 20 words removed due to (in)frequency
value count
business 10972
political 8574
firms 8016
government 7709
policy 5659
corporate 5478
economic 5354
article 5312
public 4990
paper 4736
study 4253
rights 3982
guanxi 128
cpa 106
cloud 100
edited 93
ict 90
islamic 89
bids 87
music 87

Setting K

Determine what a reasonable number of topics is. There is not a single optimal number of topics for any set of corpora, but we can apply certain estimation methods to find a range of reasonable topic models. We explore the full range and select a specific topic model on the basis of criteria we elaborate on in the article.

k <- c(5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 150, 200)

We have already imported the result of a previous run to avoid unnecessary computation. However, the following code was used to create the models:

# Spectral algorithm takes +- 1.5 hours
plan(multiprocess)

many_models <- tibble(K = k) %>%
  mutate(topic_model = future_map(K, ~stm(documents = out$documents, vocab = out$vocab, 
                                          data = out$meta, K = . ,prevalence = ~ field + s(months_since_first_pub),
                                          verbose = FALSE)))

# The LDA algorithm is rather slow so the following code can take 9+ hours to run.
# The LDA algorithm requires many more iterations.
plan(multiprocess)

many_models_LDA <- tibble(K = k) %>%
  mutate(topic_model = future_map(K, ~stm(documents = out$documents, 
                                          vocab = out$vocab, data = out$meta, K = .,
                                          prevalence = ~ field + s(months_since_first_pub),
                                          verbose = FALSE,
                                          init.type = "LDA",
                                          seed = 1234)))

Inspect results. Notice how the Spectral algorithm requires far less (basically a magnitude) iterations.

heldout <- make.heldout(documents = out$documents, vocab = out$vocab)
k_result <- many_models %>%
  mutate(exclusivity = map(topic_model, exclusivity),
         semantic_coherence = map(topic_model, semanticCoherence, out$documents),
         eval_heldout = map(topic_model, eval.heldout, heldout$missing),
         residual = map(topic_model, checkResiduals, out$documents),
         bound =  map_dbl(topic_model, function(x) max(x$convergence$bound)),
         lfact = map_dbl(topic_model, function(x) lfactorial(x$settings$dim$K)),
         lbound = bound + lfact,
         iterations = map_dbl(topic_model, function(x) length(x$convergence$bound)))

k_result

k_result_LDA <- many_models_LDA %>%
  mutate(exclusivity = map(topic_model, exclusivity),
         semantic_coherence = map(topic_model, semanticCoherence, out$documents),
         eval_heldout = map(topic_model, eval.heldout, heldout$missing),
         residual = map(topic_model, checkResiduals, out$documents),
         bound =  map_dbl(topic_model, function(x) max(x$convergence$bound)),
         lfact = map_dbl(topic_model, function(x) lfactorial(x$settings$dim$K)),
         lbound = bound + lfact,
         iterations = map_dbl(topic_model, function(x) length(x$convergence$bound)))

k_result_LDA
k_result %>%
  transmute(K,
            `Lower bound` = lbound,
            Residuals = map_dbl(residual, "dispersion"),
            `Semantic coherence` = map_dbl(semantic_coherence, mean),
            `Held-out likelihood` = map_dbl(eval_heldout, "expected.heldout")) %>%
  gather(Metric, Value, -K) %>%
  ggplot(aes(K, Value, color = Metric)) +
  geom_line(size = 1.5, alpha = 0.7, show.legend = FALSE) +
  facet_wrap(~Metric, scales = "free_y") +
  labs(x = "K (number of topics)",
       y = NULL,
       title = "Model diagnostics by number of topics",
       subtitle = "These diagnostics indicate that a good number of topics would be around 110")

k_result %>%
  select(K, exclusivity, semantic_coherence) %>%
  unnest() %>%
  mutate(K = as.factor(K)) %>%
  ggplot(aes(semantic_coherence, exclusivity, color = K)) +
  geom_point(size = 2, alpha = 0.7) +
  labs(x = "Semantic coherence",
       y = "Exclusivity",
       title = "Exclusivity and semantic coherence")

k_result_LDA %>%
  transmute(K,
            `Lower bound` = lbound,
            Residuals = map_dbl(residual, "dispersion"),
            `Semantic coherence` = map_dbl(semantic_coherence, mean),
            `Held-out likelihood` = map_dbl(eval_heldout, "expected.heldout")) %>%
  gather(Metric, Value, -K) %>%
  ggplot(aes(K, Value, color = Metric)) +
  geom_line(size = 1.5, alpha = 0.7, show.legend = FALSE) +
  facet_wrap(~Metric, scales = "free_y") +
  labs(x = "K (number of topics)",
       y = NULL,
       title = "Model diagnostics by number of topics",
       subtitle = "These diagnostics indicate that a good number of topics would be around 110")

k_result_LDA %>%
  select(K, exclusivity, semantic_coherence) %>%
  unnest() %>%
  mutate(K = as.factor(K)) %>%
  ggplot(aes(semantic_coherence, exclusivity, color = K)) +
  geom_point(size = 2, alpha = 0.7) +
  labs(x = "Semantic coherence",
       y = "Exclusivity",
       title = "Exclusivity and semantic coherence")

#rm(k_result, k_result_LDA)
i <- 40
df_stm <- k_result %>% 
  filter(K == i) %>% 
  pull(topic_model) %>% 
  .[[1]]

df_stm_td <- tidy(df_stm)

top_terms <- df_stm_td %>%
  arrange(beta) %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  top_n(10, beta) %>%
  arrange(-beta) %>%
  select(topic, term) %>%
  summarise(terms = list(term)) %>%
  mutate(terms = map(terms, paste, collapse = ", ")) %>%
  unnest(cols = c(terms))

td_gamma <- tidy(df_stm, matrix = "gamma",
                 document_names = rownames(df_stm))

gamma_terms <- td_gamma %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  summarise(gamma = mean(gamma)) %>%
  arrange(desc(gamma)) %>%
  left_join(top_terms, by = "topic") %>%
  mutate(topic = paste0("Topic ", topic),
         topic = reorder(topic, gamma))

gamma_terms %>%
  top_n(floor(nrow(gamma_terms) * .3), gamma) %>%
  ggplot(aes(topic, gamma, label = terms)) +
  geom_col(aes(color = "black"), alpha = 0.8, show.legend = FALSE, color = "white") +
  geom_text(hjust = 0, nudge_y = 0.0005, size = 3) +
  coord_flip() +
  scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0,0),
                     limits = c(0, 0.09),
                     labels = percent_format()) +
  labs(x = NULL, y = expression(gamma),
       title = "Top 20 topics by prevalence",
       subtitle = "With the top words that contribute to each topic") 

gamma_terms %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic gamma terms
Topic 30 0.0486772 firm, find, effect, results, level, higher, impact, using, data, effects
Topic 21 0.0480271 research, literature, analysis, studies, theoretical, understanding, framework, issues, based, field
Topic 19 0.0394452 ethics, ethical, theory, moral, values, leadership, one, self, will, behavior
Topic 8 0.0371935 model, cycle, fiscal, models, economy, growth, data, spending, time, shocks
Topic 28 0.0364518 state, century, economy, post, industrial, class, social, capitalism, early, since
Topic 11 0.0359721 actors, groups, interests, institutions, state, institutional, interest, national, democratic, influence
Topic 16 0.0309541 institutional, performance, firm, relationship, ties, emerging, organizational, market, network, networks
Topic 24 0.0309516 private, regulatory, regulation, sector, agencies, health, service, administrative, agency, reform
Topic 22 0.0302344 financial, risk, capital, bank, investors, banks, investment, equity, debt, funds
Topic 17 0.0300021 federal, courts, court, state, judicial, act, states, litigation, note, cases
Topic 34 0.0292662 management, process, systems, decision, making, processes, approach, strategic, tourism, risk
Topic 9 0.0292597 countries, foreign, country, investment, international, multinational, domestic, host, developing, fdi
Topic 15 0.0279211 media, cultural, culture, discourse, identity, practices, news, analysis, politics, contemporary
Topic 4 0.0274095 costs, cost, may, price, model, welfare, market, prices, optimal, subsidies
Topic 3 0.0270145 social, csr, responsibility, society, governance, stakeholders, corporations, stakeholder, legitimacy, engagement
Topic 36 0.0267065 industry, market, markets, production, companies, company, export, japanese, japan, changes
Topic 37 0.0264605 law, legal, human, corporations, international, states, compliance, enforcement, criminal, laws
Topic 33 0.0261876 innovation, technology, knowledge, technological, development, industrial, industry, process, science, innovative
Topic 20 0.0249307 state, ownership, enterprises, private, owned, privatization, soes, enterprise, control, performance
Topic 7 0.0247807 law, liability, shareholders, shareholder, contract, rule, company, contracts, companies, value
Topic 26 0.0233303 environmental, environment, companies, sustainability, factors, adoption, practices, sustainable, supply, performance
Topic 31 0.0231369 education, professional, students, survey, perceptions, attitudes, individuals, differences, training, results
Topic 39 0.0230085 party, election, politicians, lobbying, electoral, contributions, elections, campaign, seeking, influence
Topic 29 0.0223015 governance, board, directors, family, connections, boards, executive, find, connected, firm
Topic 38 0.0219648 local, urban, community, development, regional, city, cities, space, regions, areas
Topic 1 0.0216561 global, international, world, states, united, politics, security, american, national, globalization
Topic 10 0.0212272 information, data, consumers, use, consumer, services, internet, online, privacy, digital
Topic 5 0.0202978 entrepreneurs, managers, entrepreneurial, entrepreneurship, capital, smes, venture, ventures, medium, start
Topic 23 0.0187044 development, energy, project, projects, infrastructure, sector, will, policies, renewable, construction
Topic 35 0.0178310 small, programs, businesses, program, insurance, food, support, scale, life, large
Topic 32 0.0177383 employment, work, workers, labour, employees, women, gender, employee, employers, diversity
Topic 14 0.0172195 trade, european, labor, union, states, bargaining, unions, cross, agreements, border
Topic 2 0.0163289 oil, mining, south, resource, companies, africa, resources, african, natural, communities
Topic 6 0.0162304 power, change, climate, electricity, australian, australia, industry, nuclear, generation, reform
Topic 27 0.0161986 china, chinese, chinas, elsevier, reserved, comparative, inc, economics, published, development
Topic 13 0.0159120 tax, income, taxes, revenue, taxation, rates, capital, revenues, governments, rate
Topic 18 0.0155501 energy, efficiency, emissions, carbon, reduction, gas, consumption, elsevier, reserved, ltd
Topic 12 0.0150462 property, competition, antitrust, patent, intellectual, market, patents, laws, copyright, law
Topic 25 0.0092381 land, water, forest, use, ecosystem, conservation, ecological, landscape, timber, production
Topic 40 0.0092333 corruption, anti, transparency, enforcement, officials, bribery, corrupt, practices, official, illegal
# LDA visualization
toLDAvis(df_stm, docs)

# covariates
out$meta$field = as.factor(out$meta$field)
prep <- estimateEffect(1:i ~ field + s(months_since_first_pub),
                       df_stm,
                       meta = out$meta,
                       uncertainty = "Global")

result_reg <- tidy(prep) %>%
  mutate(p.value = round(p.value, digits = 3),
         term = str_remove(term, "field"))
  
# result_reg %>%
#   mutate(p.value = cell_spec(p.value, "html", color = ifelse(p.value <= 0.05, "blue", "red"))) %>%
#   kable(format = "html", escape = F) %>%
#   kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)

topic_field_matched <- result_reg %>%
  filter(!str_detect(term, pattern = "s[(]"),
         p.value < 0.1) %>%
  mutate(term = ifelse(term == "(Intercept)", "Business", term),
         term = ifelse(estimate < 0, "Unclear", term)) %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  mutate(max_estimate = max(estimate)) %>%
  ungroup() %>%
  filter(estimate == max_estimate) 

topic_field_matched %>%
  mutate(p.value = cell_spec(p.value, "html", color = ifelse(p.value <= 0.05, "blue", "red"))) %>%
  kable(format = "html", escape = F) %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic term estimate std.error statistic p.value max_estimate
1 Political Science 0.0232746 0.0022373 10.403199 0 0.0232746
2 Environmental Studies 0.0479616 0.0036897 12.998643 0 0.0479616
3 Business 0.0302168 0.0116377 2.596463 0.009 0.0302168
4 Economics 0.0490831 0.0028050 17.498607 0 0.0490831
5 Business 0.0291897 0.0136097 2.144773 0.032 0.0291897
6 Environmental Studies 0.0313794 0.0027302 11.493587 0 0.0313794
7 Law 0.0899871 0.0051813 17.367766 0 0.0899871
8 Economics 0.0924271 0.0042046 21.982299 0 0.0924271
9 Business 0.0320742 0.0127042 2.524686 0.012 0.0320742
10 Law 0.0310310 0.0033644 9.223367 0 0.0310310
11 Political Science 0.0680244 0.0038571 17.635940 0 0.0680244
12 Law 0.0479918 0.0030034 15.979059 0 0.0479918
13 Economics 0.0328611 0.0026092 12.594335 0 0.0328611
14 Business 0.0266056 0.0099697 2.668655 0.008 0.0266056
15 Social Sciences 0.0849936 0.0040933 20.764201 0 0.0849936
16 Business 0.0449107 0.0138953 3.232077 0.001 0.0449107
17 Law 0.1574364 0.0057156 27.545203 0 0.1574364
18 Environmental Studies 0.0598902 0.0036396 16.455114 0 0.0598902
19 Business 0.0670651 0.0178328 3.760763 0 0.0670651
20 Economics 0.0277677 0.0027131 10.234505 0 0.0277677
21 Business 0.0403008 0.0140852 2.861222 0.004 0.0403008
22 Business 0.0322795 0.0139162 2.319567 0.02 0.0322795
23 Environmental Studies 0.0541806 0.0036025 15.039554 0 0.0541806
24 Law 0.0263258 0.0030494 8.633184 0 0.0263258
25 Environmental Studies 0.0477611 0.0028258 16.901737 0 0.0477611
26 Business 0.0375603 0.0142645 2.633130 0.008 0.0375603
27 Economics 0.0121385 0.0022000 5.517560 0 0.0121385
28 Business 0.0535278 0.0183353 2.919384 0.004 0.0535278
29 Business 0.0352989 0.0134753 2.619522 0.009 0.0352989
30 Economics 0.0435868 0.0034477 12.642203 0 0.0435868
31 Business 0.0349644 0.0148424 2.355707 0.019 0.0349644
32 Business 0.0273471 0.0126338 2.164593 0.03 0.0273471
33 Management 0.0606032 0.0042585 14.231198 0 0.0606032
34 Management 0.0278068 0.0040566 6.854738 0 0.0278068
35 Economics 0.0115308 0.0022466 5.132654 0 0.0115308
36 Business 0.0560360 0.0163329 3.430864 0.001 0.0560360
37 Law 0.0630505 0.0035700 17.661278 0 0.0630505
38 Environmental Studies 0.0590048 0.0032074 18.396277 0 0.0590048
39 Political Science 0.0489516 0.0029386 16.658058 0 0.0489516
40 Business 0.0113057 0.0064945 1.740818 0.082 0.0113057
topic_best_term <- result_reg %>%
  filter(!str_detect(term, pattern = "s[(]"),
         p.value < 0.1) %>%
  mutate(term = ifelse(term == "(Intercept)", "Business", term),
         term = ifelse(estimate < 0, "Unclear", term)) %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  mutate(max_estimate = max(estimate)) %>%
  ungroup() %>%
  filter(estimate == max_estimate)

topic_field_gamma <- gamma_terms %>%
  mutate(topic = as.factor(trimws(str_remove(topic, "Topic ")))) %>%
  left_join(topic_field_matched %>% select(topic, term) %>% mutate(topic = as.factor(topic)) %>% rename(field = term)) %>%
  select(topic, field, gamma, terms) 

topic_field_gamma %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic field gamma terms
30 Economics 0.0486772 firm, find, effect, results, level, higher, impact, using, data, effects
21 Business 0.0480271 research, literature, analysis, studies, theoretical, understanding, framework, issues, based, field
19 Business 0.0394452 ethics, ethical, theory, moral, values, leadership, one, self, will, behavior
8 Economics 0.0371935 model, cycle, fiscal, models, economy, growth, data, spending, time, shocks
28 Business 0.0364518 state, century, economy, post, industrial, class, social, capitalism, early, since
11 Political Science 0.0359721 actors, groups, interests, institutions, state, institutional, interest, national, democratic, influence
16 Business 0.0309541 institutional, performance, firm, relationship, ties, emerging, organizational, market, network, networks
24 Law 0.0309516 private, regulatory, regulation, sector, agencies, health, service, administrative, agency, reform
22 Business 0.0302344 financial, risk, capital, bank, investors, banks, investment, equity, debt, funds
17 Law 0.0300021 federal, courts, court, state, judicial, act, states, litigation, note, cases
34 Management 0.0292662 management, process, systems, decision, making, processes, approach, strategic, tourism, risk
9 Business 0.0292597 countries, foreign, country, investment, international, multinational, domestic, host, developing, fdi
15 Social Sciences 0.0279211 media, cultural, culture, discourse, identity, practices, news, analysis, politics, contemporary
4 Economics 0.0274095 costs, cost, may, price, model, welfare, market, prices, optimal, subsidies
3 Business 0.0270145 social, csr, responsibility, society, governance, stakeholders, corporations, stakeholder, legitimacy, engagement
36 Business 0.0267065 industry, market, markets, production, companies, company, export, japanese, japan, changes
37 Law 0.0264605 law, legal, human, corporations, international, states, compliance, enforcement, criminal, laws
33 Management 0.0261876 innovation, technology, knowledge, technological, development, industrial, industry, process, science, innovative
20 Economics 0.0249307 state, ownership, enterprises, private, owned, privatization, soes, enterprise, control, performance
7 Law 0.0247807 law, liability, shareholders, shareholder, contract, rule, company, contracts, companies, value
26 Business 0.0233303 environmental, environment, companies, sustainability, factors, adoption, practices, sustainable, supply, performance
31 Business 0.0231369 education, professional, students, survey, perceptions, attitudes, individuals, differences, training, results
39 Political Science 0.0230085 party, election, politicians, lobbying, electoral, contributions, elections, campaign, seeking, influence
29 Business 0.0223015 governance, board, directors, family, connections, boards, executive, find, connected, firm
38 Environmental Studies 0.0219648 local, urban, community, development, regional, city, cities, space, regions, areas
1 Political Science 0.0216561 global, international, world, states, united, politics, security, american, national, globalization
10 Law 0.0212272 information, data, consumers, use, consumer, services, internet, online, privacy, digital
5 Business 0.0202978 entrepreneurs, managers, entrepreneurial, entrepreneurship, capital, smes, venture, ventures, medium, start
23 Environmental Studies 0.0187044 development, energy, project, projects, infrastructure, sector, will, policies, renewable, construction
35 Economics 0.0178310 small, programs, businesses, program, insurance, food, support, scale, life, large
32 Business 0.0177383 employment, work, workers, labour, employees, women, gender, employee, employers, diversity
14 Business 0.0172195 trade, european, labor, union, states, bargaining, unions, cross, agreements, border
2 Environmental Studies 0.0163289 oil, mining, south, resource, companies, africa, resources, african, natural, communities
6 Environmental Studies 0.0162304 power, change, climate, electricity, australian, australia, industry, nuclear, generation, reform
27 Economics 0.0161986 china, chinese, chinas, elsevier, reserved, comparative, inc, economics, published, development
13 Economics 0.0159120 tax, income, taxes, revenue, taxation, rates, capital, revenues, governments, rate
18 Environmental Studies 0.0155501 energy, efficiency, emissions, carbon, reduction, gas, consumption, elsevier, reserved, ltd
12 Law 0.0150462 property, competition, antitrust, patent, intellectual, market, patents, laws, copyright, law
25 Environmental Studies 0.0092381 land, water, forest, use, ecosystem, conservation, ecological, landscape, timber, production
40 Business 0.0092333 corruption, anti, transparency, enforcement, officials, bribery, corrupt, practices, official, illegal
a <- labelTopics(df_stm, topics = c(1:i))

topic_full_description <- tibble(Topic = a$topicnums,
       frex = as_tibble(a$frex) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull(),
       prob = as_tibble(a$prob) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull(),
       lift = as_tibble(a$lift) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull(),
       score = as_tibble(a$score) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull())

topic_full_table <- topic_field_gamma %>%
  left_join(topic_full_description %>% janitor::clean_names() %>% mutate(topic = as.factor(topic))) %>%
  select(-terms)

topic_full_table %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic field gamma frex prob lift score
30 Economics 0.0486772 effect, size, higher, firm, productivity, find, determinants firm, find, effect, results, level, higher, impact entrants, matching, statistically, abnormal, size, announcement, database entrants, firm, find, effect, higher, size, results
21 Business 0.0480271 research, field, literature, theoretical, review, insights, perspectives research, literature, analysis, studies, theoretical, understanding, framework journals, papers, interdisciplinary, methodological, topic, topics, perspectives journals, research, literature, review, theoretical, field, academic
19 Business 0.0394452 ethical, moral, ethics, leadership, values, citizenship, normative ethics, ethical, theory, moral, values, leadership, one virtue, moral, philosophical, ethical, ethics, morality, theorists virtue, ethics, ethical, moral, citizenship, leadership, morality
8 Economics 0.0371935 cycle, shocks, cycles, spending, fiscal, macroeconomic, monetary model, cycle, fiscal, models, economy, growth, data inflation, shocks, cyclical, cycles, macroeconomic, fluctuations, cycle inflation, cycle, fiscal, shocks, cycles, spending, macroeconomic
28 Business 0.0364518 capitalism, century, liberal, class, capitalist, late, black state, century, economy, post, industrial, class, social black, nineteenth, socialism, neoliberalism, capitalist, soviet, capitalism black, capitalism, century, class, neoliberal, state, liberal
11 Political Science 0.0359721 actors, groups, interests, democratic, associations, coalition, coalitions actors, groups, interests, institutions, state, institutional, interest pluralism, coalitions, swedish, arenas, mobilization, parliamentary, coalition pluralism, actors, groups, interests, democratic, elites, coalition
16 Business 0.0309541 ties, institutional, emerging, network, networks, informal, organizational institutional, performance, firm, relationship, ties, emerging, organizational ties, moderating, moderated, moderates, antecedents, embeddedness, focal ties, institutional, performance, firm, organizational, network, networks
24 Law 0.0309516 regulatory, regulation, administrative, agencies, health, care, private private, regulatory, regulation, sector, agencies, health, service proven, regulatory, administrative, oversight, regulation, care, agencies proven, regulatory, private, regulation, health, agencies, sector
22 Business 0.0302344 banks, financial, bank, banking, funds, equity, debt financial, risk, capital, bank, investors, banks, investment creditor, lending, banks, banking, liquidity, auditors, bank creditor, financial, banks, risk, bank, debt, investors
17 Law 0.0300021 court, supreme, constitutional, judicial, courts, federal, note federal, courts, court, state, judicial, act, states arbitration, clause, supreme, defendants, constitutional, court, judges arbitration, courts, court, supreme, judicial, federal, litigation
34 Management 0.0292662 management, tourism, systems, processes, decision, adaptation, organisations management, process, systems, decision, making, processes, approach fisheries, fishing, tourism, marine, management, adaptation, resilience fisheries, management, tourism, fishing, adaptation, systems, marine
9 Business 0.0292597 fdi, host, country, foreign, mnes, countries, multinational countries, foreign, country, investment, international, multinational, domestic outward, fdi, mnes, subsidiaries, mne, host, subsidiary outward, foreign, countries, fdi, country, host, mnes
15 Social Sciences 0.0279211 media, cultural, news, discourse, culture, identity, discourses media, cultural, culture, discourse, identity, practices, news film, newspapers, television, media, journalists, audiences, discourses film, media, cultural, discourse, culture, news, discourses
4 Economics 0.0274095 costs, price, cost, optimal, prices, subsidies, welfare costs, cost, may, price, model, welfare, market abatement, price, costs, optimal, cost, subsidy, subsidies abatement, costs, cost, price, optimal, prices, welfare
3 Business 0.0270145 csr, responsibility, social, stakeholder, engagement, stakeholders, legitimacy social, csr, responsibility, society, governance, stakeholders, corporations csr, ngo, responsibility, engagement, ngos, stakeholder, social csr, social, responsibility, stakeholder, stakeholders, society, governance
36 Business 0.0267065 export, japanese, japan, korea, korean, german, industry industry, market, markets, production, companies, company, export steel, japanese, export, korea, japans, japan, import steel, export, japanese, industry, japan, korea, korean
37 Law 0.0264605 legal, law, criminal, crime, compliance, police, human law, legal, human, corporations, international, states, compliance crimes, crime, criminal, police, policing, legal, violations crimes, law, legal, criminal, human, compliance, crime
33 Management 0.0261876 innovation, technological, technology, innovations, knowledge, innovative, transfer innovation, technology, knowledge, technological, development, industrial, industry defence, cluster, biotechnology, innovations, innovation, technological, collaborations defence, innovation, technology, technological, knowledge, technologies, university
20 Economics 0.0249307 privatization, soes, owned, ownership, enterprises, privatized, state state, ownership, enterprises, private, owned, privatization, soes soe, soes, privatization, privatizations, privatized, owned, privatised soe, privatization, ownership, soes, owned, state, enterprises
7 Law 0.0247807 liability, delaware, bankruptcy, duty, contract, shareholders, shareholder law, liability, shareholders, shareholder, contract, rule, company delaware, fiduciary, insolvency, creditors, duty, takeover, sec delaware, shareholders, liability, law, shareholder, bankruptcy, creditors
26 Business 0.0233303 environmental, sustainability, green, adoption, chain, environment, reports environmental, environment, companies, sustainability, factors, adoption, practices green, erp, wiley, sons, sustainability, environmental, environmentally green, environmental, sustainability, sustainable, erp, adoption, chain
31 Business 0.0231369 education, students, professional, schools, attitudes, perceptions, educational education, professional, students, survey, perceptions, attitudes, individuals graduate, students, education, careers, educational, courses, schools graduate, students, education, professional, school, schools, training
39 Political Science 0.0230085 lobbying, politicians, campaign, rent, election, seeking, voters party, election, politicians, lobbying, electoral, contributions, elections rent, lobbying, campaign, votes, politicians, voters, candidates rent, lobbying, electoral, election, campaign, elections, party
29 Business 0.0223015 board, boards, ceo, connections, ceos, connected, executive governance, board, directors, family, connections, boards, executive philanthropy, ceos, ceo, theoreticalacademic, practitionerpolicy, questionissue, findingsinsights philanthropy, directors, board, boards, connections, family, ceo
38 Environmental Studies 0.0219648 urban, city, cities, housing, local, space, municipal local, urban, community, development, regional, city, cities housing, city, cities, urban, municipal, metropolitan, residents housing, urban, local, city, cities, community, regional
1 Political Science 0.0216561 global, globalization, military, america, latin, war, nations global, international, world, states, united, politics, security dangerous, diplomacy, latin, military, peace, cold, globalization dangerous, global, international, war, security, globalization, politics
10 Law 0.0212272 internet, information, privacy, online, consumers, consumer, digital information, data, consumers, use, consumer, services, internet privacy, internet, platforms, electronic, surveillance, platform, online privacy, information, internet, digital, data, consumers, online
5 Business 0.0202978 entrepreneurs, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial, smes, venture, managers, ventures entrepreneurs, managers, entrepreneurial, entrepreneurship, capital, smes, venture networking, entrepreneurship, smes, entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial, venture, sme networking, smes, entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial, entrepreneurship, venture, managers
23 Environmental Studies 0.0187044 project, projects, infrastructure, renewable, construction, solar, development development, energy, project, projects, infrastructure, sector, will wind, solar, project, projects, infrastructure, renewable, smart wind, energy, projects, renewable, project, solar, infrastructure
35 Economics 0.0178310 programs, small, program, food, insurance, farm, businesses small, programs, businesses, program, insurance, food, support farm, programs, food, program, insurance, farmers, small farm, small, food, programs, insurance, farmers, program
32 Business 0.0177383 workers, women, labour, employers, employment, employee, gender employment, work, workers, labour, employees, women, gender sex, womens, women, employers, workers, employer, sexual sex, workers, women, employment, labour, gender, employers
14 Business 0.0172195 trade, union, european, unions, bargaining, labor, wto trade, european, labor, union, states, bargaining, unions block, wto, union, unions, trade, bargaining, european block, trade, labor, european, union, wto, unions
2 Environmental Studies 0.0163289 mining, oil, african, africa, indigenous, south, extractive oil, mining, south, resource, companies, africa, resources gold, mining, mineral, extractive, indigenous, african, africas gold, mining, oil, africa, south, gas, african
6 Environmental Studies 0.0162304 climate, australian, power, nuclear, australia, change, electricity power, change, climate, electricity, australian, australia, industry nuclear, climate, australian, australia, utilities, australias, disaster nuclear, climate, power, electricity, change, australian, australia
27 Economics 0.0161986 chinas, chinese, china, asian, comparative, hong, kong china, chinese, chinas, elsevier, reserved, comparative, inc hong, kong, chinas, singapore, asian, chinese, china kong, chinese, china, chinas, hong, asian, taiwan
13 Economics 0.0159120 tax, taxes, taxation, income, revenue, revenues, avoidance tax, income, taxes, revenue, taxation, rates, capital taxpayers, tax, taxation, taxes, revenue, income, avoidance tax, taxpayers, income, taxes, revenue, taxation, rates
18 Environmental Studies 0.0155501 emissions, efficiency, carbon, emission, reduction, energy, transport energy, efficiency, emissions, carbon, reduction, gas, consumption saving, emission, emissions, greenhouse, transport, mitigation, carbon saving, energy, emissions, efficiency, carbon, emission, gas
12 Law 0.0150462 patent, antitrust, patents, property, intellectual, licensing, drug property, competition, antitrust, patent, intellectual, market, patents patent, drugs, antitrust, patents, licensing, merger, intellectual patent, antitrust, property, patents, intellectual, competition, drug
25 Environmental Studies 0.0092381 forest, water, land, timber, ecosystem, forestry, conservation land, water, forest, use, ecosystem, conservation, ecological timber, forests, forest, biodiversity, forestry, water, land timber, land, forest, water, ecosystem, conservation, forests
40 Business 0.0092333 corruption, anti, bribery, transparency, corrupt, officials, official corruption, anti, transparency, enforcement, officials, bribery, corrupt bribery, corruption, corrupt, anti, transparency, illegal, officials bribery, corruption, anti, enforcement, corrupt, transparency, officials
short_docs <- meta %>%
    as_tibble() %>%
    select(abstract) %>%
    mutate(abstract = str_sub(abstract, 1, 800))

topic_thoughts <- findThoughts(df_stm, topic = c(1:i), texts = short_docs$abstract, n = 1)

topic_top_docs <- as_tibble(topic_thoughts$index) %>%
  janitor::clean_names() %>%
  pivot_longer(everything()) %>%
  left_join(short_docs %>% mutate(value = row_number())) %>%
  rename(topic = name, doc_index = value, short_abstract = abstract) %>%
  mutate(topic = str_remove(topic, "topic_")) 

table_final <- topic_full_table %>%
  left_join(topic_top_docs) %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)

# network
net <- topicCorr(df_stm, cutoff = 0.05)
net <- net$posadj
net <- network::network(net, directed = F)
net %v% "term" = as.character(topic_best_term$term)
net %v% "topic" = as.character(topic_best_term$topic)

y = RColorBrewer::brewer.pal(9, "Set3")
names(y) = levels(as.factor(topic_best_term$term))

ggnet2(net, color = "term", palette = y, alpha = 0.75,
       size = 4, edge.alpha = 0.5,node.label = "topic",
       node.size = 5) +
  labs(title = "Topic Correlations",
       subtitle = "Nodes indicate topics, edges indicate correlation between topics")

#rm(net, topic_best_term)

# plot(prep, "months_since_first_pub",
#      method = "continuous", topics = c(,),
#      model = z, printlegend = F,
#      xaxt = "n", xlab = "Time (1991-2020)")
# monthseq <- seq(from = as.Date("1990-01-01"),
#                 to = as.Date("2021-12-31"), by = "month")
# monthnames <- months(monthseq)
# axis(1,at = as.numeric(monthseq) - min(as.numeric(monthseq)))
# 
i <- 60
df_stm <- k_result %>% 
  filter(K == i) %>% 
  pull(topic_model) %>% 
  .[[1]]

df_stm_td <- tidy(df_stm)

top_terms <- df_stm_td %>%
  arrange(beta) %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  top_n(10, beta) %>%
  arrange(-beta) %>%
  select(topic, term) %>%
  summarise(terms = list(term)) %>%
  mutate(terms = map(terms, paste, collapse = ", ")) %>%
  unnest(cols = c(terms))

td_gamma <- tidy(df_stm, matrix = "gamma",
                 document_names = rownames(df_stm))

gamma_terms <- td_gamma %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  summarise(gamma = mean(gamma)) %>%
  arrange(desc(gamma)) %>%
  left_join(top_terms, by = "topic") %>%
  mutate(topic = paste0("Topic ", topic),
         topic = reorder(topic, gamma))

gamma_terms %>%
  top_n(floor(nrow(gamma_terms) * .3), gamma) %>%
  ggplot(aes(topic, gamma, label = terms)) +
  geom_col(aes(color = "black"), alpha = 0.8, show.legend = FALSE, color = "white") +
  geom_text(hjust = 0, nudge_y = 0.0005, size = 3) +
  coord_flip() +
  scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0,0),
                     limits = c(0, 0.09),
                     labels = percent_format()) +
  labs(x = NULL, y = expression(gamma),
       title = "Top 20 topics by prevalence",
       subtitle = "With the top words that contribute to each topic") 

gamma_terms %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic gamma terms
Topic 21 0.0351768 research, literature, studies, theoretical, analysis, field, understanding, empirical, review, implications
Topic 30 0.0312741 firm, level, effect, results, data, effects, find, growth, size, industries
Topic 8 0.0311367 model, cycle, fiscal, economy, models, growth, spending, rate, shocks, real
Topic 19 0.0304320 theory, leadership, one, leaders, work, view, organizational, might, concept, much
Topic 11 0.0250620 groups, institutional, interests, actors, interest, network, networks, institutions, influence, group
Topic 52 0.0240077 party, election, parties, electoral, elections, democratic, support, right, partisan, preferences
Topic 17 0.0234279 courts, court, federal, judicial, note, act, supreme, cases, doctrine, litigation
Topic 55 0.0230575 process, project, decision, projects, design, making, implementation, program, model, based
Topic 43 0.0226617 law, legal, rules, contract, contracts, lawyers, company, rule, common, bankruptcy
Topic 46 0.0222066 ownership, companies, performance, control, governance, find, sample, results, firm, stock
Topic 16 0.0214278 institutional, ties, knowledge, emerging, performance, relationship, firm, market, innovation, resources
Topic 33 0.0207966 european, strategic, strategy, europe, changes, union, case, process, integration, market
Topic 28 0.0206356 century, class, south, economy, post, early, historical, elite, african, capitalism
Topic 4 0.0205243 costs, cost, may, price, welfare, model, optimal, prices, will, reduce
Topic 9 0.0200011 foreign, country, countries, multinational, investment, host, fdi, direct, international, home
Topic 57 0.0193007 risk, uncertainty, find, market, returns, value, stock, higher, results, negative
Topic 36 0.0191824 industry, industrial, market, japanese, production, japan, korea, company, german, south
Topic 3 0.0189502 social, csr, responsibility, stakeholders, stakeholder, companies, responsible, society, activities, initiatives
Topic 54 0.0185988 countries, developing, development, reform, reforms, institutions, institutional, policies, will, developed
Topic 47 0.0184784 state, states, federal, administrative, administration, authority, control, democratic, welfare, role
Topic 24 0.0183369 private, regulatory, sector, regulation, agencies, agency, accountability, organizations, entities, governmental
Topic 5 0.0179336 entrepreneurs, managers, entrepreneurial, entrepreneurship, performance, organizational, ventures, factors, venture, findings
Topic 49 0.0172098 technology, regional, innovation, technological, development, science, regions, knowledge, transfer, technologies
Topic 20 0.0170195 state, enterprises, owned, privatization, ownership, soes, private, enterprise, privatized, transition
Topic 59 0.0170129 media, discourse, news, analysis, identity, role, press, coverage, activists, content
Topic 31 0.0161946 education, students, training, survey, attitudes, professional, skills, self, school, schools
Topic 50 0.0160381 governance, actors, development, society, civil, organisations, partnerships, governmental, processes, change
Topic 37 0.0159623 corporations, human, law, liability, states, international, united, criminal, legal, crime
Topic 26 0.0158291 environmental, environment, sustainability, adoption, sustainable, companies, factors, practices, green, performance
Topic 10 0.0155374 information, data, internet, use, privacy, digital, online, personal, users, commerce
Topic 41 0.0155309 ethics, ethical, moral, values, behavior, codes, conduct, professional, society, self
Topic 22 0.0153775 financial, bank, banks, finance, debt, credit, protection, financing, crisis, banking
Topic 15 0.0153335 cultural, culture, india, indian, creative, production, practices, australian, language, popular
Topic 53 0.0152836 market, competition, markets, antitrust, enforcement, laws, competitive, telecommunications, regulatory, product
Topic 51 0.0148045 capital, investment, term, long, investors, funds, investments, short, fund, companies
Topic 29 0.0143592 family, connections, board, trust, directors, boards, members, ceo, ceos, connected
Topic 35 0.0141324 small, businesses, smes, medium, programs, support, large, food, enterprises, farmers
Topic 34 0.0141085 management, systems, tourism, change, manage, ltd, elsevier, changes, resources, human
Topic 32 0.0137956 employment, work, workers, labour, women, employees, gender, diversity, employers, discrimination
Topic 56 0.0137190 global, international, globalization, transnational, national, economy, world, capitalism, corporations, chains
Topic 58 0.0136260 trade, international, domestic, export, cross, border, agreement, states, wto, agreements
Topic 42 0.0134942 local, services, service, governments, water, provision, waste, municipal, sector, goods
Topic 48 0.0133482 accounting, disclosure, reporting, companies, financial, audit, governance, quality, reports, standards
Topic 13 0.0133376 tax, income, taxes, revenue, taxation, rates, revenues, avoidance, rate, profit
Topic 27 0.0128919 china, chinese, chinas, elsevier, reserved, inc, comparative, published, economics, studies
Topic 39 0.0128466 lobbying, contributions, seeking, politicians, campaign, influence, rent, capture, activity, behavior
Topic 45 0.0125420 health, consumer, insurance, consumers, care, legislation, industry, safety, marketing, legislative
Topic 38 0.0124309 urban, city, space, cities, development, housing, local, spatial, planning, areas
Topic 7 0.0121868 shareholders, shareholder, directors, law, governance, duty, delaware, rule, board, value
Topic 1 0.0115949 politics, american, security, war, world, united, military, america, nations, international
Topic 2 0.0111153 mining, resource, conflict, companies, resources, local, conflicts, indigenous, natural, communities
Topic 18 0.0111110 efficiency, energy, emissions, reduction, consumption, scenarios, scenario, carbon, elsevier, results
Topic 23 0.0100338 energy, renewable, sector, development, ltd, technologies, policies, solar, reserved, elsevier
Topic 40 0.0098130 corruption, enforcement, officials, anti, compliance, bribery, corrupt, official, practices, illegal
Topic 6 0.0097274 power, electricity, generation, nuclear, industry, distribution, utility, plants, capacity, disaster
Topic 44 0.0096896 climate, oil, change, gas, coal, industry, carbon, natural, emissions, production
Topic 14 0.0091650 labor, standards, bargaining, unions, union, relations, wage, employee, collective, minimum
Topic 12 0.0091035 property, innovation, patent, intellectual, innovative, patents, innovations, licensing, software, products
Topic 25 0.0080715 community, land, communities, forest, use, rural, certification, timber, conservation, forestry
Topic 60 0.0040132 participation, non, holdings, less, examines, operation, among, development, developed, related
# LDA visualization
toLDAvis(df_stm, docs)

# covariates
out$meta$field = as.factor(out$meta$field)
prep <- estimateEffect(1:i ~ field + s(months_since_first_pub),
                       df_stm,
                       meta = out$meta,
                       uncertainty = "Global")

result_reg <- tidy(prep) %>%
  mutate(p.value = round(p.value, digits = 3),
         term = str_remove(term, "field"))
  
# result_reg %>%
#   mutate(p.value = cell_spec(p.value, "html", color = ifelse(p.value <= 0.05, "blue", "red"))) %>%
#   kable(format = "html", escape = F) %>%
#   kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)

topic_field_matched <- result_reg %>%
  filter(!str_detect(term, pattern = "s[(]"),
         p.value < 0.1) %>%
  mutate(term = ifelse(term == "(Intercept)", "Business", term),
         term = ifelse(estimate < 0, "Unclear", term)) %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  mutate(max_estimate = max(estimate)) %>%
  ungroup() %>%
  filter(estimate == max_estimate) 

topic_field_matched %>%
  mutate(p.value = cell_spec(p.value, "html", color = ifelse(p.value <= 0.05, "blue", "red"))) %>%
  kable(format = "html", escape = F) %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic term estimate std.error statistic p.value max_estimate
1 Political Science 0.0148910 0.0020175 7.380755 0 0.0148910
2 Environmental Studies 0.0353328 0.0030172 11.710545 0 0.0353328
3 Business 0.0238956 0.0096770 2.469329 0.014 0.0238956
4 Economics 0.0384816 0.0026103 14.742454 0 0.0384816
5 Business 0.0318982 0.0127810 2.495758 0.013 0.0318982
6 Environmental Studies 0.0197709 0.0020167 9.803449 0 0.0197709
7 Law 0.0415900 0.0040231 10.337691 0 0.0415900
8 Economics 0.0797109 0.0036305 21.955942 0 0.0797109
9 Business 0.0212998 0.0114470 1.860730 0.063 0.0212998
10 Law 0.0281728 0.0029770 9.463570 0 0.0281728
11 Political Science 0.0269584 0.0025671 10.501689 0 0.0269584
12 Law 0.0171981 0.0024761 6.945625 0 0.0171981
13 Economics 0.0269220 0.0025116 10.718904 0 0.0269220
14 Business 0.0304100 0.0112256 2.708995 0.007 0.0304100
15 Social Sciences 0.0396919 0.0035443 11.198742 0 0.0396919
16 Business 0.0307621 0.0126638 2.429138 0.015 0.0307621
17 Law 0.1318808 0.0067229 19.616502 0 0.1318808
18 Environmental Studies 0.0394953 0.0027947 14.132355 0 0.0394953
19 Unclear -0.0221766 0.0028346 -7.823527 0 -0.0221766
20 Economics 0.0207637 0.0022941 9.050792 0 0.0207637
21 Business 0.0328104 0.0117480 2.792835 0.005 0.0328104
22 Economics 0.0124043 0.0022879 5.421669 0 0.0124043
23 Environmental Studies 0.0521642 0.0030410 17.153763 0 0.0521642
24 Political Science 0.0117247 0.0018599 6.303921 0 0.0117247
25 Environmental Studies 0.0342714 0.0028889 11.863297 0 0.0342714
26 Business 0.0234018 0.0132716 1.763292 0.078 0.0234018
27 Economics 0.0102465 0.0019603 5.226948 0 0.0102465
28 Social Sciences 0.0308272 0.0036392 8.470804 0 0.0308272
29 Business 0.0219933 0.0107397 2.047847 0.041 0.0219933
30 Economics 0.0296706 0.0029078 10.203707 0 0.0296706
31 Business 0.0234671 0.0133683 1.755430 0.079 0.0234671
32 Social Sciences 0.0160341 0.0023645 6.781244 0 0.0160341
33 Business 0.0391388 0.0144002 2.717931 0.007 0.0391388
34 Management 0.0155453 0.0030674 5.067842 0 0.0155453
35 Economics 0.0048774 0.0020050 2.432659 0.015 0.0048774
36 Business 0.0428387 0.0135592 3.159392 0.002 0.0428387
37 Law 0.0415383 0.0037134 11.186139 0 0.0415383
38 Environmental Studies 0.0415669 0.0024918 16.681361 0 0.0415669
39 Political Science 0.0155564 0.0022511 6.910524 0 0.0155564
40 Unclear -0.0085686 0.0019111 -4.483638 0 -0.0085686
41 Business 0.0502175 0.0163819 3.065427 0.002 0.0502175
42 Environmental Studies 0.0139746 0.0017114 8.165504 0 0.0139746
43 Law 0.0573557 0.0046256 12.399634 0 0.0573557
44 Environmental Studies 0.0358691 0.0035033 10.238637 0 0.0358691
45 Business 0.0254540 0.0129887 1.959706 0.05 0.0254540
46 Business 0.0283580 0.0136980 2.070231 0.038 0.0283580
47 Political Science 0.0320491 0.0023628 13.563843 0 0.0320491
48 Business 0.0210412 0.0111652 1.884524 0.06 0.0210412
49 Management 0.0373146 0.0036367 10.260435 0 0.0373146
50 Environmental Studies 0.0215938 0.0030851 6.999374 0 0.0215938
51 Economics 0.0032672 0.0019652 1.662504 0.096 0.0032672
52 Political Science 0.0697376 0.0031897 21.863416 0 0.0697376
53 Law 0.0353572 0.0035206 10.042935 0 0.0353572
54 Business 0.0207016 0.0123755 1.672785 0.094 0.0207016
55 Management 0.0244903 0.0040356 6.068529 0 0.0244903
56 Social Sciences 0.0077254 0.0023759 3.251562 0.001 0.0077254
57 Economics 0.0135606 0.0027443 4.941310 0 0.0135606
58 Political Science 0.0167301 0.0019145 8.738693 0 0.0167301
59 Social Sciences 0.0572450 0.0039569 14.467210 0 0.0572450
60 Business 0.0024043 0.0013358 1.799927 0.072 0.0024043
topic_best_term <- result_reg %>%
  filter(!str_detect(term, pattern = "s[(]"),
         p.value < 0.1) %>%
  mutate(term = ifelse(term == "(Intercept)", "Business", term),
         term = ifelse(estimate < 0, "Unclear", term)) %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  mutate(max_estimate = max(estimate)) %>%
  ungroup() %>%
  filter(estimate == max_estimate)

topic_field_gamma <- gamma_terms %>%
  mutate(topic = as.factor(trimws(str_remove(topic, "Topic ")))) %>%
  left_join(topic_field_matched %>% select(topic, term) %>% mutate(topic = as.factor(topic)) %>% rename(field = term)) %>%
  select(topic, field, gamma, terms) 

topic_field_gamma %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic field gamma terms
21 Business 0.0351768 research, literature, studies, theoretical, analysis, field, understanding, empirical, review, implications
30 Economics 0.0312741 firm, level, effect, results, data, effects, find, growth, size, industries
8 Economics 0.0311367 model, cycle, fiscal, economy, models, growth, spending, rate, shocks, real
19 Unclear 0.0304320 theory, leadership, one, leaders, work, view, organizational, might, concept, much
11 Political Science 0.0250620 groups, institutional, interests, actors, interest, network, networks, institutions, influence, group
52 Political Science 0.0240077 party, election, parties, electoral, elections, democratic, support, right, partisan, preferences
17 Law 0.0234279 courts, court, federal, judicial, note, act, supreme, cases, doctrine, litigation
55 Management 0.0230575 process, project, decision, projects, design, making, implementation, program, model, based
43 Law 0.0226617 law, legal, rules, contract, contracts, lawyers, company, rule, common, bankruptcy
46 Business 0.0222066 ownership, companies, performance, control, governance, find, sample, results, firm, stock
16 Business 0.0214278 institutional, ties, knowledge, emerging, performance, relationship, firm, market, innovation, resources
33 Business 0.0207966 european, strategic, strategy, europe, changes, union, case, process, integration, market
28 Social Sciences 0.0206356 century, class, south, economy, post, early, historical, elite, african, capitalism
4 Economics 0.0205243 costs, cost, may, price, welfare, model, optimal, prices, will, reduce
9 Business 0.0200011 foreign, country, countries, multinational, investment, host, fdi, direct, international, home
57 Economics 0.0193007 risk, uncertainty, find, market, returns, value, stock, higher, results, negative
36 Business 0.0191824 industry, industrial, market, japanese, production, japan, korea, company, german, south
3 Business 0.0189502 social, csr, responsibility, stakeholders, stakeholder, companies, responsible, society, activities, initiatives
54 Business 0.0185988 countries, developing, development, reform, reforms, institutions, institutional, policies, will, developed
47 Political Science 0.0184784 state, states, federal, administrative, administration, authority, control, democratic, welfare, role
24 Political Science 0.0183369 private, regulatory, sector, regulation, agencies, agency, accountability, organizations, entities, governmental
5 Business 0.0179336 entrepreneurs, managers, entrepreneurial, entrepreneurship, performance, organizational, ventures, factors, venture, findings
49 Management 0.0172098 technology, regional, innovation, technological, development, science, regions, knowledge, transfer, technologies
20 Economics 0.0170195 state, enterprises, owned, privatization, ownership, soes, private, enterprise, privatized, transition
59 Social Sciences 0.0170129 media, discourse, news, analysis, identity, role, press, coverage, activists, content
31 Business 0.0161946 education, students, training, survey, attitudes, professional, skills, self, school, schools
50 Environmental Studies 0.0160381 governance, actors, development, society, civil, organisations, partnerships, governmental, processes, change
37 Law 0.0159623 corporations, human, law, liability, states, international, united, criminal, legal, crime
26 Business 0.0158291 environmental, environment, sustainability, adoption, sustainable, companies, factors, practices, green, performance
10 Law 0.0155374 information, data, internet, use, privacy, digital, online, personal, users, commerce
41 Business 0.0155309 ethics, ethical, moral, values, behavior, codes, conduct, professional, society, self
22 Economics 0.0153775 financial, bank, banks, finance, debt, credit, protection, financing, crisis, banking
15 Social Sciences 0.0153335 cultural, culture, india, indian, creative, production, practices, australian, language, popular
53 Law 0.0152836 market, competition, markets, antitrust, enforcement, laws, competitive, telecommunications, regulatory, product
51 Economics 0.0148045 capital, investment, term, long, investors, funds, investments, short, fund, companies
29 Business 0.0143592 family, connections, board, trust, directors, boards, members, ceo, ceos, connected
35 Economics 0.0141324 small, businesses, smes, medium, programs, support, large, food, enterprises, farmers
34 Management 0.0141085 management, systems, tourism, change, manage, ltd, elsevier, changes, resources, human
32 Social Sciences 0.0137956 employment, work, workers, labour, women, employees, gender, diversity, employers, discrimination
56 Social Sciences 0.0137190 global, international, globalization, transnational, national, economy, world, capitalism, corporations, chains
58 Political Science 0.0136260 trade, international, domestic, export, cross, border, agreement, states, wto, agreements
42 Environmental Studies 0.0134942 local, services, service, governments, water, provision, waste, municipal, sector, goods
48 Business 0.0133482 accounting, disclosure, reporting, companies, financial, audit, governance, quality, reports, standards
13 Economics 0.0133376 tax, income, taxes, revenue, taxation, rates, revenues, avoidance, rate, profit
27 Economics 0.0128919 china, chinese, chinas, elsevier, reserved, inc, comparative, published, economics, studies
39 Political Science 0.0128466 lobbying, contributions, seeking, politicians, campaign, influence, rent, capture, activity, behavior
45 Business 0.0125420 health, consumer, insurance, consumers, care, legislation, industry, safety, marketing, legislative
38 Environmental Studies 0.0124309 urban, city, space, cities, development, housing, local, spatial, planning, areas
7 Law 0.0121868 shareholders, shareholder, directors, law, governance, duty, delaware, rule, board, value
1 Political Science 0.0115949 politics, american, security, war, world, united, military, america, nations, international
2 Environmental Studies 0.0111153 mining, resource, conflict, companies, resources, local, conflicts, indigenous, natural, communities
18 Environmental Studies 0.0111110 efficiency, energy, emissions, reduction, consumption, scenarios, scenario, carbon, elsevier, results
23 Environmental Studies 0.0100338 energy, renewable, sector, development, ltd, technologies, policies, solar, reserved, elsevier
40 Unclear 0.0098130 corruption, enforcement, officials, anti, compliance, bribery, corrupt, official, practices, illegal
6 Environmental Studies 0.0097274 power, electricity, generation, nuclear, industry, distribution, utility, plants, capacity, disaster
44 Environmental Studies 0.0096896 climate, oil, change, gas, coal, industry, carbon, natural, emissions, production
14 Business 0.0091650 labor, standards, bargaining, unions, union, relations, wage, employee, collective, minimum
12 Law 0.0091035 property, innovation, patent, intellectual, innovative, patents, innovations, licensing, software, products
25 Environmental Studies 0.0080715 community, land, communities, forest, use, rural, certification, timber, conservation, forestry
60 Business 0.0040132 participation, non, holdings, less, examines, operation, among, development, developed, related
a <- labelTopics(df_stm, topics = c(1:i))

topic_full_description <- tibble(Topic = a$topicnums,
       frex = as_tibble(a$frex) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull(),
       prob = as_tibble(a$prob) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull(),
       lift = as_tibble(a$lift) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull(),
       score = as_tibble(a$score) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull())

topic_full_table <- topic_field_gamma %>%
  left_join(topic_full_description %>% janitor::clean_names() %>% mutate(topic = as.factor(topic))) %>%
  select(-terms)

topic_full_table %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic field gamma frex prob lift score
21 Business 0.0351768 research, literature, field, review, theoretical, academic, insights research, literature, studies, theoretical, analysis, field, understanding journals, interdisciplinary, publications, papers, topic, research, researchers journals, research, literature, review, studies, field, academic
30 Economics 0.0312741 firm, size, entry, productivity, effect, determinants, level firm, level, effect, results, data, effects, find entrants, matching, productivity, size, database, entry, heterogeneity entrants, firm, entry, size, effect, productivity, data
8 Economics 0.0311367 cycle, shocks, fiscal, spending, cycles, macroeconomic, monetary model, cycle, fiscal, economy, models, growth, spending inflation, shocks, cycle, cyclical, fluctuations, macroeconomic, cycles inflation, cycle, fiscal, shocks, cycles, spending, macroeconomic
19 Unclear 0.0304320 leadership, citizenship, leaders, ideas, theory, notion, essay theory, leadership, one, leaders, work, view, organizational virtue, leadership, theorists, citizenship, conception, thinking, leader virtue, leadership, citizenship, theory, leaders, essay, conception
11 Political Science 0.0250620 groups, network, interests, networks, actors, associations, interest groups, institutional, interests, actors, interest, network, networks pluralism, groups, swedish, associations, mobilization, mobilized, network pluralism, groups, actors, institutional, network, interests, networks
52 Political Science 0.0240077 electoral, party, elections, partisan, election, voters, parties party, election, parties, electoral, elections, democratic, support wing, electoral, voter, elections, partisan, party, parliamentary wing, electoral, party, election, elections, partisan, parties
17 Law 0.0234279 court, supreme, courts, note, judges, judicial, arbitration courts, court, federal, judicial, note, act, supreme arbitration, clause, supreme, judges, court, amendment, clauses arbitration, courts, court, supreme, judicial, doctrine, constitutional
55 Management 0.0230575 project, design, projects, program, decision, implementation, process process, project, decision, projects, design, making, implementation pilot, project, evaluation, program, design, projects, criteria pilot, project, projects, program, design, process, implementation
43 Law 0.0226617 legal, law, lawyers, contract, bankruptcy, contracts, entity law, legal, rules, contract, contracts, lawyers, company insolvency, lawyers, entity, proceedings, legal, bankruptcy, secured insolvency, law, legal, bankruptcy, lawyers, creditors, contract
46 Business 0.0222066 ownership, pay, sample, controlling, shares, stock, concentration ownership, companies, performance, control, governance, find, sample dividend, earnings, shares, concentration, turnover, proportion, valuation dividend, ownership, performance, governance, stock, earnings, sample
16 Business 0.0214278 ties, emerging, capabilities, knowledge, capability, managerial, institutional institutional, ties, knowledge, emerging, performance, relationship, firm ties, moderating, moderated, capability, focal, antecedents, embeddedness ties, innovation, knowledge, performance, capabilities, institutional, firm
33 Business 0.0207966 european, strategic, europe, strategy, integration, union, russian european, strategic, strategy, europe, changes, union, case defence, european, europe, strategic, poland, positioning, strategy defence, european, strategic, europe, strategy, union, russian
28 Social Sciences 0.0206356 century, class, capitalist, black, elite, late, african century, class, south, economy, post, early, historical black, nineteenth, socialism, capitalist, soviet, twentieth, century black, class, century, south, elite, african, capitalism
4 Economics 0.0205243 costs, cost, optimal, price, prices, welfare, equilibrium costs, cost, may, price, welfare, model, optimal abatement, optimal, costs, cost, subsidy, quantity, equilibrium abatement, costs, cost, optimal, price, welfare, prices
9 Business 0.0200011 fdi, foreign, host, mnes, country, mncs, multinational foreign, country, countries, multinational, investment, host, fdi outward, fdi, mnes, host, mnc, mne, subsidiaries outward, foreign, fdi, host, mnes, country, multinational
57 Economics 0.0193007 risk, uncertainty, returns, stock, event, bond, taking risk, uncertainty, find, market, returns, value, stock bond, abnormal, risk, uncertainty, returns, announcement, bonds bond, risk, uncertainty, returns, stock, abnormal, find
36 Business 0.0191824 japanese, japan, korea, industrial, german, industry, korean industry, industrial, market, japanese, production, japan, korea steel, japanese, korea, japan, japans, korean, raw steel, industry, japanese, japan, industrial, korea, korean
3 Business 0.0189502 csr, social, responsibility, stakeholder, stakeholders, responsible, socially social, csr, responsibility, stakeholders, stakeholder, companies, responsible csr, ngo, responsibility, social, stakeholder, socially, responsible csr, social, responsibility, stakeholder, stakeholders, ngos, socially
54 Business 0.0185988 developing, countries, reforms, reform, institutions, transparency, informal countries, developing, development, reform, reforms, institutions, institutional nigeria, developing, reforms, countries, reform, transparency, informal nigeria, countries, developing, reforms, reform, institutions, development
47 Political Science 0.0184784 state, administrative, administration, police, powers, authority, federal state, states, federal, administrative, administration, authority, control policing, police, bureaucracies, apparatus, federalism, administrations, powers policing, state, states, federal, police, administrative, powers
24 Political Science 0.0183369 private, agencies, regulation, regulatory, agency, accountability, sector private, regulatory, sector, regulation, agencies, agency, accountability proven, nonprofit, agencies, private, delegation, regulation, agency proven, private, regulatory, sector, regulation, agencies, agency
5 Business 0.0179336 entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial, entrepreneurship, managers, ventures, venture, orientation entrepreneurs, managers, entrepreneurial, entrepreneurship, performance, organizational, ventures networking, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial, ventures, founders, entrepreneur networking, entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial, entrepreneurship, managers, venture, ventures
49 Management 0.0172098 regional, technology, technological, regions, science, transfer, innovation technology, regional, innovation, technological, development, science, regions park, regional, cluster, biotechnology, clusters, commercialization, technology park, technology, regional, innovation, technological, regions, science
20 Economics 0.0170195 owned, privatization, soes, enterprises, privatized, privatisation, ownership state, enterprises, owned, privatization, ownership, soes, private soe, soes, privatization, owned, privatizations, privatized, privatised soe, privatization, soes, owned, enterprises, state, ownership
59 Social Sciences 0.0170129 media, news, discourse, activists, discursive, press, identity media, discourse, news, analysis, identity, role, press journalists, newspapers, newspaper, media, discursive, frames, news journalists, media, news, discourse, newspapers, discourses, discursive
31 Business 0.0161946 students, education, training, schools, attitudes, educational, skills education, students, training, survey, attitudes, professional, skills graduate, students, education, educational, careers, teaching, schools graduate, students, education, training, school, schools, respondents
50 Environmental Studies 0.0160381 partnerships, organisations, governance, civil, adaptation, actors, collaboration governance, actors, development, society, civil, organisations, partnerships biodiversity, ecosystems, partnerships, adaptation, collaborative, organisations, ecosystem biodiversity, governance, actors, ecosystem, partnerships, organisations, civil
37 Law 0.0159623 human, criminal, liability, corporations, crime, violations, crimes corporations, human, law, liability, states, international, united crimes, criminal, crime, violations, privilege, human, abuses crimes, human, criminal, liability, corporations, crime, law
26 Business 0.0158291 environmental, sustainability, green, adoption, sustainable, environment, drivers environmental, environment, sustainability, adoption, sustainable, companies, factors green, erp, wiley, sons, environmental, environmentally, sustainability green, environmental, sustainability, sustainable, erp, adoption, wiley
10 Law 0.0155374 internet, privacy, digital, online, information, platforms, users information, data, internet, use, privacy, digital, online privacy, internet, platforms, electronic, surveillance, online, platform privacy, information, internet, digital, data, online, platforms
41 Business 0.0155309 ethical, ethics, moral, codes, morality, values, beliefs ethics, ethical, moral, values, behavior, codes, conduct morality, ethical, moral, ethics, unethical, codes, values morality, ethics, ethical, moral, codes, values, unethical
22 Economics 0.0153775 banks, bank, credit, banking, financial, lending, debt financial, bank, banks, finance, debt, credit, protection creditor, lending, banks, banking, loans, bank, loan creditor, financial, banks, bank, debt, credit, banking
15 Social Sciences 0.0153335 cultural, indian, culture, creative, india, language, french cultural, culture, india, indian, creative, production, practices film, cultural, indian, culture, creative, french, heritage film, cultural, culture, indian, creative, language, india
53 Law 0.0152836 antitrust, competition, telecommunications, merger, monopoly, enforcement, mergers market, competition, markets, antitrust, enforcement, laws, competitive antitrust, merger, monopolies, telecommunications, competition, monopoly, mergers antitrust, competition, enforcement, market, telecommunications, merger, markets
51 Economics 0.0148045 capital, term, funds, fund, pension, investments, investors capital, investment, term, long, investors, funds, investments pension, funds, fund, portfolio, term, capital, passive pension, capital, investment, funds, investors, term, fund
29 Business 0.0143592 connections, ceos, family, ceo, trust, boards, board family, connections, board, trust, directors, boards, members philanthropy, ceos, theoreticalacademic, practitionerpolicy, ceo, findingsinsights, questionissue philanthropy, family, connections, directors, board, ceo, ceos
35 Economics 0.0141324 small, smes, medium, sized, businesses, farm, farmers small, businesses, smes, medium, programs, support, large farm, sized, sme, small, smes, farmers, medium farm, small, smes, farmers, medium, sized, food
34 Management 0.0141085 management, tourism, manage, fisheries, systems, managing, fishing management, systems, tourism, change, manage, ltd, elsevier fisheries, fishing, tourism, management, marine, resilience, coastal fisheries, management, tourism, fishing, marine, systems, resilience
32 Social Sciences 0.0137956 women, labour, gender, employment, womens, sex, discrimination employment, work, workers, labour, women, employees, gender sex, womens, women, sexual, labour, female, gender sex, women, workers, employment, labour, gender, employees
56 Social Sciences 0.0137190 global, globalization, transnational, chains, capitalism, borders, nation global, international, globalization, transnational, national, economy, world debated, globalization, global, transnational, chains, borders, globalisation debated, global, transnational, globalization, international, chains, capitalism
58 Political Science 0.0136260 trade, export, wto, border, agreement, exports, domestic trade, international, domestic, export, cross, border, agreement wto, trade, exports, import, border, export, exporting wto, trade, international, export, domestic, border, agreement
42 Environmental Studies 0.0134942 service, services, water, waste, local, provision, municipal local, services, service, governments, water, provision, waste solid, service, waste, services, water, delivery, municipal solid, services, local, service, water, waste, municipal
48 Business 0.0133482 disclosure, accounting, audit, reporting, auditors, mandatory, fraud accounting, disclosure, reporting, companies, financial, audit, governance audit, auditors, disclosures, disclosure, accounting, auditing, sarbanes audit, disclosure, accounting, reporting, auditors, fraud, compliance
13 Economics 0.0133376 tax, revenue, taxes, taxation, income, avoidance, revenues tax, income, taxes, revenue, taxation, rates, revenues taxpayers, tax, revenue, taxation, taxes, avoidance, income tax, taxpayers, income, taxes, revenue, taxation, avoidance
27 Economics 0.0128919 china, chinas, chinese, hong, kong, comparative, inc china, chinese, chinas, elsevier, reserved, inc, comparative kong, hong, singapore, chinas, chinese, china, taiwan kong, chinese, china, chinas, hong, taiwan, inc
39 Political Science 0.0128466 lobbying, seeking, contributions, rent, campaign, politicians, capture lobbying, contributions, seeking, politicians, campaign, influence, rent rent, lobbying, seeking, rents, contributions, lobby, campaign rent, lobbying, contributions, seeking, campaign, politicians, lobby
45 Business 0.0125420 health, care, insurance, consumer, brand, safety, consumers health, consumer, insurance, consumers, care, legislation, industry tobacco, health, brand, care, brands, medical, advertising tobacco, health, care, insurance, consumer, consumers, food
38 Environmental Studies 0.0124309 urban, city, cities, housing, space, spatial, metropolitan urban, city, space, cities, development, housing, local housing, urban, cities, city, metropolitan, space, spatial housing, urban, city, cities, space, spatial, planning
7 Law 0.0121868 shareholder, shareholders, delaware, duty, fiduciary, takeover, directors shareholders, shareholder, directors, law, governance, duty, delaware delaware, fiduciary, duty, takeover, shareholder, shareholders, primacy delaware, shareholders, shareholder, directors, fiduciary, duty, securities
1 Political Science 0.0115949 military, war, security, american, america, latin, politics politics, american, security, war, world, united, military dangerous, military, latin, peace, diplomacy, wars, america dangerous, war, security, politics, military, american, america
2 Environmental Studies 0.0111153 mining, resource, indigenous, conflicts, extractive, conflict, mineral mining, resource, conflict, companies, resources, local, conflicts gold, mining, mineral, extractive, indigenous, ghana, extraction gold, mining, resource, indigenous, extractive, mineral, conflict
18 Environmental Studies 0.0111110 efficiency, scenarios, reduction, scenario, emissions, consumption, transport efficiency, energy, emissions, reduction, consumption, scenarios, scenario saving, scenarios, efficiency, transport, scenario, reduction, emission saving, energy, efficiency, emissions, carbon, emission, reduction
23 Environmental Studies 0.0100338 renewable, energy, solar, wind, technologies, clean, grid energy, renewable, sector, development, ltd, technologies, policies wind, solar, renewable, grid, energy, clean, deployment wind, energy, renewable, solar, grid, electricity, technologies
40 Unclear 0.0098130 corruption, bribery, anti, officials, corrupt, enforcement, compliance corruption, enforcement, officials, anti, compliance, bribery, corrupt bribery, corruption, corrupt, anti, officials, red, official bribery, corruption, anti, enforcement, compliance, officials, corrupt
6 Environmental Studies 0.0097274 power, nuclear, generation, electricity, plants, disaster, utility power, electricity, generation, nuclear, industry, distribution, utility nuclear, power, utilities, disaster, plants, generation, electricity nuclear, power, electricity, generation, plants, disaster, utilities
44 Environmental Studies 0.0096896 oil, climate, coal, gas, change, carbon, greenhouse climate, oil, change, gas, coal, industry, carbon coal, oil, climate, gas, petroleum, greenhouse, carbon coal, oil, climate, gas, carbon, emissions, change
14 Business 0.0091650 labor, bargaining, unions, wage, standards, employee, minimum labor, standards, bargaining, unions, union, relations, wage block, labor, unions, bargaining, child, minimum, wage block, labor, unions, bargaining, wage, standards, union
12 Law 0.0091035 patent, property, intellectual, patents, licensing, innovations, innovative property, innovation, patent, intellectual, innovative, patents, innovations patent, patents, intellectual, licensing, property, innovations, licenses patent, innovation, property, patents, intellectual, innovations, licensing
25 Environmental Studies 0.0080715 forest, land, community, timber, communities, certification, forestry community, land, communities, forest, use, rural, certification timber, forest, forests, forestry, certification, land, community timber, land, forest, community, communities, forests, forestry
60 Business 0.0040132 participation, holdings, operation, non, relation, threat, aggregate participation, non, holdings, less, examines, operation, among holdings, participation, operation, lesser, hard, threat, moves holdings, participation, non, cash, aggregate, operation, assets
short_docs <- meta %>%
    as_tibble() %>%
    select(abstract) %>%
    mutate(abstract = str_sub(abstract, 1, 800))

topic_thoughts <- findThoughts(df_stm, topic = c(1:i), texts = short_docs$abstract, n = 1)

topic_top_docs <- as_tibble(topic_thoughts$index) %>%
  janitor::clean_names() %>%
  pivot_longer(everything()) %>%
  left_join(short_docs %>% mutate(value = row_number())) %>%
  rename(topic = name, doc_index = value, short_abstract = abstract) %>%
  mutate(topic = str_remove(topic, "topic_")) 

table_final <- topic_full_table %>%
  left_join(topic_top_docs) %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)

# network
net <- topicCorr(df_stm, cutoff = 0.05)
net <- net$posadj
net <- network::network(net, directed = F)
net %v% "term" = as.character(topic_best_term$term)
net %v% "topic" = as.character(topic_best_term$topic)

y = RColorBrewer::brewer.pal(9, "Set3")
names(y) = levels(as.factor(topic_best_term$term))

ggnet2(net, color = "term", palette = y, alpha = 0.75,
       size = 4, edge.alpha = 0.5,node.label = "topic",
       node.size = 5) +
  labs(title = "Topic Correlations",
       subtitle = "Nodes indicate topics, edges indicate correlation between topics")

#rm(net, topic_best_term)

# plot(prep, "months_since_first_pub",
#      method = "continuous", topics = c(,),
#      model = z, printlegend = F,
#      xaxt = "n", xlab = "Time (1991-2020)")
# monthseq <- seq(from = as.Date("1990-01-01"),
#                 to = as.Date("2021-12-31"), by = "month")
# monthnames <- months(monthseq)
# axis(1,at = as.numeric(monthseq) - min(as.numeric(monthseq)))
# 
i <- 80
df_stm <- k_result %>% 
  filter(K == i) %>% 
  pull(topic_model) %>% 
  .[[1]]

df_stm_td <- tidy(df_stm)

top_terms <- df_stm_td %>%
  arrange(beta) %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  top_n(10, beta) %>%
  arrange(-beta) %>%
  select(topic, term) %>%
  summarise(terms = list(term)) %>%
  mutate(terms = map(terms, paste, collapse = ", ")) %>%
  unnest(cols = c(terms))

td_gamma <- tidy(df_stm, matrix = "gamma",
                 document_names = rownames(df_stm))

gamma_terms <- td_gamma %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  summarise(gamma = mean(gamma)) %>%
  arrange(desc(gamma)) %>%
  left_join(top_terms, by = "topic") %>%
  mutate(topic = paste0("Topic ", topic),
         topic = reorder(topic, gamma))

gamma_terms %>%
  top_n(floor(nrow(gamma_terms) * .3), gamma) %>%
  ggplot(aes(topic, gamma, label = terms)) +
  geom_col(aes(color = "black"), alpha = 0.8, show.legend = FALSE, color = "white") +
  geom_text(hjust = 0, nudge_y = 0.0005, size = 3) +
  coord_flip() +
  scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0,0),
                     limits = c(0, 0.09),
                     labels = percent_format()) +
  labs(x = NULL, y = expression(gamma),
       title = "Top 20 topics by prevalence",
       subtitle = "With the top words that contribute to each topic") 

gamma_terms %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic gamma terms
Topic 66 0.0279186 factors, results, survey, differences, data, findings, influence, using, important, variables
Topic 21 0.0274766 research, literature, studies, theoretical, analysis, empirical, understanding, field, framework, academic
Topic 76 0.0234533 governance, actors, organizations, society, processes, civil, forms, non, governmental, legitimacy
Topic 30 0.0229998 firm, effect, level, find, industries, effects, results, entry, using, data
Topic 19 0.0213680 leaders, people, will, one, make, work, individuals, good, might, must
Topic 52 0.0201003 party, election, electoral, parties, elections, democratic, campaign, right, voters, voting
Topic 67 0.0196636 first, second, leadership, history, three, two, third, years, historical, section
Topic 65 0.0196022 model, growth, productivity, shocks, spending, economy, cycle, output, real, fiscal
Topic 8 0.0177861 models, model, cycle, rate, fiscal, cycles, time, monetary, data, empirical
Topic 43 0.0176702 law, legal, rules, company, rule, bankruptcy, common, assets, laws, limited
Topic 78 0.0172751 federal, court, courts, states, act, note, constitutional, supreme, congress, state
Topic 68 0.0164488 market, changes, term, change, markets, long, stock, short, significant, returns
Topic 33 0.0163313 european, europe, union, british, russian, process, development, russia, major, towards
Topic 47 0.0162823 state, states, control, neoliberal, administrative, administration, reform, welfare, role, police
Topic 73 0.0160495 theory, values, theories, normative, democracy, arguments, critical, freedom, enterprise, view
Topic 16 0.0159892 institutional, ties, network, networks, emerging, resources, informal, formal, resource, relationship
Topic 63 0.0156423 sustainability, companies, practices, strategic, sustainable, stakeholders, ltd, strategy, strategies, stakeholder
Topic 55 0.0153291 process, project, projects, programs, program, decision, development, making, implementation, design
Topic 46 0.0150539 ownership, companies, governance, find, pay, control, equity, sample, compensation, listed
Topic 54 0.0150517 countries, developing, development, reforms, reform, country, institutions, developed, governance, institutional
Topic 36 0.0148353 industry, industrial, japanese, japan, production, german, korea, manufacturing, korean, since
Topic 20 0.0146824 state, enterprises, owned, privatization, ownership, soes, enterprise, privatized, transition, private
Topic 4 0.0139896 cost, costs, welfare, optimal, may, subsidies, model, emissions, reduce, will
Topic 28 0.0138855 south, century, class, africa, african, post, late, middle, early, capitalist
Topic 3 0.0138356 social, csr, responsibility, responsible, companies, socially, activities, corporations, responsibilities, society
Topic 11 0.0138321 groups, interest, interests, group, associations, elite, influence, elites, access, representation
Topic 37 0.0135638 corporations, human, legal, law, international, criminal, states, crime, principles, united
Topic 64 0.0133417 multinational, country, international, host, home, mncs, mnes, strategies, markets, emerging
Topic 5 0.0133249 performance, managers, organizational, relationship, managerial, relationships, organizations, role, findings, impact
Topic 9 0.0133004 foreign, investment, direct, fdi, investments, countries, domestic, country, investors, location
Topic 69 0.0132170 space, systems, will, technology, technologies, digital, model, telecommunications, platform, system
Topic 22 0.0130315 financial, bank, banks, finance, institutions, protection, crisis, banking, financing, credit
Topic 24 0.0126311 private, sector, agencies, agency, administrative, sectors, accountability, organizations, profit, entities
Topic 59 0.0124985 media, discourse, news, analysis, press, coverage, content, communication, activists, role
Topic 49 0.0124595 technology, science, innovation, technological, transfer, development, scientific, university, industrial, universities
Topic 70 0.0124224 small, growth, businesses, smes, large, medium, enterprises, size, sized, support
Topic 71 0.0122559 local, regional, national, regions, level, governments, central, region, authorities, development
Topic 32 0.0121206 employment, workers, work, labour, women, employees, gender, employers, discrimination, workplace
Topic 57 0.0119536 risk, debt, higher, risks, find, taking, associated, results, lower, evidence
Topic 15 0.0118827 cultural, culture, india, indian, language, practices, production, popular, french, identity
Topic 29 0.0117729 family, connections, board, directors, connected, boards, ceo, members, ceos, politically
Topic 13 0.0116739 tax, income, taxes, revenue, taxation, rates, revenues, profit, avoidance, profits
Topic 79 0.0115077 knowledge, innovation, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial, innovative, creation, processes, development, creative, role
Topic 58 0.0114902 trade, international, domestic, cross, export, border, wto, states, free, agreement
Topic 72 0.0114843 regulatory, regulation, regulations, costs, price, prices, regulators, regulated, cost, market
Topic 27 0.0113412 china, chinese, chinas, elsevier, reserved, inc, comparative, published, economics, studies
Topic 56 0.0112219 global, international, globalization, transnational, national, economy, world, capitalism, increasingly, argue
Topic 41 0.0111971 ethics, ethical, moral, behavior, codes, conduct, self, morality, society, behaviour
Topic 60 0.0109861 value, uncertainty, cash, find, control, effect, flow, intervention, high, investors
Topic 31 0.0106005 education, professional, students, training, skills, school, schools, university, lawyers, educational
Topic 10 0.0105777 information, data, personal, privacy, online, use, protection, internet, companies, access
Topic 48 0.0105542 accounting, disclosure, reporting, audit, financial, companies, reports, governance, report, standards
Topic 39 0.0105228 lobbying, seeking, agents, capture, model, rent, politicians, may, problem, game
Topic 34 0.0104455 management, manage, crisis, systems, managing, managed, fisheries, quality, problems, will
Topic 53 0.0102962 competition, enforcement, antitrust, market, laws, competitive, law, merger, mergers, conduct
Topic 45 0.0101560 legislation, consumer, consumers, legislative, marketing, industry, products, act, brand, advertising
Topic 62 0.0101144 litigation, liability, cases, judicial, courts, court, judges, lawsuits, actions, defense
Topic 7 0.0098427 shareholders, shareholder, directors, law, governance, rule, board, duty, delaware, fiduciary
Topic 38 0.0098187 urban, city, cities, housing, development, spatial, planning, areas, land, area
Topic 1 0.0097183 politics, security, conflict, war, american, world, united, military, america, nations
Topic 77 0.0095811 capital, entrepreneurs, venture, ventures, start, entrepreneurial, high, may, success, formation
Topic 18 0.0092076 energy, efficiency, emissions, scenarios, elsevier, scenario, reserved, consumption, ltd, results
Topic 2 0.0088672 mining, resource, resources, companies, indigenous, communities, extractive, development, industries, local
Topic 17 0.0085546 contract, contracts, claims, parties, agreements, disputes, arbitration, provisions, courts, resolution
Topic 42 0.0085006 services, service, provision, goods, waste, governments, municipal, providers, delivery, provide
Topic 75 0.0081372 energy, technologies, development, models, transition, model, solar, carbon, support, low
Topic 50 0.0081058 change, climate, land, use, ecological, ecosystem, adaptation, development, future, impacts
Topic 6 0.0079520 power, electricity, nuclear, generation, distribution, plants, industry, reform, disaster, electric
Topic 14 0.0078900 labor, standards, unions, relations, bargaining, union, wage, collective, minimum, laws
Topic 26 0.0078530 environmental, green, environment, pollution, voluntary, innovations, protection, adoption, innovation, environmentally
Topic 40 0.0074054 corruption, officials, anti, compliance, bribery, corrupt, enforcement, official, illegal, practices
Topic 51 0.0073104 investors, funds, fund, wealth, investment, pension, financial, reform, equity, mutual
Topic 44 0.0070957 oil, gas, australian, australia, natural, coal, industry, companies, production, petroleum
Topic 12 0.0067309 property, patent, intellectual, patents, licensing, copyright, innovation, drug, pharmaceutical, industry
Topic 35 0.0063889 food, rural, agricultural, farmers, population, land, farm, agriculture, household, payments
Topic 25 0.0061822 community, supply, communities, forest, chain, chains, production, timber, certification, forestry
Topic 74 0.0056383 health, insurance, care, safety, medical, sports, industry, companies, incentives, pharmaceutical
Topic 23 0.0055709 energy, side, demand, renewable, mexico, wind, mexican, capacity, policies, development
Topic 61 0.0036637 water, resources, company, case, infrastructures, quality, infrastructure, development, access, utilities
Topic 80 0.0034861 tourism, development, industry, based, used, elsevier, ltd, despite, within, levels
# LDA visualization
toLDAvis(df_stm, docs)

# covariates
out$meta$field = as.factor(out$meta$field)
prep <- estimateEffect(1:i ~ field + s(months_since_first_pub),
                       df_stm,
                       meta = out$meta,
                       uncertainty = "Global")

result_reg <- tidy(prep) %>%
  mutate(p.value = round(p.value, digits = 3),
         term = str_remove(term, "field"))
  
# result_reg %>%
#   mutate(p.value = cell_spec(p.value, "html", color = ifelse(p.value <= 0.05, "blue", "red"))) %>%
#   kable(format = "html", escape = F) %>%
#   kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)

topic_field_matched <- result_reg %>%
  filter(!str_detect(term, pattern = "s[(]"),
         p.value < 0.1) %>%
  mutate(term = ifelse(term == "(Intercept)", "Business", term),
         term = ifelse(estimate < 0, "Unclear", term)) %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  mutate(max_estimate = max(estimate)) %>%
  ungroup() %>%
  filter(estimate == max_estimate) 

topic_field_matched %>%
  mutate(p.value = cell_spec(p.value, "html", color = ifelse(p.value <= 0.05, "blue", "red"))) %>%
  kable(format = "html", escape = F) %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic term estimate std.error statistic p.value max_estimate
1 Political Science 0.0132346 0.0018113 7.306837 0 0.0132346
2 Environmental Studies 0.0329840 0.0027080 12.180158 0 0.0329840
3 Business 0.0164472 0.0073541 2.236479 0.025 0.0164472
4 Economics 0.0333053 0.0030908 10.775631 0 0.0333053
5 Business 0.0197539 0.0082171 2.404013 0.016 0.0197539
6 Environmental Studies 0.0153226 0.0016767 9.138756 0 0.0153226
7 Law 0.0328023 0.0030439 10.776406 0 0.0328023
8 Economics 0.0396940 0.0027610 14.376788 0 0.0396940
9 Economics 0.0075193 0.0018800 3.999556 0 0.0075193
10 Law 0.0178095 0.0022797 7.812338 0 0.0178095
11 Political Science 0.0193527 0.0016553 11.691080 0 0.0193527
12 Law 0.0192321 0.0026298 7.313281 0 0.0192321
13 Economics 0.0220864 0.0020287 10.886946 0 0.0220864
14 Business 0.0247587 0.0089415 2.768963 0.006 0.0247587
15 Social Sciences 0.0312763 0.0031649 9.882389 0 0.0312763
16 Business 0.0238010 0.0117805 2.020373 0.043 0.0238010
17 Law 0.0323923 0.0030293 10.693136 0 0.0323923
18 Environmental Studies 0.0339747 0.0027572 12.322035 0 0.0339747
19 Business 0.0214317 0.0122407 1.750849 0.08 0.0214317
20 Economics 0.0183563 0.0019474 9.426117 0 0.0183563
21 Business 0.0242334 0.0090957 2.664253 0.008 0.0242334
22 Business 0.0132483 0.0076113 1.740608 0.082 0.0132483
23 Environmental Studies 0.0228726 0.0022480 10.174799 0 0.0228726
24 Political Science 0.0078252 0.0011721 6.676411 0 0.0078252
25 Environmental Studies 0.0189409 0.0019220 9.854969 0 0.0189409
26 Business 0.0173812 0.0099514 1.746617 0.081 0.0173812
27 Economics 0.0086486 0.0020172 4.287324 0 0.0086486
28 Social Sciences 0.0240888 0.0025990 9.268461 0 0.0240888
29 Business 0.0174555 0.0095270 1.832220 0.067 0.0174555
30 Business 0.0181060 0.0094683 1.912270 0.056 0.0181060
31 Unclear -0.0036808 0.0016568 -2.221569 0.026 -0.0036808
32 Social Sciences 0.0135687 0.0024691 5.495491 0 0.0135687
33 Business 0.0314385 0.0132225 2.377650 0.017 0.0314385
34 Management 0.0104601 0.0024144 4.332360 0 0.0104601
35 Environmental Studies 0.0126734 0.0018350 6.906527 0 0.0126734
36 Business 0.0312983 0.0117287 2.668527 0.008 0.0312983
37 Law 0.0282641 0.0026953 10.486588 0 0.0282641
38 Environmental Studies 0.0364190 0.0026783 13.597925 0 0.0364190
39 Economics 0.0136100 0.0018560 7.333121 0 0.0136100
40 Unclear -0.0070914 0.0020452 -3.467293 0.001 -0.0070914
41 Business 0.0455353 0.0115121 3.955426 0 0.0455353
42 Environmental Studies 0.0075597 0.0014151 5.342143 0 0.0075597
43 Law 0.0465348 0.0033790 13.771955 0 0.0465348
44 Environmental Studies 0.0212570 0.0023614 9.002027 0 0.0212570
45 Law 0.0081294 0.0021242 3.827071 0 0.0081294
46 Business 0.0237892 0.0114251 2.082179 0.037 0.0237892
47 Political Science 0.0306550 0.0020873 14.686132 0 0.0306550
48 Business 0.0173846 0.0095453 1.821282 0.069 0.0173846
49 Management 0.0345664 0.0037762 9.153697 0 0.0345664
50 Environmental Studies 0.0301509 0.0028504 10.577776 0 0.0301509
51 Law 0.0102179 0.0028249 3.617075 0 0.0102179
52 Political Science 0.0554787 0.0032990 16.817077 0 0.0554787
53 Law 0.0260023 0.0027173 9.569061 0 0.0260023
54 Political Science 0.0065178 0.0019634 3.319708 0.001 0.0065178
55 Management 0.0150388 0.0027084 5.552654 0 0.0150388
56 Social Sciences 0.0063599 0.0019435 3.272429 0.001 0.0063599
57 Economics 0.0110834 0.0020006 5.540030 0 0.0110834
58 Political Science 0.0142357 0.0017855 7.972935 0 0.0142357
59 Social Sciences 0.0452791 0.0031727 14.271614 0 0.0452791
60 Unclear -0.0087693 0.0023573 -3.720149 0 -0.0087693
61 Environmental Studies 0.0092132 0.0019056 4.834804 0 0.0092132
62 Law 0.0463746 0.0038708 11.980639 0 0.0463746
63 Environmental Studies 0.0086279 0.0028193 3.060246 0.002 0.0086279
64 Business 0.0219426 0.0105114 2.087507 0.037 0.0219426
65 Economics 0.0598725 0.0029637 20.201951 0 0.0598725
66 Business 0.0236722 0.0113819 2.079809 0.038 0.0236722
67 Law 0.0084030 0.0026423 3.180196 0.001 0.0084030
68 Business 0.0171571 0.0082889 2.069884 0.038 0.0171571
69 Management 0.0173355 0.0032204 5.383019 0 0.0173355
70 Business 0.0168577 0.0090829 1.855973 0.063 0.0168577
71 Environmental Studies 0.0148152 0.0016759 8.840139 0 0.0148152
72 Law 0.0066677 0.0015830 4.212136 0 0.0066677
73 Unclear -0.0125803 0.0019114 -6.581747 0 -0.0125803
74 Law 0.0095195 0.0021565 4.414409 0 0.0095195
75 Environmental Studies 0.0378234 0.0028774 13.144991 0 0.0378234
76 Social Sciences 0.0110634 0.0025973 4.259638 0 0.0110634
77 Business 0.0187204 0.0086068 2.175062 0.03 0.0187204
78 Law 0.0985949 0.0048725 20.234945 0 0.0985949
79 Management 0.0112916 0.0029133 3.875874 0 0.0112916
80 Environmental Studies 0.0029021 0.0004146 6.999528 0 0.0029021
topic_best_term <- result_reg %>%
  filter(!str_detect(term, pattern = "s[(]"),
         p.value < 0.1) %>%
  mutate(term = ifelse(term == "(Intercept)", "Business", term),
         term = ifelse(estimate < 0, "Unclear", term)) %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  mutate(max_estimate = max(estimate)) %>%
  ungroup() %>%
  filter(estimate == max_estimate)

topic_field_gamma <- gamma_terms %>%
  mutate(topic = as.factor(trimws(str_remove(topic, "Topic ")))) %>%
  left_join(topic_field_matched %>% select(topic, term) %>% mutate(topic = as.factor(topic)) %>% rename(field = term)) %>%
  select(topic, field, gamma, terms) 

topic_field_gamma %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic field gamma terms
66 Business 0.0279186 factors, results, survey, differences, data, findings, influence, using, important, variables
21 Business 0.0274766 research, literature, studies, theoretical, analysis, empirical, understanding, field, framework, academic
76 Social Sciences 0.0234533 governance, actors, organizations, society, processes, civil, forms, non, governmental, legitimacy
30 Business 0.0229998 firm, effect, level, find, industries, effects, results, entry, using, data
19 Business 0.0213680 leaders, people, will, one, make, work, individuals, good, might, must
52 Political Science 0.0201003 party, election, electoral, parties, elections, democratic, campaign, right, voters, voting
67 Law 0.0196636 first, second, leadership, history, three, two, third, years, historical, section
65 Economics 0.0196022 model, growth, productivity, shocks, spending, economy, cycle, output, real, fiscal
8 Economics 0.0177861 models, model, cycle, rate, fiscal, cycles, time, monetary, data, empirical
43 Law 0.0176702 law, legal, rules, company, rule, bankruptcy, common, assets, laws, limited
78 Law 0.0172751 federal, court, courts, states, act, note, constitutional, supreme, congress, state
68 Business 0.0164488 market, changes, term, change, markets, long, stock, short, significant, returns
33 Business 0.0163313 european, europe, union, british, russian, process, development, russia, major, towards
47 Political Science 0.0162823 state, states, control, neoliberal, administrative, administration, reform, welfare, role, police
73 Unclear 0.0160495 theory, values, theories, normative, democracy, arguments, critical, freedom, enterprise, view
16 Business 0.0159892 institutional, ties, network, networks, emerging, resources, informal, formal, resource, relationship
63 Environmental Studies 0.0156423 sustainability, companies, practices, strategic, sustainable, stakeholders, ltd, strategy, strategies, stakeholder
55 Management 0.0153291 process, project, projects, programs, program, decision, development, making, implementation, design
46 Business 0.0150539 ownership, companies, governance, find, pay, control, equity, sample, compensation, listed
54 Political Science 0.0150517 countries, developing, development, reforms, reform, country, institutions, developed, governance, institutional
36 Business 0.0148353 industry, industrial, japanese, japan, production, german, korea, manufacturing, korean, since
20 Economics 0.0146824 state, enterprises, owned, privatization, ownership, soes, enterprise, privatized, transition, private
4 Economics 0.0139896 cost, costs, welfare, optimal, may, subsidies, model, emissions, reduce, will
28 Social Sciences 0.0138855 south, century, class, africa, african, post, late, middle, early, capitalist
3 Business 0.0138356 social, csr, responsibility, responsible, companies, socially, activities, corporations, responsibilities, society
11 Political Science 0.0138321 groups, interest, interests, group, associations, elite, influence, elites, access, representation
37 Law 0.0135638 corporations, human, legal, law, international, criminal, states, crime, principles, united
64 Business 0.0133417 multinational, country, international, host, home, mncs, mnes, strategies, markets, emerging
5 Business 0.0133249 performance, managers, organizational, relationship, managerial, relationships, organizations, role, findings, impact
9 Economics 0.0133004 foreign, investment, direct, fdi, investments, countries, domestic, country, investors, location
69 Management 0.0132170 space, systems, will, technology, technologies, digital, model, telecommunications, platform, system
22 Business 0.0130315 financial, bank, banks, finance, institutions, protection, crisis, banking, financing, credit
24 Political Science 0.0126311 private, sector, agencies, agency, administrative, sectors, accountability, organizations, profit, entities
59 Social Sciences 0.0124985 media, discourse, news, analysis, press, coverage, content, communication, activists, role
49 Management 0.0124595 technology, science, innovation, technological, transfer, development, scientific, university, industrial, universities
70 Business 0.0124224 small, growth, businesses, smes, large, medium, enterprises, size, sized, support
71 Environmental Studies 0.0122559 local, regional, national, regions, level, governments, central, region, authorities, development
32 Social Sciences 0.0121206 employment, workers, work, labour, women, employees, gender, employers, discrimination, workplace
57 Economics 0.0119536 risk, debt, higher, risks, find, taking, associated, results, lower, evidence
15 Social Sciences 0.0118827 cultural, culture, india, indian, language, practices, production, popular, french, identity
29 Business 0.0117729 family, connections, board, directors, connected, boards, ceo, members, ceos, politically
13 Economics 0.0116739 tax, income, taxes, revenue, taxation, rates, revenues, profit, avoidance, profits
79 Management 0.0115077 knowledge, innovation, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial, innovative, creation, processes, development, creative, role
58 Political Science 0.0114902 trade, international, domestic, cross, export, border, wto, states, free, agreement
72 Law 0.0114843 regulatory, regulation, regulations, costs, price, prices, regulators, regulated, cost, market
27 Economics 0.0113412 china, chinese, chinas, elsevier, reserved, inc, comparative, published, economics, studies
56 Social Sciences 0.0112219 global, international, globalization, transnational, national, economy, world, capitalism, increasingly, argue
41 Business 0.0111971 ethics, ethical, moral, behavior, codes, conduct, self, morality, society, behaviour
60 Unclear 0.0109861 value, uncertainty, cash, find, control, effect, flow, intervention, high, investors
31 Unclear 0.0106005 education, professional, students, training, skills, school, schools, university, lawyers, educational
10 Law 0.0105777 information, data, personal, privacy, online, use, protection, internet, companies, access
48 Business 0.0105542 accounting, disclosure, reporting, audit, financial, companies, reports, governance, report, standards
39 Economics 0.0105228 lobbying, seeking, agents, capture, model, rent, politicians, may, problem, game
34 Management 0.0104455 management, manage, crisis, systems, managing, managed, fisheries, quality, problems, will
53 Law 0.0102962 competition, enforcement, antitrust, market, laws, competitive, law, merger, mergers, conduct
45 Law 0.0101560 legislation, consumer, consumers, legislative, marketing, industry, products, act, brand, advertising
62 Law 0.0101144 litigation, liability, cases, judicial, courts, court, judges, lawsuits, actions, defense
7 Law 0.0098427 shareholders, shareholder, directors, law, governance, rule, board, duty, delaware, fiduciary
38 Environmental Studies 0.0098187 urban, city, cities, housing, development, spatial, planning, areas, land, area
1 Political Science 0.0097183 politics, security, conflict, war, american, world, united, military, america, nations
77 Business 0.0095811 capital, entrepreneurs, venture, ventures, start, entrepreneurial, high, may, success, formation
18 Environmental Studies 0.0092076 energy, efficiency, emissions, scenarios, elsevier, scenario, reserved, consumption, ltd, results
2 Environmental Studies 0.0088672 mining, resource, resources, companies, indigenous, communities, extractive, development, industries, local
17 Law 0.0085546 contract, contracts, claims, parties, agreements, disputes, arbitration, provisions, courts, resolution
42 Environmental Studies 0.0085006 services, service, provision, goods, waste, governments, municipal, providers, delivery, provide
75 Environmental Studies 0.0081372 energy, technologies, development, models, transition, model, solar, carbon, support, low
50 Environmental Studies 0.0081058 change, climate, land, use, ecological, ecosystem, adaptation, development, future, impacts
6 Environmental Studies 0.0079520 power, electricity, nuclear, generation, distribution, plants, industry, reform, disaster, electric
14 Business 0.0078900 labor, standards, unions, relations, bargaining, union, wage, collective, minimum, laws
26 Business 0.0078530 environmental, green, environment, pollution, voluntary, innovations, protection, adoption, innovation, environmentally
40 Unclear 0.0074054 corruption, officials, anti, compliance, bribery, corrupt, enforcement, official, illegal, practices
51 Law 0.0073104 investors, funds, fund, wealth, investment, pension, financial, reform, equity, mutual
44 Environmental Studies 0.0070957 oil, gas, australian, australia, natural, coal, industry, companies, production, petroleum
12 Law 0.0067309 property, patent, intellectual, patents, licensing, copyright, innovation, drug, pharmaceutical, industry
35 Environmental Studies 0.0063889 food, rural, agricultural, farmers, population, land, farm, agriculture, household, payments
25 Environmental Studies 0.0061822 community, supply, communities, forest, chain, chains, production, timber, certification, forestry
74 Law 0.0056383 health, insurance, care, safety, medical, sports, industry, companies, incentives, pharmaceutical
23 Environmental Studies 0.0055709 energy, side, demand, renewable, mexico, wind, mexican, capacity, policies, development
61 Environmental Studies 0.0036637 water, resources, company, case, infrastructures, quality, infrastructure, development, access, utilities
80 Environmental Studies 0.0034861 tourism, development, industry, based, used, elsevier, ltd, despite, within, levels
a <- labelTopics(df_stm, topics = c(1:i))

topic_full_description <- tibble(Topic = a$topicnums,
       frex = as_tibble(a$frex) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull(),
       prob = as_tibble(a$prob) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull(),
       lift = as_tibble(a$lift) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull(),
       score = as_tibble(a$score) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull())

topic_full_table <- topic_field_gamma %>%
  left_join(topic_full_description %>% janitor::clean_names() %>% mutate(topic = as.factor(topic))) %>%
  select(-terms)

topic_full_table %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic field gamma frex prob lift score
66 Business 0.0279186 survey, factors, differences, variables, perceptions, indicators, determinants factors, results, survey, differences, data, findings, influence satisfaction, respondents, predictors, indicators, survey, perceptions, logistic satisfaction, factors, survey, variables, results, respondents, regression
21 Business 0.0274766 research, literature, academic, field, researchers, insights, theoretical research, literature, studies, theoretical, analysis, empirical, understanding journals, research, researchers, publications, topic, papers, interdisciplinary journals, research, literature, academic, studies, review, researchers
76 Social Sciences 0.0234533 actors, ngos, society, governance, civil, legitimacy, organizations governance, actors, organizations, society, processes, civil, forms ngo, actors, ngos, logics, actor, arenas, nongovernmental ngo, actors, governance, organizations, civil, ngos, society
30 Business 0.0229998 firm, entry, effect, industries, level, size, intensity firm, effect, level, find, industries, effects, results entrants, entry, firm, database, matching, heterogeneity, exit entrants, firm, entry, effect, find, level, industries
19 Business 0.0213680 leaders, citizenship, people, identity, sense, individuals, good leaders, people, will, one, make, work, individuals virtue, citizenship, feel, leaders, leader, something, rationality virtue, citizenship, leaders, people, identity, individuals, justice
52 Political Science 0.0201003 electoral, party, election, elections, voters, democracies, campaign party, election, electoral, parties, elections, democratic, campaign wing, parliamentary, democracies, electoral, voters, votes, party wing, electoral, party, election, elections, voters, parties
67 Law 0.0196636 leadership, essay, history, second, section, first, works first, second, leadership, history, three, two, third books, essay, brief, minister, concluding, leadership, book books, leadership, essay, history, first, section, second
65 Economics 0.0196022 shocks, productivity, volatility, output, spending, expenditure, expenditures model, growth, productivity, shocks, spending, economy, cycle volatility, shocks, expenditure, fluctuations, cyclical, stochastic, capita volatility, shocks, productivity, spending, cycle, output, fiscal
8 Economics 0.0177861 cycles, monetary, cycle, unemployment, hypothesis, rate, macroeconomic models, model, cycle, rate, fiscal, cycles, time inflation, unemployment, monetary, cycles, macroeconomic, curve, currency inflation, cycle, cycles, unemployment, fiscal, monetary, macroeconomic
43 Law 0.0176702 bankruptcy, law, rules, entity, legal, insolvency, professor law, legal, rules, company, rule, bankruptcy, common insolvency, bankruptcy, entity, secured, proceedings, creditors, rules insolvency, law, legal, bankruptcy, rules, creditors, professor
78 Law 0.0172751 federal, constitutional, note, supreme, court, amendment, speech federal, court, courts, states, act, note, constitutional clause, amendment, speech, statutes, constitutional, jurisprudence, supreme clause, courts, court, federal, supreme, constitutional, amendment
68 Business 0.0164488 changes, term, short, stock, market, events, event market, changes, term, change, markets, long, stock momentum, abnormal, changes, announcement, event, short, reaction momentum, market, stock, changes, term, returns, change
33 Business 0.0163313 european, europe, russian, russia, british, union, eastern european, europe, union, british, russian, process, development defence, european, russian, europe, russia, eastern, poland defence, european, europe, russian, union, british, russia
47 Political Science 0.0162823 neoliberal, state, police, neo, administration, powers, liberal state, states, control, neoliberal, administrative, administration, reform policing, bureaucracies, police, apparatus, neo, neoliberal, neoliberalism policing, state, neoliberal, states, police, neo, welfare
73 Unclear 0.0160495 values, theory, normative, theories, arguments, freedom, democracy theory, values, theories, normative, democracy, arguments, critical philosophical, theorists, philosophy, values, theory, conceptions, conception philosophical, theory, values, democracy, normative, philosophy, theories
16 Business 0.0159892 ties, network, networks, institutional, informal, capability, capabilities institutional, ties, network, networks, emerging, resources, informal ties, moderated, mediating, capability, network, antecedents, relational ties, institutional, network, networks, capabilities, informal, innovation
63 Environmental Studies 0.0156423 sustainability, stakeholders, sustainable, strategic, stakeholder, practices, implementation sustainability, companies, practices, strategic, sustainable, stakeholders, ltd erp, wiley, sons, sustainability, stakeholder, sustainable, john erp, sustainability, sustainable, stakeholder, stakeholders, wiley, sons
55 Management 0.0153291 project, program, programs, projects, evaluation, construction, criteria process, project, projects, programs, program, decision, development pilot, program, project, programs, evaluation, projects, criteria pilot, project, projects, program, programs, process, evaluation
46 Business 0.0150539 ownership, pay, compensation, earnings, concentration, equity, executive ownership, companies, governance, find, pay, control, equity dividend, turnover, earnings, pay, concentration, compensation, proportion dividend, ownership, governance, earnings, listed, pay, turnover
54 Political Science 0.0150517 developing, countries, reforms, reform, country, transparency, developed countries, developing, development, reforms, reform, country, institutions nigeria, developing, reforms, countries, transparency, sound, ministries nigeria, countries, developing, reforms, reform, transparency, country
36 Business 0.0148353 japanese, japan, korea, german, industrial, korean, industry industry, industrial, japanese, japan, production, german, korea steel, japanese, korea, japan, japans, korean, german steel, industry, japanese, japan, industrial, korea, korean
20 Economics 0.0146824 owned, soes, privatization, enterprises, privatized, state, enterprise state, enterprises, owned, privatization, ownership, soes, enterprise soe, soes, owned, privatizations, privatization, privatized, privately soe, privatization, owned, soes, enterprises, state, ownership
4 Economics 0.0139896 optimal, welfare, subsidies, cost, emissions, reduction, subsidy cost, costs, welfare, optimal, may, subsidies, model abatement, optimal, subsidy, subsidies, reductions, greenhouse, welfare abatement, emissions, optimal, welfare, carbon, cost, subsidies
28 Social Sciences 0.0138855 century, south, african, black, capitalist, class, soviet south, century, class, africa, african, post, late black, socialism, soviet, nineteenth, capitalist, racial, african black, south, class, africa, century, african, soviet
3 Business 0.0138356 csr, social, responsibility, responsible, socially, responsibilities, concept social, csr, responsibility, responsible, companies, socially, activities csr, social, responsibility, socially, responsible, responsibilities, voluntarily csr, social, responsibility, responsible, socially, responsibilities, corporations
11 Political Science 0.0138321 groups, group, interest, associations, interests, elite, elites groups, interest, interests, group, associations, elite, influence pluralism, groups, group, swedish, associations, interest, interests pluralism, groups, interest, interests, group, elite, elites
37 Law 0.0135638 human, criminal, crime, corporations, violations, legal, treaty corporations, human, legal, law, international, criminal, states crimes, crime, criminal, human, treaty, violations, sanctions crimes, human, criminal, corporations, legal, crime, law
64 Business 0.0133417 mncs, multinational, mnes, home, subsidiaries, host, country multinational, country, international, host, home, mncs, mnes mnc, mne, mncs, subsidiary, subsidiaries, mnes, multinationals mnc, multinational, mnes, mncs, subsidiaries, host, subsidiary
5 Business 0.0133249 performance, managers, organizational, relationships, managerial, relationship, networking performance, managers, organizational, relationship, managerial, relationships, organizations networking, performance, managers, manager, managerial, organizational, relationships networking, performance, managers, organizational, managerial, relationships, relationship
9 Economics 0.0133004 foreign, fdi, investment, direct, investments, acquisitions, attract foreign, investment, direct, fdi, investments, countries, domestic outward, fdi, foreign, spillover, investment, investments, direct outward, foreign, investment, fdi, investments, direct, domestic
69 Management 0.0132170 telecommunications, platform, space, digital, electronic, communications, platforms space, systems, will, technology, technologies, digital, model smart, platform, telecommunications, electronic, virtual, computer, user smart, digital, telecommunications, technology, space, technologies, platform
22 Business 0.0130315 banks, bank, finance, banking, financial, lending, financing financial, bank, banks, finance, institutions, protection, crisis creditor, banking, banks, bank, lending, finance, loans creditor, financial, banks, bank, finance, banking, lending
24 Political Science 0.0126311 private, agencies, sector, agency, nonprofit, administrative, accountability private, sector, agencies, agency, administrative, sectors, accountability proven, nonprofit, agencies, private, sector, agency, delegation private, proven, sector, agencies, agency, nonprofit, procurement
59 Social Sciences 0.0124985 media, news, discourse, journalists, activists, discursive, press media, discourse, news, analysis, press, coverage, content journalists, newspapers, media, newspaper, news, frames, discursive journalists, media, news, discourse, newspapers, coverage, discourses
49 Management 0.0124595 science, technology, technological, scientific, transfer, innovation, cluster technology, science, innovation, technological, transfer, development, scientific park, cluster, science, biotechnology, institutes, commercialization, scientific park, technology, innovation, science, technological, scientific, transfer
70 Business 0.0124224 small, smes, medium, businesses, sized, growth, sme small, growth, businesses, smes, large, medium, enterprises guaranteed, sme, sized, smes, small, medium, assistance guaranteed, small, smes, growth, medium, sized, businesses
71 Environmental Studies 0.0122559 regional, local, regions, region, authorities, central, national local, regional, national, regions, level, governments, central decentralization, regional, regions, subnational, local, region, decentralized decentralization, local, regional, regions, region, national, central
32 Social Sciences 0.0121206 women, labour, gender, employment, womens, workers, sex employment, workers, work, labour, women, employees, gender sex, womens, women, sexual, gender, female, labour sex, women, workers, employment, labour, gender, employees
57 Economics 0.0119536 risk, debt, risks, bond, taking, higher, lower risk, debt, higher, risks, find, taking, associated bond, risk, debt, bonds, risky, borrowing, risks bond, risk, debt, higher, risks, default, credit
15 Social Sciences 0.0118827 cultural, culture, indian, india, language, french, film cultural, culture, india, indian, language, practices, production film, indian, cultural, culture, french, india, language film, cultural, culture, indian, india, language, french
29 Business 0.0117729 connections, ceos, ceo, family, connected, board, boards family, connections, board, directors, connected, boards, ceo philanthropy, ceos, theoreticalacademic, practitionerpolicy, ceo, findingsinsights, questionissue philanthropy, family, connections, directors, board, ceo, ceos
13 Economics 0.0116739 tax, taxation, taxes, income, revenue, avoidance, revenues tax, income, taxes, revenue, taxation, rates, revenues taxpayers, tax, taxation, revenue, taxes, avoidance, income tax, taxpayers, income, taxes, revenue, taxation, avoidance
79 Management 0.0115077 knowledge, entrepreneurship, innovative, entrepreneurial, creative, innovation, creation knowledge, innovation, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial, innovative, creation, processes creativity, knowledge, entrepreneurship, creative, innovative, entrepreneurial, talent creativity, knowledge, entrepreneurship, innovation, entrepreneurial, creative, innovative
58 Political Science 0.0114902 trade, wto, border, export, exports, cross, domestic trade, international, domestic, cross, export, border, wto wto, trade, border, exports, import, export, exporting wto, trade, export, border, domestic, international, cross
72 Law 0.0114843 regulatory, regulation, regulations, regulated, regulators, price, prices regulatory, regulation, regulations, costs, price, prices, regulators quantity, regulatory, regulation, regulator, regulated, regulators, regulations quantity, regulatory, regulation, price, prices, regulations, regulators
27 Economics 0.0113412 china, chinas, chinese, hong, kong, comparative, inc china, chinese, chinas, elsevier, reserved, inc, comparative kong, hong, singapore, chinas, chinese, china, taiwanese kong, chinese, china, chinas, hong, taiwan, inc
56 Social Sciences 0.0112219 global, globalization, transnational, capitalism, nation, borders, globalisation global, international, globalization, transnational, national, economy, world debated, globalization, global, transnational, globalisation, globalized, borders global, debated, transnational, globalization, capitalism, international, national
41 Business 0.0111971 ethical, ethics, moral, morality, codes, conduct, beliefs ethics, ethical, moral, behavior, codes, conduct, self morality, ethical, moral, ethics, codes, unethical, reasoning morality, ethics, ethical, moral, codes, unethical, behavior
60 Unclear 0.0109861 uncertainty, cash, value, flow, holdings, valuation, intervention value, uncertainty, cash, find, control, effect, flow holdings, uncertainty, cash, flow, value, valuation, pronounced holdings, value, uncertainty, cash, flow, valuation, pronounced
31 Unclear 0.0106005 students, education, schools, educational, training, skills, professional education, professional, students, training, skills, school, schools graduate, students, educational, education, schools, courses, teaching graduate, education, students, training, school, professional, schools
10 Law 0.0105777 information, privacy, online, personal, data, internet, surveillance information, data, personal, privacy, online, use, protection privacy, surveillance, information, online, internet, personal, records privacy, information, data, internet, online, personal, surveillance
48 Business 0.0105542 audit, disclosure, accounting, reporting, auditors, reports, disclosures accounting, disclosure, reporting, audit, financial, companies, reports audit, disclosures, auditors, disclosure, accounting, auditing, sarbanes audit, disclosure, accounting, reporting, auditors, disclosures, compliance
39 Economics 0.0105228 seeking, lobbying, rent, agents, capture, game, politicians lobbying, seeking, agents, capture, model, rent, politicians rent, seeking, rents, lobbying, agent, game, capture rent, lobbying, seeking, game, rents, agents, capture
34 Management 0.0104455 management, fisheries, manage, managing, managed, fishing, crisis management, manage, crisis, systems, managing, managed, fisheries fisheries, fishing, management, resilience, manage, adaptive, managing fisheries, management, fishing, resilience, manage, crisis, managing
53 Law 0.0102962 antitrust, competition, enforcement, merger, mergers, monopoly, vertical competition, enforcement, antitrust, market, laws, competitive, law antitrust, merger, monopolies, enforcement, competition, mergers, unfair antitrust, competition, enforcement, merger, mergers, monopoly, market
45 Law 0.0101560 consumer, legislation, consumers, brand, tobacco, marketing, legislative legislation, consumer, consumers, legislative, marketing, industry, products tobacco, brands, consumer, brand, advertising, legislation, consumers tobacco, legislation, consumer, consumers, marketing, legislative, brand
62 Law 0.0101144 litigation, lawsuits, liability, judges, tort, plaintiffs, judicial litigation, liability, cases, judicial, courts, court, judges defendants, lawsuits, tort, litigation, suits, lawsuit, plaintiffs defendants, litigation, liability, courts, judicial, judges, lawsuits
7 Law 0.0098427 shareholder, shareholders, delaware, fiduciary, duty, directors, takeover shareholders, shareholder, directors, law, governance, rule, board delaware, fiduciary, takeover, shareholder, duty, shareholders, director delaware, shareholders, shareholder, directors, fiduciary, duty, board
38 Environmental Studies 0.0098187 cities, city, housing, urban, spatial, residents, metropolitan urban, city, cities, housing, development, spatial, planning housing, cities, city, urban, metropolitan, spatial, residents housing, urban, city, cities, spatial, land, planning
1 Political Science 0.0097183 war, military, security, politics, latin, conflict, peace politics, security, conflict, war, american, world, united dangerous, peace, latin, military, wars, diplomacy, cold dangerous, politics, security, war, military, conflict, american
77 Business 0.0095811 venture, entrepreneurs, capital, ventures, start, ups, founders capital, entrepreneurs, venture, ventures, start, entrepreneurial, high capitalists, venture, ups, entrepreneurs, ventures, capital, start capitalists, capital, entrepreneurs, venture, ventures, start, entrepreneurial
18 Environmental Studies 0.0092076 efficiency, scenarios, scenario, energy, saving, emissions, transport energy, efficiency, emissions, scenarios, elsevier, scenario, reserved saving, efficiency, scenarios, scenario, transport, savings, million saving, energy, efficiency, emissions, scenario, scenarios, emission
2 Environmental Studies 0.0088672 mining, indigenous, extractive, resource, mineral, extraction, gold mining, resource, resources, companies, indigenous, communities, extractive gold, mining, mineral, extractive, indigenous, ghana, mines gold, mining, indigenous, resource, extractive, mineral, extraction
17 Law 0.0085546 contract, contracts, arbitration, claims, disputes, resolution, forum contract, contracts, claims, parties, agreements, disputes, arbitration arbitration, contract, contracts, resolution, disputes, forum, claims arbitration, contract, contracts, claims, disputes, courts, agreements
42 Environmental Studies 0.0085006 services, service, waste, provision, municipal, goods, delivery services, service, provision, goods, waste, governments, municipal solid, services, waste, service, delivery, municipal, provision solid, services, service, waste, municipal, provision, delivery
75 Environmental Studies 0.0081372 solar, technologies, clean, transition, energy, carbon, models energy, technologies, development, models, transition, model, solar solar, clean, deployment, window, fossil, transitions, niche solar, energy, renewable, carbon, technologies, clean, fossil
50 Environmental Studies 0.0081058 climate, ecological, change, ecosystem, land, adaptation, biodiversity change, climate, land, use, ecological, ecosystem, adaptation biodiversity, climate, ecological, ecosystem, marine, adaptation, ecosystems biodiversity, climate, land, change, ecological, ecosystem, adaptation
6 Environmental Studies 0.0079520 power, nuclear, electricity, generation, plants, disaster, electric power, electricity, nuclear, generation, distribution, plants, industry nuclear, disaster, power, plants, utilities, generation, electricity nuclear, power, electricity, generation, plants, disaster, electric
14 Business 0.0078900 labor, unions, bargaining, standards, wage, minimum, union labor, standards, unions, relations, bargaining, union, wage block, unions, labor, child, bargaining, minimum, wage block, labor, unions, bargaining, wage, standards, union
26 Business 0.0078530 environmental, green, pollution, innovations, voluntary, environmentally, polluting environmental, green, environment, pollution, voluntary, innovations, protection green, environmental, polluting, environmentally, pollution, degradation, innovations green, environmental, pollution, voluntary, environmentally, innovations, polluting
40 Unclear 0.0074054 corruption, bribery, anti, officials, corrupt, compliance, illegal corruption, officials, anti, compliance, bribery, corrupt, enforcement bribery, corruption, corrupt, anti, officials, red, illegal bribery, corruption, anti, compliance, corrupt, officials, enforcement
51 Law 0.0073104 funds, fund, pension, investors, wealth, mutual, portfolio investors, funds, fund, wealth, investment, pension, financial pension, funds, fund, mutual, passive, portfolio, portfolios pension, funds, investors, fund, investment, securities, portfolio
44 Environmental Studies 0.0070957 oil, gas, coal, australia, australian, natural, australias oil, gas, australian, australia, natural, coal, industry coal, oil, australias, australia, gas, australian, petroleum coal, oil, gas, australian, australia, petroleum, natural
12 Law 0.0067309 patent, intellectual, patents, property, licensing, drug, copyright property, patent, intellectual, patents, licensing, copyright, innovation patent, patents, intellectual, licensing, property, licenses, generic patent, property, patents, intellectual, licensing, drug, pharmaceutical
35 Environmental Studies 0.0063889 food, agricultural, farmers, farm, rural, agriculture, population food, rural, agricultural, farmers, population, land, farm farm, food, agricultural, farmers, agriculture, farming, rural farm, food, farmers, rural, agricultural, land, agriculture
25 Environmental Studies 0.0061822 chain, forest, community, timber, supply, chains, communities community, supply, communities, forest, chain, chains, production timber, forests, chain, forest, forestry, chains, supply timber, forest, community, supply, chain, communities, chains
74 Law 0.0056383 care, insurance, health, medical, safety, sports, medicine health, insurance, care, safety, medical, sports, industry medical, insurance, care, health, sports, safety, medicine medical, health, insurance, care, safety, sports, pharmaceutical
23 Environmental Studies 0.0055709 side, wind, mexico, mexican, renewable, demand, grid energy, side, demand, renewable, mexico, wind, mexican wind, mexican, side, mexico, grid, offshore, renewable wind, energy, renewable, side, mexican, mexico, grid
61 Environmental Studies 0.0036637 water, infrastructures, proposition, utilities, customer, resources, treatment water, resources, company, case, infrastructures, quality, infrastructure water, infrastructures, argentina, unintended, proposition, fairly, utilities water, infrastructures, utilities, resources, customer, privatized, infrastructure
80 Environmental Studies 0.0034861 tourism, perceived, point, represents, operators, examined, operation tourism, development, industry, based, used, elsevier, ltd tourism, operators, travel, town, causing, relies, represents tourism, development, operators, ltd, town, travel, industry
short_docs <- meta %>%
    as_tibble() %>%
    select(abstract) %>%
    mutate(abstract = str_sub(abstract, 1, 800))

topic_thoughts <- findThoughts(df_stm, topic = c(1:i), texts = short_docs$abstract, n = 1)

topic_top_docs <- as_tibble(topic_thoughts$index) %>%
  janitor::clean_names() %>%
  pivot_longer(everything()) %>%
  left_join(short_docs %>% mutate(value = row_number())) %>%
  rename(topic = name, doc_index = value, short_abstract = abstract) %>%
  mutate(topic = str_remove(topic, "topic_")) 

table_final <- topic_full_table %>%
  left_join(topic_top_docs) %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)

# network
net <- topicCorr(df_stm, cutoff = 0.05)
net <- net$posadj
net <- network::network(net, directed = F)
net %v% "term" = as.character(topic_best_term$term)
net %v% "topic" = as.character(topic_best_term$topic)

y = RColorBrewer::brewer.pal(9, "Set3")
names(y) = levels(as.factor(topic_best_term$term))

ggnet2(net, color = "term", palette = y, alpha = 0.75,
       size = 4, edge.alpha = 0.5,node.label = "topic",
       node.size = 5) +
  labs(title = "Topic Correlations",
       subtitle = "Nodes indicate topics, edges indicate correlation between topics")

#rm(net, topic_best_term)

# plot(prep, "months_since_first_pub",
#      method = "continuous", topics = c(,),
#      model = z, printlegend = F,
#      xaxt = "n", xlab = "Time (1991-2020)")
# monthseq <- seq(from = as.Date("1990-01-01"),
#                 to = as.Date("2021-12-31"), by = "month")
# monthnames <- months(monthseq)
# axis(1,at = as.numeric(monthseq) - min(as.numeric(monthseq)))
# 
i <- 100
df_stm <- k_result %>% 
  filter(K == i) %>% 
  pull(topic_model) %>% 
  .[[1]]

df_stm_td <- tidy(df_stm)

top_terms <- df_stm_td %>%
  arrange(beta) %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  top_n(10, beta) %>%
  arrange(-beta) %>%
  select(topic, term) %>%
  summarise(terms = list(term)) %>%
  mutate(terms = map(terms, paste, collapse = ", ")) %>%
  unnest(cols = c(terms))

td_gamma <- tidy(df_stm, matrix = "gamma",
                 document_names = rownames(df_stm))

gamma_terms <- td_gamma %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  summarise(gamma = mean(gamma)) %>%
  arrange(desc(gamma)) %>%
  left_join(top_terms, by = "topic") %>%
  mutate(topic = paste0("Topic ", topic),
         topic = reorder(topic, gamma))

gamma_terms %>%
  top_n(floor(nrow(gamma_terms) * .3), gamma) %>%
  ggplot(aes(topic, gamma, label = terms)) +
  geom_col(aes(color = "black"), alpha = 0.8, show.legend = FALSE, color = "white") +
  geom_text(hjust = 0, nudge_y = 0.0005, size = 3) +
  coord_flip() +
  scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0,0),
                     limits = c(0, 0.09),
                     labels = percent_format()) +
  labs(x = NULL, y = expression(gamma),
       title = "Top 20 topics by prevalence",
       subtitle = "With the top words that contribute to each topic") 

gamma_terms %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic gamma terms
Topic 21 0.0237373 research, literature, studies, analysis, theoretical, empirical, understanding, field, framework, academic
Topic 66 0.0228728 factors, results, survey, influence, differences, using, variables, found, findings, important
Topic 30 0.0214012 firm, level, effect, find, industries, effects, results, industry, size, using
Topic 19 0.0188903 will, leaders, one, people, make, good, many, must, even, like
Topic 88 0.0181628 social, identity, discourse, practices, within, movement, forms, citizenship, contemporary, critical
Topic 67 0.0172165 first, second, leadership, two, history, three, recent, review, third, section
Topic 8 0.0160079 rate, model, models, cycle, time, period, empirical, cycles, monetary, data
Topic 98 0.0159846 value, market, stock, companies, find, returns, connected, results, equity, significant
Topic 76 0.0158397 actors, organizations, society, governmental, civil, non, legitimacy, processes, multi, partnerships
Topic 65 0.0154498 model, fiscal, productivity, spending, shocks, cycle, output, real, aggregate, effects
Topic 94 0.0144825 party, election, electoral, elections, parties, politicians, voting, campaign, contributions, voters
Topic 81 0.0141024 privatization, welfare, optimal, may, model, market, privatized, profit, profits, equilibrium
Topic 87 0.0137951 institutions, institutional, social, networks, formal, markets, market, informal, network, norms
Topic 78 0.0136314 federal, states, court, state, courts, note, act, united, constitutional, congress
Topic 52 0.0135639 governments, states, united, policies, support, right, preferences, left, advanced, ideology
Topic 46 0.0135095 countries, country, developing, across, higher, cross, developed, differences, high, less
Topic 33 0.0133585 european, strategic, europe, union, strategy, process, development, integration, market, british
Topic 47 0.0129036 state, states, administrative, role, neoliberal, liberal, police, neo, reform, model
Topic 43 0.0127902 law, rules, legal, company, bankruptcy, assets, limited, entity, liability, form
Topic 55 0.0127269 project, projects, process, programs, program, development, implementation, assessment, construction, evaluation
Topic 28 0.0123178 american, century, south, class, africa, african, early, north, late, history
Topic 37 0.0119424 legal, law, human, international, criminal, crime, corporations, principles, states, obligations
Topic 73 0.0119087 theory, values, theories, arguments, normative, paradigm, view, theoretical, philosophy, agency
Topic 36 0.0118552 industrial, industry, japanese, japan, german, korea, production, korean, manufacturing, market
Topic 72 0.0118058 regulatory, regulation, costs, regulations, cost, price, market, prices, regulators, regulated
Topic 63 0.0117845 practices, companies, sustainability, strategies, strategy, sustainable, stakeholders, environment, implementation, stakeholder
Topic 68 0.0117636 change, changes, term, long, climate, short, time, shifts, response, adaptation
Topic 11 0.0115212 groups, interest, interests, group, elite, making, elites, associations, influence, decision
Topic 70 0.0114920 growth, small, large, businesses, scale, size, per, loan, number, smaller
Topic 29 0.0112520 institutional, connections, positive, effect, findings, support, negative, influence, using, find
Topic 3 0.0111729 social, csr, responsibility, responsible, companies, corporations, socially, responsibilities, stakeholders, activities
Topic 80 0.0109466 elsevier, reserved, ltd, inc, industry, published, tourism, development, based, interviews
Topic 24 0.0108812 private, sector, agencies, agency, sectors, administrative, role, accountability, profit, entities
Topic 9 0.0108703 foreign, investment, direct, fdi, investments, domestic, location, investors, invest, attract
Topic 32 0.0108236 employment, workers, labour, women, employees, gender, work, employee, employers, discrimination
Topic 69 0.0107211 will, model, technologies, space, telecommunications, commerce, technology, systems, software, electronic
Topic 13 0.0106347 tax, income, taxes, revenue, taxation, rates, revenues, avoidance, rate, shifting
Topic 95 0.0105413 governance, ownership, structures, control, structure, mechanisms, transition, privatisation, companies, economies
Topic 79 0.0105397 knowledge, innovation, entrepreneurial, entrepreneurship, innovative, development, innovations, creation, creative, processes
Topic 71 0.0104101 local, regional, national, regions, governments, level, region, central, development, authorities
Topic 64 0.0104001 multinational, host, home, country, mncs, mnes, international, subsidiaries, strategies, multinationals
Topic 5 0.0102623 performance, relationship, organizational, relationships, impact, role, findings, effects, profitability, positive
Topic 49 0.0101903 technology, science, technological, transfer, industry, scientific, innovation, development, university, universities
Topic 16 0.0100674 ties, innovation, emerging, capabilities, resources, resource, market, external, network, firm
Topic 41 0.0099990 ethics, ethical, moral, behavior, codes, conduct, self, morality, behaviour, beliefs
Topic 50 0.0099260 development, approaches, diversity, issue, sustainable, issues, agenda, ecosystem, special, ecological
Topic 62 0.0097612 litigation, judicial, courts, cases, liability, court, judges, lawsuits, actions, class
Topic 34 0.0096928 management, systems, crisis, manage, managing, resources, resource, organisational, fisheries, human
Topic 53 0.0093652 competition, enforcement, antitrust, market, law, competitive, merger, mergers, laws, monopoly
Topic 20 0.0093513 state, enterprises, owned, soes, enterprise, controlled, non, ownership, privately, soe
Topic 7 0.0093155 law, rule, shareholders, shareholder, duty, delaware, corporations, directors, fiduciary, corporation
Topic 22 0.0092254 financial, protection, laws, finance, financing, legal, investor, leverage, institutions, markets
Topic 45 0.0092227 control, legislation, act, industry, legislative, canada, canadian, threat, tobacco, legislators
Topic 31 0.0092084 economics, education, university, students, comparative, school, journal, training, studies, schools
Topic 56 0.0090503 global, globalization, world, transnational, national, capitalism, corporations, increasingly, nation, argue
Topic 58 0.0089823 trade, domestic, export, border, cross, international, wto, agreement, free, exports
Topic 10 0.0088726 information, data, personal, use, privacy, protection, individuals, collection, collected, access
Topic 48 0.0088715 compliance, disclosure, reporting, companies, audit, reports, report, requirements, quality, fraud
Topic 77 0.0086852 capital, entrepreneurs, venture, ventures, start, joint, high, may, entrepreneurial, success
Topic 1 0.0084809 international, politics, security, war, military, national, world, nations, states, united
Topic 60 0.0084452 uncertainty, cash, intervention, find, related, flow, high, associated, positively, negatively
Topic 84 0.0083161 board, directors, boards, executive, executives, compensation, ceo, ceos, pay, firm
Topic 59 0.0083080 media, news, communication, press, coverage, content, analysis, journalists, role, newspapers
Topic 15 0.0082038 cultural, culture, india, indian, language, popular, production, french, cultures, film
Topic 91 0.0081963 work, professional, lawyers, practice, law, legal, clients, professionals, profession, expertise
Topic 27 0.0078321 china, chinese, chinas, hong, taiwan, kong, development, market, singapore, western
Topic 90 0.0077984 administration, president, office, opposition, federal, authority, defense, prime, presidential, executive
Topic 57 0.0077613 risk, debt, risks, credit, taking, cost, bond, higher, increase, associated
Topic 54 0.0077043 reform, reforms, transparency, brazil, brazilian, development, accountability, however, nigeria, lack
Topic 99 0.0076990 corporations, citizens, free, first, amendment, speech, scrutiny, united, campaign, right
Topic 97 0.0076774 smes, small, medium, enterprises, sized, support, competitiveness, procurement, sme, assistance
Topic 39 0.0076245 lobbying, seeking, activity, action, capture, collective, activities, rent, game, influence
Topic 86 0.0074017 economy, bank, banks, banking, crisis, system, lending, transition, shadow, central
Topic 42 0.0073063 services, service, provision, goods, municipal, waste, governments, delivery, providers, provide
Topic 4 0.0072960 emissions, carbon, reduction, climate, subsidies, reduce, emission, will, reductions, greenhouse
Topic 17 0.0072943 contract, contracts, claims, parties, agreements, disputes, arbitration, provisions, contracting, terms
Topic 82 0.0071408 land, areas, use, rural, area, spatial, urban, planning, development, zones
Topic 2 0.0071164 mining, resource, indigenous, companies, resources, extractive, natural, industry, industries, mineral
Topic 38 0.0071028 urban, city, cities, housing, space, development, real, estate, london, social
Topic 6 0.0070825 power, electricity, generation, nuclear, distribution, industry, plants, disaster, market, electric
Topic 92 0.0068886 relations, conflict, conflicts, violence, asia, cooperation, peace, diplomacy, pacific, issues
Topic 14 0.0066517 labor, standards, unions, bargaining, union, wage, standard, minimum, collective, conditions
Topic 18 0.0065569 efficiency, energy, scenarios, scenario, efficient, policies, saving, consumption, use, conservation
Topic 83 0.0065540 managers, accounting, managerial, adoption, earnings, incentive, evidence, incentives, management, top
Topic 51 0.0065179 investors, funds, fund, equity, investment, pension, wealth, financial, companies, mutual
Topic 26 0.0065143 environmental, green, environment, pollution, voluntary, environmentally, industry, pressures, concerns, polluting
Topic 44 0.0062837 oil, gas, australian, australia, natural, coal, industry, production, companies, development
Topic 75 0.0062549 energy, technologies, solar, transition, models, market, support, model, low, renewable
Topic 40 0.0060479 corruption, anti, officials, bribery, corrupt, enforcement, official, illegal, practices, bureaucrats
Topic 93 0.0060367 internet, online, digital, platform, companies, platforms, intelligence, intermediaries, surveillance, mobile
Topic 89 0.0060331 marketing, russian, russia, demand, brand, advertising, market, sales, soviet, company
Topic 12 0.0059540 property, patent, intellectual, patents, licensing, drug, pharmaceutical, copyright, innovation, industry
Topic 85 0.0057215 consumers, consumer, trust, food, safety, products, consumption, producers, product, industry
Topic 25 0.0056800 community, supply, communities, forest, chain, chains, timber, value, forestry, certification
Topic 74 0.0047617 health, insurance, care, medical, sports, industry, companies, pharmaceutical, medicine, system
Topic 35 0.0046934 agricultural, farmers, farm, agriculture, payments, household, households, production, population, farming
Topic 96 0.0046797 family, members, diversification, minority, families, research, children, implications, controlled, principal
Topic 23 0.0044181 energy, side, renewable, capacity, demand, wind, policies, development, mexican, sector
Topic 61 0.0033575 water, mexico, resources, company, case, proposition, quality, latin, process, treatment
Topic 100 0.0025456 two, system, part, consequences, reorganization, production, will, may, describes, first
# LDA visualization
toLDAvis(df_stm, docs)

# covariates
out$meta$field = as.factor(out$meta$field)
prep <- estimateEffect(1:i ~ field + s(months_since_first_pub),
                       df_stm,
                       meta = out$meta,
                       uncertainty = "Global")

result_reg <- tidy(prep) %>%
  mutate(p.value = round(p.value, digits = 3),
         term = str_remove(term, "field"))
  
# result_reg %>%
#   mutate(p.value = cell_spec(p.value, "html", color = ifelse(p.value <= 0.05, "blue", "red"))) %>%
#   kable(format = "html", escape = F) %>%
#   kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)

topic_field_matched <- result_reg %>%
  filter(!str_detect(term, pattern = "s[(]"),
         p.value < 0.1) %>%
  mutate(term = ifelse(term == "(Intercept)", "Business", term),
         term = ifelse(estimate < 0, "Unclear", term)) %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  mutate(max_estimate = max(estimate)) %>%
  ungroup() %>%
  filter(estimate == max_estimate) 

topic_field_matched %>%
  mutate(p.value = cell_spec(p.value, "html", color = ifelse(p.value <= 0.05, "blue", "red"))) %>%
  kable(format = "html", escape = F) %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic term estimate std.error statistic p.value max_estimate
1 Political Science 0.0108302 0.0012889 8.402714 0 0.0108302
2 Environmental Studies 0.0283246 0.0022350 12.673338 0 0.0283246
3 Business 0.0196115 0.0090686 2.162576 0.031 0.0196115
4 Environmental Studies 0.0293372 0.0025696 11.417212 0 0.0293372
5 Business 0.0120189 0.0061458 1.955625 0.051 0.0120189
6 Environmental Studies 0.0142490 0.0015354 9.280160 0 0.0142490
7 Law 0.0326580 0.0031807 10.267648 0 0.0326580
8 Economics 0.0372550 0.0025354 14.694152 0 0.0372550
9 Economics 0.0067678 0.0012997 5.207050 0 0.0067678
10 Law 0.0092445 0.0019396 4.766246 0 0.0092445
11 Political Science 0.0136267 0.0015353 8.875721 0 0.0136267
12 Law 0.0168071 0.0021681 7.751860 0 0.0168071
13 Economics 0.0209917 0.0020835 10.075147 0 0.0209917
14 Business 0.0187287 0.0073498 2.548195 0.011 0.0187287
15 Social Sciences 0.0188966 0.0020154 9.375912 0 0.0188966
16 Business 0.0153794 0.0082979 1.853405 0.064 0.0153794
17 Law 0.0249786 0.0028516 8.759399 0 0.0249786
18 Environmental Studies 0.0213288 0.0020188 10.564947 0 0.0213288
19 Business 0.0293476 0.0161078 1.821950 0.068 0.0293476
20 Economics 0.0090152 0.0017168 5.251268 0 0.0090152
21 Business 0.0200681 0.0077526 2.588580 0.01 0.0200681
22 Economics 0.0040936 0.0013548 3.021555 0.003 0.0040936
23 Environmental Studies 0.0208802 0.0024063 8.677342 0 0.0208802
24 Political Science 0.0059648 0.0010688 5.580792 0 0.0059648
25 Environmental Studies 0.0167803 0.0019294 8.696987 0 0.0167803
26 Environmental Studies 0.0137427 0.0016159 8.504579 0 0.0137427
27 Unclear -0.0044144 0.0014849 -2.972809 0.003 -0.0044144
28 Social Sciences 0.0146632 0.0023893 6.137081 0 0.0146632
29 Business 0.0157803 0.0088386 1.785380 0.074 0.0157803
30 Economics 0.0152831 0.0023356 6.543515 0 0.0152831
31 Economics 0.0048408 0.0016068 3.012672 0.003 0.0048408
32 Social Sciences 0.0105886 0.0019828 5.340188 0 0.0105886
33 Business 0.0203919 0.0102275 1.993832 0.046 0.0203919
34 Management 0.0126012 0.0026987 4.669295 0 0.0126012
35 Environmental Studies 0.0102786 0.0015881 6.472228 0 0.0102786
36 Business 0.0301521 0.0120424 2.503831 0.012 0.0301521
37 Law 0.0262997 0.0027391 9.601635 0 0.0262997
38 Environmental Studies 0.0252781 0.0021027 12.021612 0 0.0252781
39 Political Science 0.0076043 0.0015232 4.992284 0 0.0076043
40 Unclear -0.0062137 0.0018383 -3.380190 0.001 -0.0062137
41 Business 0.0344624 0.0115625 2.980528 0.003 0.0344624
42 Environmental Studies 0.0059475 0.0012543 4.741767 0 0.0059475
43 Law 0.0355885 0.0035798 9.941417 0 0.0355885
44 Environmental Studies 0.0179680 0.0026012 6.907562 0 0.0179680
45 Law 0.0089630 0.0018354 4.883350 0 0.0089630
46 Business 0.0150054 0.0076497 1.961574 0.05 0.0150054
47 Political Science 0.0259382 0.0021927 11.829130 0 0.0259382
48 Unclear -0.0108381 0.0018482 -5.864274 0 -0.0108381
49 Management 0.0281422 0.0030372 9.265764 0 0.0281422
50 Environmental Studies 0.0171605 0.0029861 5.746728 0 0.0171605
51 Law 0.0085184 0.0021486 3.964675 0 0.0085184
52 Political Science 0.0342539 0.0025008 13.697360 0 0.0342539
53 Business 0.0236105 0.0113142 2.086791 0.037 0.0236105
54 Political Science 0.0083464 0.0024036 3.472404 0.001 0.0083464
55 Management 0.0144042 0.0029685 4.852306 0 0.0144042
56 Social Sciences 0.0042207 0.0015809 2.669847 0.008 0.0042207
57 Economics 0.0057954 0.0013606 4.259347 0 0.0057954
58 Economics 0.0103692 0.0016101 6.440255 0 0.0103692
59 Social Sciences 0.0330070 0.0032455 10.170007 0 0.0330070
60 Economics 0.0052657 0.0017834 2.952679 0.003 0.0052657
61 Environmental Studies 0.0063712 0.0015741 4.047600 0 0.0063712
62 Law 0.0473026 0.0029367 16.107409 0 0.0473026
63 Environmental Studies 0.0048324 0.0024724 1.954521 0.051 0.0048324
64 Business 0.0171796 0.0085433 2.010876 0.044 0.0171796
65 Economics 0.0482244 0.0030764 15.675767 0 0.0482244
66 Business 0.0208257 0.0113806 1.829922 0.067 0.0208257
67 Business 0.0191560 0.0103026 1.859343 0.063 0.0191560
68 Business 0.0118548 0.0052059 2.277193 0.023 0.0118548
69 Management 0.0132549 0.0027990 4.735524 0 0.0132549
70 Economics 0.0058157 0.0013035 4.461684 0 0.0058157
71 Environmental Studies 0.0131828 0.0014397 9.156403 0 0.0131828
72 Law 0.0057535 0.0012568 4.577946 0 0.0057535
73 Unclear -0.0040542 0.0016745 -2.421151 0.015 -0.0040542
74 Law 0.0085955 0.0020114 4.273377 0 0.0085955
75 Environmental Studies 0.0326534 0.0026045 12.537124 0 0.0326534
76 Political Science 0.0034992 0.0017052 2.052065 0.04 0.0034992
77 Business 0.0155010 0.0076059 2.038029 0.042 0.0155010
78 Law 0.0795958 0.0055317 14.389075 0 0.0795958
79 Management 0.0106111 0.0029971 3.540418 0 0.0106111
80 Environmental Studies 0.0150608 0.0015572 9.671620 0 0.0150608
81 Economics 0.0375611 0.0025347 14.818579 0 0.0375611
82 Environmental Studies 0.0282913 0.0023710 11.932330 0 0.0282913
83 Business 0.0156597 0.0082458 1.899106 0.058 0.0156597
84 Business 0.0144608 0.0078992 1.830664 0.067 0.0144608
85 Unclear -0.0029412 0.0015683 -1.875369 0.061 -0.0029412
86 Economics 0.0068958 0.0010650 6.475171 0 0.0068958
87 Business 0.0144220 0.0084318 1.710427 0.087 0.0144220
88 Social Sciences 0.0427049 0.0031033 13.761166 0 0.0427049
89 Unclear -0.0049050 0.0021136 -2.320672 0.02 -0.0049050
90 Political Science 0.0212377 0.0021028 10.099555 0 0.0212377
91 Law 0.0073664 0.0025409 2.899205 0.004 0.0073664
92 Social Sciences 0.0067914 0.0015405 4.408684 0 0.0067914
93 Social Sciences 0.0122085 0.0020628 5.918452 0 0.0122085
94 Political Science 0.0369694 0.0026128 14.149363 0 0.0369694
95 Unclear -0.0056888 0.0015702 -3.623057 0 -0.0056888
96 Unclear -0.0039711 0.0018277 -2.172699 0.03 -0.0039711
97 Management 0.0077812 0.0030783 2.527731 0.011 0.0077812
98 Economics 0.0107663 0.0023182 4.644213 0 0.0107663
99 Law 0.0319461 0.0029024 11.006629 0 0.0319461
100 Business 0.0012889 0.0003210 4.015484 0 0.0012889
topic_best_term <- result_reg %>%
  filter(!str_detect(term, pattern = "s[(]"),
         p.value < 0.1) %>%
  mutate(term = ifelse(term == "(Intercept)", "Business", term),
         term = ifelse(estimate < 0, "Unclear", term)) %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  mutate(max_estimate = max(estimate)) %>%
  ungroup() %>%
  filter(estimate == max_estimate)

topic_field_gamma <- gamma_terms %>%
  mutate(topic = as.factor(trimws(str_remove(topic, "Topic ")))) %>%
  left_join(topic_field_matched %>% select(topic, term) %>% mutate(topic = as.factor(topic)) %>% rename(field = term)) %>%
  select(topic, field, gamma, terms) 

topic_field_gamma %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic field gamma terms
21 Business 0.0237373 research, literature, studies, analysis, theoretical, empirical, understanding, field, framework, academic
66 Business 0.0228728 factors, results, survey, influence, differences, using, variables, found, findings, important
30 Economics 0.0214012 firm, level, effect, find, industries, effects, results, industry, size, using
19 Business 0.0188903 will, leaders, one, people, make, good, many, must, even, like
88 Social Sciences 0.0181628 social, identity, discourse, practices, within, movement, forms, citizenship, contemporary, critical
67 Business 0.0172165 first, second, leadership, two, history, three, recent, review, third, section
8 Economics 0.0160079 rate, model, models, cycle, time, period, empirical, cycles, monetary, data
98 Economics 0.0159846 value, market, stock, companies, find, returns, connected, results, equity, significant
76 Political Science 0.0158397 actors, organizations, society, governmental, civil, non, legitimacy, processes, multi, partnerships
65 Economics 0.0154498 model, fiscal, productivity, spending, shocks, cycle, output, real, aggregate, effects
94 Political Science 0.0144825 party, election, electoral, elections, parties, politicians, voting, campaign, contributions, voters
81 Economics 0.0141024 privatization, welfare, optimal, may, model, market, privatized, profit, profits, equilibrium
87 Business 0.0137951 institutions, institutional, social, networks, formal, markets, market, informal, network, norms
78 Law 0.0136314 federal, states, court, state, courts, note, act, united, constitutional, congress
52 Political Science 0.0135639 governments, states, united, policies, support, right, preferences, left, advanced, ideology
46 Business 0.0135095 countries, country, developing, across, higher, cross, developed, differences, high, less
33 Business 0.0133585 european, strategic, europe, union, strategy, process, development, integration, market, british
47 Political Science 0.0129036 state, states, administrative, role, neoliberal, liberal, police, neo, reform, model
43 Law 0.0127902 law, rules, legal, company, bankruptcy, assets, limited, entity, liability, form
55 Management 0.0127269 project, projects, process, programs, program, development, implementation, assessment, construction, evaluation
28 Social Sciences 0.0123178 american, century, south, class, africa, african, early, north, late, history
37 Law 0.0119424 legal, law, human, international, criminal, crime, corporations, principles, states, obligations
73 Unclear 0.0119087 theory, values, theories, arguments, normative, paradigm, view, theoretical, philosophy, agency
36 Business 0.0118552 industrial, industry, japanese, japan, german, korea, production, korean, manufacturing, market
72 Law 0.0118058 regulatory, regulation, costs, regulations, cost, price, market, prices, regulators, regulated
63 Environmental Studies 0.0117845 practices, companies, sustainability, strategies, strategy, sustainable, stakeholders, environment, implementation, stakeholder
68 Business 0.0117636 change, changes, term, long, climate, short, time, shifts, response, adaptation
11 Political Science 0.0115212 groups, interest, interests, group, elite, making, elites, associations, influence, decision
70 Economics 0.0114920 growth, small, large, businesses, scale, size, per, loan, number, smaller
29 Business 0.0112520 institutional, connections, positive, effect, findings, support, negative, influence, using, find
3 Business 0.0111729 social, csr, responsibility, responsible, companies, corporations, socially, responsibilities, stakeholders, activities
80 Environmental Studies 0.0109466 elsevier, reserved, ltd, inc, industry, published, tourism, development, based, interviews
24 Political Science 0.0108812 private, sector, agencies, agency, sectors, administrative, role, accountability, profit, entities
9 Economics 0.0108703 foreign, investment, direct, fdi, investments, domestic, location, investors, invest, attract
32 Social Sciences 0.0108236 employment, workers, labour, women, employees, gender, work, employee, employers, discrimination
69 Management 0.0107211 will, model, technologies, space, telecommunications, commerce, technology, systems, software, electronic
13 Economics 0.0106347 tax, income, taxes, revenue, taxation, rates, revenues, avoidance, rate, shifting
95 Unclear 0.0105413 governance, ownership, structures, control, structure, mechanisms, transition, privatisation, companies, economies
79 Management 0.0105397 knowledge, innovation, entrepreneurial, entrepreneurship, innovative, development, innovations, creation, creative, processes
71 Environmental Studies 0.0104101 local, regional, national, regions, governments, level, region, central, development, authorities
64 Business 0.0104001 multinational, host, home, country, mncs, mnes, international, subsidiaries, strategies, multinationals
5 Business 0.0102623 performance, relationship, organizational, relationships, impact, role, findings, effects, profitability, positive
49 Management 0.0101903 technology, science, technological, transfer, industry, scientific, innovation, development, university, universities
16 Business 0.0100674 ties, innovation, emerging, capabilities, resources, resource, market, external, network, firm
41 Business 0.0099990 ethics, ethical, moral, behavior, codes, conduct, self, morality, behaviour, beliefs
50 Environmental Studies 0.0099260 development, approaches, diversity, issue, sustainable, issues, agenda, ecosystem, special, ecological
62 Law 0.0097612 litigation, judicial, courts, cases, liability, court, judges, lawsuits, actions, class
34 Management 0.0096928 management, systems, crisis, manage, managing, resources, resource, organisational, fisheries, human
53 Business 0.0093652 competition, enforcement, antitrust, market, law, competitive, merger, mergers, laws, monopoly
20 Economics 0.0093513 state, enterprises, owned, soes, enterprise, controlled, non, ownership, privately, soe
7 Law 0.0093155 law, rule, shareholders, shareholder, duty, delaware, corporations, directors, fiduciary, corporation
22 Economics 0.0092254 financial, protection, laws, finance, financing, legal, investor, leverage, institutions, markets
45 Law 0.0092227 control, legislation, act, industry, legislative, canada, canadian, threat, tobacco, legislators
31 Economics 0.0092084 economics, education, university, students, comparative, school, journal, training, studies, schools
56 Social Sciences 0.0090503 global, globalization, world, transnational, national, capitalism, corporations, increasingly, nation, argue
58 Economics 0.0089823 trade, domestic, export, border, cross, international, wto, agreement, free, exports
10 Law 0.0088726 information, data, personal, use, privacy, protection, individuals, collection, collected, access
48 Unclear 0.0088715 compliance, disclosure, reporting, companies, audit, reports, report, requirements, quality, fraud
77 Business 0.0086852 capital, entrepreneurs, venture, ventures, start, joint, high, may, entrepreneurial, success
1 Political Science 0.0084809 international, politics, security, war, military, national, world, nations, states, united
60 Economics 0.0084452 uncertainty, cash, intervention, find, related, flow, high, associated, positively, negatively
84 Business 0.0083161 board, directors, boards, executive, executives, compensation, ceo, ceos, pay, firm
59 Social Sciences 0.0083080 media, news, communication, press, coverage, content, analysis, journalists, role, newspapers
15 Social Sciences 0.0082038 cultural, culture, india, indian, language, popular, production, french, cultures, film
91 Law 0.0081963 work, professional, lawyers, practice, law, legal, clients, professionals, profession, expertise
27 Unclear 0.0078321 china, chinese, chinas, hong, taiwan, kong, development, market, singapore, western
90 Political Science 0.0077984 administration, president, office, opposition, federal, authority, defense, prime, presidential, executive
57 Economics 0.0077613 risk, debt, risks, credit, taking, cost, bond, higher, increase, associated
54 Political Science 0.0077043 reform, reforms, transparency, brazil, brazilian, development, accountability, however, nigeria, lack
99 Law 0.0076990 corporations, citizens, free, first, amendment, speech, scrutiny, united, campaign, right
97 Management 0.0076774 smes, small, medium, enterprises, sized, support, competitiveness, procurement, sme, assistance
39 Political Science 0.0076245 lobbying, seeking, activity, action, capture, collective, activities, rent, game, influence
86 Economics 0.0074017 economy, bank, banks, banking, crisis, system, lending, transition, shadow, central
42 Environmental Studies 0.0073063 services, service, provision, goods, municipal, waste, governments, delivery, providers, provide
4 Environmental Studies 0.0072960 emissions, carbon, reduction, climate, subsidies, reduce, emission, will, reductions, greenhouse
17 Law 0.0072943 contract, contracts, claims, parties, agreements, disputes, arbitration, provisions, contracting, terms
82 Environmental Studies 0.0071408 land, areas, use, rural, area, spatial, urban, planning, development, zones
2 Environmental Studies 0.0071164 mining, resource, indigenous, companies, resources, extractive, natural, industry, industries, mineral
38 Environmental Studies 0.0071028 urban, city, cities, housing, space, development, real, estate, london, social
6 Environmental Studies 0.0070825 power, electricity, generation, nuclear, distribution, industry, plants, disaster, market, electric
92 Social Sciences 0.0068886 relations, conflict, conflicts, violence, asia, cooperation, peace, diplomacy, pacific, issues
14 Business 0.0066517 labor, standards, unions, bargaining, union, wage, standard, minimum, collective, conditions
18 Environmental Studies 0.0065569 efficiency, energy, scenarios, scenario, efficient, policies, saving, consumption, use, conservation
83 Business 0.0065540 managers, accounting, managerial, adoption, earnings, incentive, evidence, incentives, management, top
51 Law 0.0065179 investors, funds, fund, equity, investment, pension, wealth, financial, companies, mutual
26 Environmental Studies 0.0065143 environmental, green, environment, pollution, voluntary, environmentally, industry, pressures, concerns, polluting
44 Environmental Studies 0.0062837 oil, gas, australian, australia, natural, coal, industry, production, companies, development
75 Environmental Studies 0.0062549 energy, technologies, solar, transition, models, market, support, model, low, renewable
40 Unclear 0.0060479 corruption, anti, officials, bribery, corrupt, enforcement, official, illegal, practices, bureaucrats
93 Social Sciences 0.0060367 internet, online, digital, platform, companies, platforms, intelligence, intermediaries, surveillance, mobile
89 Unclear 0.0060331 marketing, russian, russia, demand, brand, advertising, market, sales, soviet, company
12 Law 0.0059540 property, patent, intellectual, patents, licensing, drug, pharmaceutical, copyright, innovation, industry
85 Unclear 0.0057215 consumers, consumer, trust, food, safety, products, consumption, producers, product, industry
25 Environmental Studies 0.0056800 community, supply, communities, forest, chain, chains, timber, value, forestry, certification
74 Law 0.0047617 health, insurance, care, medical, sports, industry, companies, pharmaceutical, medicine, system
35 Environmental Studies 0.0046934 agricultural, farmers, farm, agriculture, payments, household, households, production, population, farming
96 Unclear 0.0046797 family, members, diversification, minority, families, research, children, implications, controlled, principal
23 Environmental Studies 0.0044181 energy, side, renewable, capacity, demand, wind, policies, development, mexican, sector
61 Environmental Studies 0.0033575 water, mexico, resources, company, case, proposition, quality, latin, process, treatment
100 Business 0.0025456 two, system, part, consequences, reorganization, production, will, may, describes, first
a <- labelTopics(df_stm, topics = c(1:i))

topic_full_description <- tibble(Topic = a$topicnums,
       frex = as_tibble(a$frex) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull(),
       prob = as_tibble(a$prob) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull(),
       lift = as_tibble(a$lift) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull(),
       score = as_tibble(a$score) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull())

topic_full_table <- topic_field_gamma %>%
  left_join(topic_full_description %>% janitor::clean_names() %>% mutate(topic = as.factor(topic))) %>%
  select(-terms)

topic_full_table %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic field gamma frex prob lift score
21 Business 0.0237373 research, literature, insights, academic, researchers, field, theoretical research, literature, studies, analysis, theoretical, empirical, understanding journals, research, researchers, topic, publications, methodological, topics journals, research, literature, academic, researchers, studies, review
66 Business 0.0228728 factors, survey, variables, perceptions, indicators, regression, differences factors, results, survey, influence, differences, using, variables satisfaction, indicators, predictors, factors, perceptions, scores, respondents satisfaction, factors, survey, variables, indicators, results, regression
30 Economics 0.0214012 firm, effect, entry, size, industries, level, increases firm, level, effect, find, industries, effects, results entrants, entry, firm, database, heterogeneity, exit, survival entrants, firm, entry, effect, industries, size, level
19 Business 0.0188903 leaders, just, people, justice, good, think, sense will, leaders, one, people, make, good, many virtue, leader, something, think, feel, leaders, get virtue, leaders, people, justice, leader, leadership, think
88 Social Sciences 0.0181628 identity, citizenship, discourse, discourses, movement, movements, discursive social, identity, discourse, practices, within, movement, forms citizenship, identity, narratives, discourses, meanings, understandings, discursive citizenship, social, identity, discourse, discourses, neoliberal, discursive
67 Business 0.0172165 leadership, history, works, essay, second, section, discussion first, second, leadership, two, history, three, recent books, essay, works, brief, concluding, book, leadership books, leadership, essay, history, section, works, second
8 Economics 0.0160079 rate, cycles, monetary, unemployment, cycle, macroeconomic, inflation rate, model, models, cycle, time, period, empirical inflation, unemployment, cycles, monetary, currency, macroeconomic, curve inflation, cycle, cycles, rate, unemployment, monetary, macroeconomic
98 Economics 0.0159846 stock, value, returns, connected, equity, event, politically value, market, stock, companies, find, returns, connected abnormal, stock, announcement, returns, connected, value, traded abnormal, stock, value, returns, connected, equity, listed
76 Political Science 0.0158397 actors, organizations, governmental, ngos, partnerships, society, civil actors, organizations, society, governmental, civil, non, legitimacy ngo, ngos, actors, nongovernmental, collaborative, partnerships, advocacy ngo, actors, organizations, ngos, civil, society, partnerships
65 Economics 0.0154498 shocks, productivity, volatility, spending, fiscal, output, aggregate model, fiscal, productivity, spending, shocks, cycle, output volatility, shocks, cyclical, fluctuations, expenditure, productivity, output volatility, shocks, fiscal, spending, productivity, cycle, output
94 Political Science 0.0144825 party, electoral, election, elections, voters, vote, voting party, election, electoral, elections, parties, politicians, voting votes, vote, voters, party, voter, candidates, voting votes, party, electoral, election, elections, voting, voters
81 Economics 0.0141024 privatization, optimal, welfare, privatized, equilibrium, profits, maximizing privatization, welfare, optimal, may, model, market, privatized privatize, privatization, optimal, maximizing, privatizations, surplus, privatized privatize, privatization, optimal, welfare, privatized, equilibrium, maximizing
87 Business 0.0137951 institutions, networks, formal, informal, institutional, norms, network institutions, institutional, social, networks, formal, markets, market favors, informal, networks, formal, institutions, logics, societies favors, institutions, institutional, networks, informal, social, formal
78 Law 0.0136314 federal, note, constitutional, clause, congress, statutes, court federal, states, court, state, courts, note, act clause, statutes, note, federal, comment, federalism, constitutional clause, federal, courts, court, supreme, constitutional, congress
52 Political Science 0.0135639 left, preferences, ideology, democracies, right, advanced, wing governments, states, united, policies, support, right, preferences wing, democracies, left, ideology, france, preferences, industrialized wing, democracies, left, right, ideology, preferences, democracy
46 Business 0.0135095 countries, country, developing, cross, differences, across, higher countries, country, developing, across, higher, cross, developed dividend, countries, country, developing, oecd, ratio, ratios dividend, countries, country, developing, higher, cross, oecd
33 Business 0.0133585 european, europe, strategic, union, british, integration, eastern european, strategic, europe, union, strategy, process, development defence, european, europe, eastern, poland, british, alliances defence, european, europe, strategic, union, british, integration
47 Political Science 0.0129036 police, neo, neoliberal, state, liberal, administrative, policing state, states, administrative, role, neoliberal, liberal, police policing, police, neo, corporatism, apparatus, polity, bureaucracies policing, state, police, neoliberal, neo, liberal, administrative
43 Law 0.0127902 bankruptcy, rules, entity, law, insolvency, assets, company law, rules, legal, company, bankruptcy, assets, limited insolvency, entity, bankruptcy, proceedings, secured, rules, creditors insolvency, law, bankruptcy, rules, creditors, legal, liability
55 Management 0.0127269 project, program, projects, programs, evaluation, assessment, criteria project, projects, process, programs, program, development, implementation pilot, program, project, evaluation, projects, criteria, programs pilot, project, projects, program, programs, evaluation, criteria
28 Social Sciences 0.0123178 century, american, african, black, north, africa, class american, century, south, class, africa, african, early black, nineteenth, twentieth, century, african, revolution, north black, south, century, africa, american, class, african
37 Law 0.0119424 criminal, human, crime, legal, treaty, violations, obligations legal, law, human, international, criminal, crime, corporations crimes, crime, criminal, treaty, human, sanctions, abuses crimes, human, legal, criminal, law, crime, international
73 Unclear 0.0119087 theory, values, theories, philosophy, paradigm, normative, arguments theory, values, theories, arguments, normative, paradigm, view philosophical, philosophy, theorists, theory, values, theories, paradigm philosophical, theory, values, theories, philosophy, normative, theorists
36 Business 0.0118552 japanese, japan, korea, industrial, german, korean, steel industrial, industry, japanese, japan, german, korea, production steel, japanese, korea, japan, japans, korean, german steel, japanese, industrial, japan, korea, korean, german
72 Law 0.0118058 regulatory, regulation, regulations, costs, regulators, regulated, price regulatory, regulation, costs, regulations, cost, price, market quantity, regulatory, regulation, regulator, regulated, regulators, regulations quantity, regulatory, regulation, costs, price, regulations, prices
63 Environmental Studies 0.0117845 sustainability, practices, stakeholder, stakeholders, sustainable, strategies, john practices, companies, sustainability, strategies, strategy, sustainable, stakeholders erp, wiley, sons, sustainability, john, drivers, stakeholder erp, sustainability, practices, stakeholder, wiley, sustainable, sons
68 Business 0.0117636 change, changes, term, long, short, climate, shifts change, changes, term, long, climate, short, time momentum, change, changes, term, short, shifts, climate momentum, change, climate, changes, term, long, short
11 Political Science 0.0115212 groups, group, interest, elites, interests, elite, associations groups, interest, interests, group, elite, making, elites pluralism, groups, group, elites, interest, swedish, elite pluralism, groups, interest, interests, group, elites, elite
70 Economics 0.0114920 growth, small, scale, large, loan, businesses, per growth, small, large, businesses, scale, size, per guaranteed, loan, growth, scale, small, capita, per guaranteed, small, growth, large, loan, businesses, scale
29 Business 0.0112520 connections, institutional, positive, internationalization, negative, listed, philanthropy institutional, connections, positive, effect, findings, support, negative philanthropy, connections, affiliation, signaling, charitable, theorize, internationalization philanthropy, connections, institutional, internationalization, listed, positive, positively
3 Business 0.0111729 csr, responsibility, responsible, social, socially, responsibilities, stakeholders social, csr, responsibility, responsible, companies, corporations, socially csr, responsibility, responsible, responsibilities, socially, social, responsiveness csr, responsibility, social, responsible, responsibilities, socially, stakeholders
80 Environmental Studies 0.0109466 elsevier, reserved, ltd, tourism, inc, published, travel elsevier, reserved, ltd, inc, industry, published, tourism tourism, travel, elsevier, reserved, ltd, inc, crown tourism, elsevier, reserved, ltd, inc, published, travel
24 Political Science 0.0108812 private, agencies, sector, agency, sectors, administrative, nonprofit private, sector, agencies, agency, sectors, administrative, role proven, private, agencies, sector, nonprofit, mission, agency private, proven, sector, agencies, agency, sectors, nonprofit
9 Economics 0.0108703 foreign, fdi, investment, direct, investments, attract, outward foreign, investment, direct, fdi, investments, domestic, location outward, fdi, foreign, investment, attract, investments, direct outward, foreign, investment, fdi, investments, direct, domestic
32 Social Sciences 0.0108236 women, labour, gender, workers, employment, womens, female employment, workers, labour, women, employees, gender, work sex, women, labour, womens, sexual, gender, female sex, women, workers, employment, labour, gender, employees
69 Management 0.0107211 telecommunications, commerce, space, electronic, software, technologies, smart will, model, technologies, space, telecommunications, commerce, technology smart, electronic, telecommunications, computer, virtual, software, user smart, telecommunications, commerce, technologies, electronic, software, technology
13 Economics 0.0106347 tax, revenue, taxation, taxes, income, avoidance, revenues tax, income, taxes, revenue, taxation, rates, revenues taxpayers, tax, taxation, revenue, taxes, avoidance, income tax, taxpayers, income, taxes, revenue, taxation, avoidance
95 Unclear 0.0105413 governance, ownership, structures, privatisation, concentration, mechanisms, structure governance, ownership, structures, control, structure, mechanisms, transition privatised, privatisation, governance, ownership, structures, transitional, concentration privatised, governance, ownership, privatisation, structures, control, transition
79 Management 0.0105397 knowledge, entrepreneurship, innovative, entrepreneurial, innovation, innovations, creative knowledge, innovation, entrepreneurial, entrepreneurship, innovative, development, innovations creativity, entrepreneurship, innovative, knowledge, creative, entrepreneurial, innovations creativity, innovation, knowledge, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial, innovative, creative
71 Environmental Studies 0.0104101 regional, local, regions, region, decentralization, authorities, decentralized local, regional, national, regions, governments, level, region decentralization, regional, regions, local, region, decentralized, centralized decentralization, local, regional, regions, region, national, authorities
64 Business 0.0104001 mncs, multinational, mnes, subsidiaries, home, host, multinationals multinational, host, home, country, mncs, mnes, international mnc, mne, mncs, subsidiaries, mnes, subsidiary, multinationals mnc, multinational, mnes, mncs, host, subsidiaries, subsidiary
5 Business 0.0102623 performance, organizational, relationship, relationships, networking, profitability, orientation performance, relationship, organizational, relationships, impact, role, findings networking, performance, organizational, relationships, relationship, profitability, team networking, performance, organizational, relationship, relationships, profitability, orientation
49 Management 0.0101903 science, scientific, technology, transfer, technological, biotechnology, commercialization technology, science, technological, transfer, industry, scientific, innovation park, biotechnology, scientific, commercialization, institutes, transfer, science park, technology, science, technological, transfer, scientific, innovation
16 Business 0.0100674 ties, capabilities, capability, emerging, relational, suppliers, supplier ties, innovation, emerging, capabilities, resources, resource, market ties, capability, capabilities, supplier, relational, mediating, antecedents ties, innovation, capabilities, capability, resource, network, relational
41 Business 0.0099990 ethical, ethics, moral, morality, codes, conduct, beliefs ethics, ethical, moral, behavior, codes, conduct, self morality, ethical, ethics, moral, codes, unethical, reasoning morality, ethics, ethical, moral, codes, unethical, reasoning
50 Environmental Studies 0.0099260 diversity, approaches, ecosystem, ecological, agenda, sustainable, special development, approaches, diversity, issue, sustainable, issues, agenda biodiversity, ecosystem, diversity, ecological, ecosystems, conference, approaches biodiversity, ecosystem, diversity, ecological, sustainable, approaches, agenda
62 Law 0.0097612 litigation, judges, lawsuits, judicial, tort, plaintiffs, defendants litigation, judicial, courts, cases, liability, court, judges defendants, litigation, lawsuits, suits, tort, judges, plaintiffs defendants, litigation, courts, judicial, liability, court, judges
34 Management 0.0096928 management, fisheries, managing, manage, organisational, fishing, marine management, systems, crisis, manage, managing, resources, resource fisheries, fishing, management, marine, resilience, organisational, adaptive fisheries, management, fishing, marine, organisational, resilience, resource
53 Business 0.0093652 antitrust, competition, enforcement, merger, mergers, monopoly, vertical competition, enforcement, antitrust, market, law, competitive, merger antitrust, merger, monopolies, competition, enforcement, mergers, vertical antitrust, competition, enforcement, merger, mergers, law, monopoly
20 Economics 0.0093513 owned, soes, enterprises, state, soe, controlled, enterprise state, enterprises, owned, soes, enterprise, controlled, non soe, soes, owned, privately, enterprises, controlled, enterprise soe, owned, soes, enterprises, state, ownership, controlled
7 Law 0.0093155 rule, delaware, shareholders, duty, shareholder, fiduciary, takeover law, rule, shareholders, shareholder, duty, delaware, corporations delaware, fiduciary, rule, duty, takeover, shareholders, shareholder delaware, shareholders, rule, shareholder, law, fiduciary, duty
22 Economics 0.0092254 financial, finance, financing, protection, laws, investor, leverage financial, protection, laws, finance, financing, legal, investor creditor, finance, financial, financing, distress, leverage, investor creditor, financial, protection, finance, investor, financing, laws
45 Law 0.0092227 legislation, canada, canadian, tobacco, legislative, act, control control, legislation, act, industry, legislative, canada, canadian tobacco, legislation, canadian, canada, passage, passed, legislative tobacco, legislation, control, legislative, act, canadian, industry
31 Economics 0.0092084 students, school, education, economics, schools, university, journal economics, education, university, students, comparative, school, journal graduate, students, school, teaching, schools, courses, education graduate, education, students, university, economics, school, schools
56 Social Sciences 0.0090503 globalization, global, transnational, capitalism, nation, borders, world global, globalization, world, transnational, national, capitalism, corporations debated, globalization, global, transnational, globalisation, borders, globalized global, debated, transnational, globalization, capitalism, world, national
58 Economics 0.0089823 trade, border, wto, export, exports, import, domestic trade, domestic, export, border, cross, international, wto wto, trade, border, exports, import, export, accession wto, trade, export, border, domestic, exports, import
10 Law 0.0088726 information, personal, data, privacy, collection, individuals, collected information, data, personal, use, privacy, protection, individuals privacy, information, personal, data, collection, collect, processing privacy, information, data, personal, protection, collection, individuals
48 Unclear 0.0088715 disclosure, audit, compliance, reporting, auditors, disclosures, report compliance, disclosure, reporting, companies, audit, reports, report audit, auditors, disclosures, disclosure, auditing, sarbanes, oxley audit, disclosure, compliance, reporting, auditors, fraud, reports
77 Business 0.0086852 venture, capital, ventures, entrepreneurs, start, joint, ups capital, entrepreneurs, venture, ventures, start, joint, high capitalists, venture, ventures, ups, entrepreneurs, capital, start capitalists, capital, entrepreneurs, venture, ventures, start, entrepreneurial
1 Political Science 0.0084809 security, military, politics, international, war, cold, nations international, politics, security, war, military, national, world dangerous, security, military, cold, politics, war, wars dangerous, politics, international, security, war, military, cold
60 Economics 0.0084452 uncertainty, cash, intervention, flow, holdings, negatively, positively uncertainty, cash, intervention, find, related, flow, high holdings, uncertainty, cash, flow, pronounced, intervention, exposure holdings, uncertainty, cash, flow, positively, loans, negatively
84 Business 0.0083161 boards, board, directors, ceos, executives, ceo, compensation board, directors, boards, executive, executives, compensation, ceo ceos, ceo, boards, board, compensation, executives, directors ceos, board, directors, boards, ceo, executive, compensation
59 Social Sciences 0.0083080 media, news, journalists, press, newspapers, coverage, communication media, news, communication, press, coverage, content, analysis journalists, media, news, newspapers, newspaper, frames, press journalists, media, news, coverage, newspapers, press, communication
15 Social Sciences 0.0082038 cultural, culture, indian, india, film, language, cultures cultural, culture, india, indian, language, popular, production film, indian, cultural, culture, india, cultures, language film, cultural, culture, indian, india, language, cultures
91 Law 0.0081963 professional, lawyers, profession, professionals, work, clients, consultants work, professional, lawyers, practice, law, legal, clients associates, professional, profession, lawyers, professionals, professions, consultants associates, lawyers, professional, work, profession, clients, professionals
27 Unclear 0.0078321 hong, china, chinas, kong, chinese, singapore, taiwan china, chinese, chinas, hong, taiwan, kong, development kong, hong, singapore, chinas, china, chinese, taiwanese kong, china, chinese, chinas, hong, taiwan, singapore
90 Political Science 0.0077984 president, office, administration, prime, opposition, presidents, minister administration, president, office, opposition, federal, authority, defense presidents, president, minister, prime, office, ministers, administrations presidents, president, office, administration, opposition, presidential, defense
57 Economics 0.0077613 risk, debt, risks, bond, credit, taking, default risk, debt, risks, credit, taking, cost, bond bond, risk, debt, risks, bonds, credit, borrowing bond, risk, debt, credit, risks, default, taking
54 Political Science 0.0077043 brazil, reforms, reform, brazilian, transparency, nigeria, accountability reform, reforms, transparency, brazil, brazilian, development, accountability nigeria, brazil, brazilian, reforms, transparency, reform, petroleum nigeria, reforms, reform, transparency, brazil, brazilian, petroleum
99 Law 0.0076990 citizens, amendment, speech, free, scrutiny, corporations, campaign corporations, citizens, free, first, amendment, speech, scrutiny speech, amendment, citizens, scrutiny, free, rationales, records speech, amendment, citizens, free, corporations, campaign, court
97 Management 0.0076774 smes, medium, sized, sme, competitiveness, small, procurement smes, small, medium, enterprises, sized, support, competitiveness sme, smes, sized, medium, procurement, ireland, competitiveness sme, smes, medium, sized, small, enterprises, procurement
39 Political Science 0.0076245 seeking, lobbying, rent, capture, collective, activity, game lobbying, seeking, activity, action, capture, collective, activities rent, seeking, lobbying, rents, capture, lobby, game rent, lobbying, seeking, capture, rents, lobby, collective
86 Economics 0.0074017 banks, bank, banking, economy, shadow, lending, crisis economy, bank, banks, banking, crisis, system, lending shadow, banking, banks, bank, economy, lending, reserve shadow, economy, banks, bank, banking, lending, crisis
42 Environmental Studies 0.0073063 services, service, provision, waste, municipal, goods, delivery services, service, provision, goods, municipal, waste, governments solid, services, service, waste, municipal, delivery, provision solid, services, service, waste, municipal, provision, delivery
4 Environmental Studies 0.0072960 emissions, carbon, reduction, emission, greenhouse, reductions, subsidies emissions, carbon, reduction, climate, subsidies, reduce, emission abatement, greenhouse, emissions, emission, carbon, reductions, mitigation abatement, emissions, carbon, emission, greenhouse, reduction, climate
17 Law 0.0072943 contract, contracts, arbitration, disputes, contracting, claims, agreements contract, contracts, claims, parties, agreements, disputes, arbitration arbitration, contract, contracts, contracting, disputes, contractual, resolution arbitration, contract, contracts, disputes, claims, dispute, agreements
82 Environmental Studies 0.0071408 land, spatial, rural, zones, areas, area, town land, areas, use, rural, area, spatial, urban land, zones, spatial, coastal, rural, town, landscapes land, rural, urban, spatial, zones, planning, areas
2 Environmental Studies 0.0071164 mining, indigenous, extractive, resource, mineral, gold, extraction mining, resource, indigenous, companies, resources, extractive, natural gold, mining, mineral, indigenous, extractive, ghana, mines gold, mining, resource, indigenous, extractive, mineral, extraction
38 Environmental Studies 0.0071028 city, housing, cities, urban, estate, london, space urban, city, cities, housing, space, development, real housing, city, cities, london, estate, urban, developers housing, urban, city, cities, estate, space, london
6 Environmental Studies 0.0070825 power, nuclear, electricity, generation, plants, disaster, electric power, electricity, generation, nuclear, distribution, industry, plants nuclear, power, plants, electricity, disaster, generation, utilities nuclear, power, electricity, generation, plants, electric, utilities
92 Social Sciences 0.0068886 conflict, relations, peace, violence, conflicts, diplomacy, asia relations, conflict, conflicts, violence, asia, cooperation, peace peace, conflict, diplomacy, relations, violent, violence, pacific peace, relations, conflict, conflicts, violence, diplomacy, violent
14 Business 0.0066517 labor, unions, bargaining, standards, wage, minimum, union labor, standards, unions, bargaining, union, wage, standard block, unions, labor, bargaining, minimum, child, standards block, labor, unions, standards, bargaining, wage, union
18 Environmental Studies 0.0065569 efficiency, scenarios, scenario, saving, energy, efficient, savings efficiency, energy, scenarios, scenario, efficient, policies, saving saving, efficiency, scenarios, scenario, savings, energy, conservation saving, energy, efficiency, scenarios, scenario, conservation, consumption
83 Business 0.0065540 managers, accounting, earnings, managerial, incentive, adoption, senior managers, accounting, managerial, adoption, earnings, incentive, evidence earnings, managers, accounting, incentive, managerial, discretionary, adoption earnings, managers, accounting, managerial, adoption, incentive, management
51 Law 0.0065179 funds, fund, pension, investors, mutual, wealth, equity investors, funds, fund, equity, investment, pension, wealth pension, funds, fund, mutual, passive, portfolio, portfolios pension, funds, investors, fund, securities, investment, equity
26 Environmental Studies 0.0065143 environmental, green, pollution, environmentally, voluntary, polluting, environment environmental, green, environment, pollution, voluntary, environmentally, industry green, environmental, environmentally, polluting, pollution, degradation, chemical green, environmental, pollution, environmentally, polluting, voluntary, chemical
44 Environmental Studies 0.0062837 australia, oil, australian, coal, gas, natural, australias oil, gas, australian, australia, natural, coal, industry coal, australia, australias, australian, oil, gas, petroleum coal, oil, gas, australian, australia, natural, australias
75 Environmental Studies 0.0062549 solar, technologies, energy, clean, transition, renewable, deployment energy, technologies, solar, transition, models, market, support solar, niche, clean, deployment, grid, renewable, transitions solar, energy, renewable, technologies, clean, carbon, transition
40 Unclear 0.0060479 corruption, bribery, anti, corrupt, officials, official, illegal corruption, anti, officials, bribery, corrupt, enforcement, official bribery, corruption, corrupt, anti, officials, red, official bribery, corruption, anti, corrupt, officials, enforcement, illegal
93 Social Sciences 0.0060367 online, platform, internet, digital, intelligence, surveillance, platforms internet, online, digital, platform, companies, platforms, intelligence surveillance, platform, intelligence, online, platforms, internet, digital surveillance, internet, digital, online, platforms, platform, intelligence
89 Unclear 0.0060331 russian, marketing, advertising, russia, brand, soviet, sales marketing, russian, russia, demand, brand, advertising, market advertising, russian, marketing, car, soviet, russia, segments advertising, marketing, russian, russia, brand, soviet, brands
12 Law 0.0059540 patent, intellectual, patents, property, licensing, drug, pharmaceutical property, patent, intellectual, patents, licensing, drug, pharmaceutical patent, patents, intellectual, licensing, property, licenses, drug patent, property, patents, intellectual, licensing, drug, pharmaceutical
85 Unclear 0.0057215 consumer, trust, food, consumers, safety, producers, products consumers, consumer, trust, food, safety, products, consumption food, trust, consumer, safety, consumers, producers, confidence food, consumers, consumer, trust, safety, products, consumption
25 Environmental Studies 0.0056800 forest, chain, supply, community, timber, communities, chains community, supply, communities, forest, chain, chains, timber timber, forests, chain, forest, forestry, supply, community timber, forest, supply, community, chain, communities, forests
74 Law 0.0047617 care, insurance, health, medical, sports, medicine, pharmaceutical health, insurance, care, medical, sports, industry, companies medical, care, insurance, health, sports, medicine, affordable medical, health, insurance, care, sports, medicine, pharmaceutical
35 Environmental Studies 0.0046934 farmers, farm, agricultural, agriculture, household, payments, farming agricultural, farmers, farm, agriculture, payments, household, households farm, farmers, farming, agriculture, agricultural, household, payments farm, farmers, agricultural, agriculture, payments, farming, household
96 Unclear 0.0046797 family, families, children, diversification, members, minority, manuscript family, members, diversification, minority, families, research, children family, families, children, findingsinsights, manuscript, theoreticalacademic, questionissue family, families, members, diversification, children, theoreticalacademic, practitionerpolicy
23 Environmental Studies 0.0044181 side, renewable, wind, capacity, mexican, energy, demand energy, side, renewable, capacity, demand, wind, policies wind, side, mexican, renewable, fuels, fossil, offshore wind, energy, renewable, side, mexican, fossil, demand
61 Environmental Studies 0.0033575 water, mexico, proposition, latin, chile, mexican, utilities water, mexico, resources, company, case, proposition, quality water, mexico, proposition, chile, unintended, argentina, mexican water, mexico, proposition, utilities, mexican, latin, chile
100 Business 0.0025456 reorganization, consequences, describes, part, two, underlying, system two, system, part, consequences, reorganization, production, will reorganization, describes, prevailing, reaching, compares, consequences, recommended reorganization, production, describes, system, consequences, part, team
short_docs <- meta %>%
    as_tibble() %>%
    select(abstract) %>%
    mutate(abstract = str_sub(abstract, 1, 800))

topic_thoughts <- findThoughts(df_stm, topic = c(1:i), texts = short_docs$abstract, n = 1)

topic_top_docs <- as_tibble(topic_thoughts$index) %>%
  janitor::clean_names() %>%
  pivot_longer(everything()) %>%
  left_join(short_docs %>% mutate(value = row_number())) %>%
  rename(topic = name, doc_index = value, short_abstract = abstract) %>%
  mutate(topic = str_remove(topic, "topic_")) 

table_final <- topic_full_table %>%
  left_join(topic_top_docs) %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)

# network
net <- topicCorr(df_stm, cutoff = 0.05)
net <- net$posadj
net <- network::network(net, directed = F)
net %v% "term" = as.character(topic_best_term$term)
net %v% "topic" = as.character(topic_best_term$topic)

y = RColorBrewer::brewer.pal(9, "Set3")
names(y) = levels(as.factor(topic_best_term$term))

ggnet2(net, color = "term", palette = y, alpha = 0.75,
       size = 4, edge.alpha = 0.5,node.label = "topic",
       node.size = 5) +
  labs(title = "Topic Correlations",
       subtitle = "Nodes indicate topics, edges indicate correlation between topics")

#rm(net, topic_best_term)

# plot(prep, "months_since_first_pub",
#      method = "continuous", topics = c(,),
#      model = z, printlegend = F,
#      xaxt = "n", xlab = "Time (1991-2020)")
# monthseq <- seq(from = as.Date("1990-01-01"),
#                 to = as.Date("2021-12-31"), by = "month")
# monthnames <- months(monthseq)
# axis(1,at = as.numeric(monthseq) - min(as.numeric(monthseq)))
# 
i <- 120
df_stm <- k_result %>% 
  filter(K == i) %>% 
  pull(topic_model) %>% 
  .[[1]]

df_stm_td <- tidy(df_stm)

top_terms <- df_stm_td %>%
  arrange(beta) %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  top_n(10, beta) %>%
  arrange(-beta) %>%
  select(topic, term) %>%
  summarise(terms = list(term)) %>%
  mutate(terms = map(terms, paste, collapse = ", ")) %>%
  unnest(cols = c(terms))

td_gamma <- tidy(df_stm, matrix = "gamma",
                 document_names = rownames(df_stm))

gamma_terms <- td_gamma %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  summarise(gamma = mean(gamma)) %>%
  arrange(desc(gamma)) %>%
  left_join(top_terms, by = "topic") %>%
  mutate(topic = paste0("Topic ", topic),
         topic = reorder(topic, gamma))

gamma_terms %>%
  top_n(floor(nrow(gamma_terms) * .3), gamma) %>%
  ggplot(aes(topic, gamma, label = terms)) +
  geom_col(aes(color = "black"), alpha = 0.8, show.legend = FALSE, color = "white") +
  geom_text(hjust = 0, nudge_y = 0.0005, size = 3) +
  coord_flip() +
  scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0,0),
                     limits = c(0, 0.09),
                     labels = percent_format()) +
  labs(x = NULL, y = expression(gamma),
       title = "Top 20 topics by prevalence",
       subtitle = "With the top words that contribute to each topic") 

gamma_terms %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic gamma terms
Topic 21 0.0219164 research, literature, studies, theoretical, analysis, empirical, field, framework, understanding, implications
Topic 66 0.0217237 factors, results, survey, using, influence, differences, variables, found, findings, significant
Topic 30 0.0181278 firm, level, effect, industries, find, effects, size, results, entry, industry
Topic 98 0.0157851 value, stock, market, find, returns, results, connected, significant, effect, impact
Topic 67 0.0153504 first, second, historical, recent, history, review, two, discussion, three, section
Topic 8 0.0151264 rate, model, models, cycle, time, cycles, period, empirical, monetary, data
Topic 88 0.0150180 social, identity, discourse, neoliberal, citizenship, within, practices, movement, forms, contemporary
Topic 65 0.0143554 model, productivity, fiscal, shocks, spending, output, cycle, real, aggregate, volatility
Topic 19 0.0141561 action, justice, argue, view, notion, one, individuals, within, sense, terms
Topic 76 0.0139957 organizations, actors, society, governmental, non, civil, governance, legitimacy, partnerships, ngos
Topic 111 0.0136781 many, past, century, years, will, even, one, much, time, decades
Topic 81 0.0131465 privatization, welfare, optimal, may, model, market, privatized, equilibrium, profit, show
Topic 94 0.0124994 party, election, electoral, parties, elections, campaign, contributions, voting, voters, vote
Topic 46 0.0124168 countries, country, developing, cross, across, higher, developed, differences, high, world
Topic 87 0.0121767 institutions, institutional, networks, social, market, markets, formal, informal, organizational, norms
Topic 52 0.0115524 governments, support, preferences, right, left, policies, ideology, advanced, conservative, democracies
Topic 7 0.0112606 law, legal, rule, common, duty, delaware, fiduciary, duties, judgment, rules
Topic 72 0.0108796 regulatory, regulation, costs, regulations, cost, price, market, prices, regulators, regulated
Topic 78 0.0104841 courts, court, note, federal, supreme, constitutional, act, doctrine, congress, clause
Topic 29 0.0104580 institutional, connections, effect, positive, findings, negative, support, effects, influence, using
Topic 68 0.0103590 change, changes, long, term, short, time, shifts, market, response, run
Topic 55 0.0101028 project, projects, programs, program, implementation, process, evaluation, assessment, development, based
Topic 70 0.0100985 growth, small, large, businesses, scale, size, employment, loan, number, smaller
Topic 103 0.0100773 development, industrial, industry, technological, research, policies, knowledge, funding, cooperative, stage
Topic 33 0.0100431 european, strategic, europe, strategy, integration, union, british, process, market, major
Topic 13 0.0098859 tax, income, taxes, revenue, taxation, rates, revenues, avoidance, rate, shifting
Topic 80 0.0098788 elsevier, reserved, ltd, inc, industry, tourism, published, development, interviews, travel
Topic 36 0.0098424 industry, japanese, japan, german, production, korea, industrial, manufacturing, korean, market
Topic 63 0.0097557 practices, sustainability, sustainable, strategies, stakeholders, implementation, stakeholder, model, environment, copyright
Topic 9 0.0096906 investment, foreign, direct, investments, fdi, domestic, investors, invest, attract, governments
Topic 71 0.0096494 national, regional, central, level, regions, region, system, systems, development, coordination
Topic 3 0.0096118 social, csr, responsibility, responsible, socially, responsibilities, activities, stakeholders, initiatives, concept
Topic 102 0.0095909 state, states, united, federal, kingdom, policies, immigration, laws, federalism, national
Topic 11 0.0095674 groups, interest, interests, group, associations, elite, elites, influence, access, membership
Topic 114 0.0094923 role, governance, play, roles, played, arrangements, important, plays, key, brazil
Topic 5 0.0092343 performance, relationship, relationships, impact, findings, organizational, profitability, positive, results, networking
Topic 105 0.0090755 control, governance, shareholders, shareholder, agency, controlling, minority, mechanisms, value, principal
Topic 50 0.0089265 climate, issue, agenda, change, issues, development, diversity, special, approaches, adaptation
Topic 24 0.0089244 private, sector, sectors, agencies, profit, nonprofit, entities, governments, commercial, participation
Topic 20 0.0087370 state, enterprises, owned, soes, enterprise, controlled, non, privately, soe, large
Topic 60 0.0085953 uncertainty, related, find, cash, associated, positively, flow, high, negatively, intervention
Topic 22 0.0085432 financial, protection, finance, financing, crisis, markets, leverage, institutions, investor, laws
Topic 115 0.0085108 making, decision, process, processes, decisions, space, makers, canada, activities, marine
Topic 41 0.0085097 ethical, ethics, moral, behavior, codes, conduct, behaviour, morality, beliefs, self
Topic 16 0.0084908 ties, emerging, network, managerial, capabilities, organizational, market, capability, economies, firm
Topic 101 0.0084251 labour, employment, employees, relations, employee, bargaining, employers, unions, workers, industrial
Topic 43 0.0083822 rules, company, liability, assets, entities, limited, form, entity, law, insolvency
Topic 28 0.0083137 south, class, africa, african, century, black, american, north, capitalist, middle
Topic 10 0.0083055 information, data, personal, privacy, use, protection, individuals, collection, collected, access
Topic 47 0.0082226 administrative, agency, agencies, authority, state, administration, powers, police, bureaucracy, bureaucratic
Topic 58 0.0081696 trade, export, domestic, wto, border, free, agreement, exports, agreements, international
Topic 104 0.0080865 host, home, country, mnes, location, multinational, distance, subsidiaries, international, acquisitions
Topic 27 0.0079441 china, chinese, chinas, comparative, economics, studies, hong, association, taiwan, kong
Topic 118 0.0078720 local, governments, municipal, municipalities, expenditures, population, data, incentives, evidence, find
Topic 34 0.0078566 management, crisis, managing, manage, systems, fisheries, managed, problems, fishing, quality
Topic 53 0.0078442 competition, antitrust, market, competitive, merger, mergers, laws, copyright, product, monopoly
Topic 4 0.0077463 emissions, carbon, reduction, subsidies, scenario, scenarios, climate, emission, reduce, usual
Topic 62 0.0077072 litigation, judicial, cases, courts, liability, judges, lawsuits, court, class, tort
Topic 37 0.0076917 human, criminal, crime, international, corporations, law, principles, obligations, treaty, respect
Topic 100 0.0076466 theory, failure, bankruptcy, may, value, explain, team, economics, problem, creditors
Topic 56 0.0076451 global, globalization, transnational, world, capitalism, national, increasingly, argue, challenges, globally
Topic 95 0.0076231 ownership, transition, economies, structure, concentration, privatisation, governance, czech, shares, owners
Topic 84 0.0075250 directors, board, boards, executive, ceo, compensation, ceos, executives, pay, independent
Topic 69 0.0075044 infrastructure, technologies, telecommunications, solutions, will, model, access, network, communications, technological
Topic 31 0.0074380 education, university, students, skills, training, school, schools, universities, educational, academic
Topic 45 0.0073984 legislation, act, legislative, industry, congress, tobacco, legislators, enacted, passed, passage
Topic 59 0.0073923 media, news, press, coverage, analysis, content, communication, journalists, newspapers, audience
Topic 54 0.0073497 reform, reforms, accountability, transparency, governance, development, lack, nigeria, however, challenges
Topic 117 0.0072042 must, will, systems, threat, threats, intelligence, complex, often, use, requirements
Topic 14 0.0071929 companies, standards, company, standard, will, companys, many, setting, agreements, block
Topic 107 0.0071719 entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial, knowledge, entrepreneurship, start, creation, opportunities, entrepreneur, environment, self
Topic 57 0.0071428 risk, debt, risks, taking, credit, bond, cost, higher, increase, default
Topic 91 0.0069587 work, professional, lawyers, practice, clients, professionals, profession, deal, client, practitioners
Topic 1 0.0069472 international, politics, security, national, domestic, intense, critical, secure, appears, debates
Topic 48 0.0068404 disclosure, reporting, audit, reports, report, quality, auditors, fraud, requirements, securities
Topic 39 0.0068156 activity, lobbying, seeking, capture, activities, rent, politicians, game, influence, lobby
Topic 15 0.0067958 cultural, culture, india, indian, language, french, production, cultures, film, popular
Topic 73 0.0067590 values, democracy, normative, freedom, philosophy, society, theory, democratic, value, approach
Topic 110 0.0067332 environmental, pollution, environment, voluntary, industry, protection, air, pressures, environmentally, concerns
Topic 77 0.0067306 capital, venture, ventures, joint, may, high, mobility, initial, formation, less
Topic 79 0.0067092 design, creative, concept, systems, processes, value, development, thinking, ideas, learning
Topic 64 0.0067067 corporations, multinational, mncs, corporation, strategies, canadian, mnc, multinationals, subsidiaries, subsidiary
Topic 42 0.0066883 services, service, provision, waste, goods, providers, delivery, governments, poor, provide
Topic 38 0.0066500 urban, city, cities, housing, development, real, community, estate, london, social
Topic 6 0.0065941 power, electricity, nuclear, generation, distribution, industry, plants, market, electric, utilities
Topic 86 0.0065934 economy, bank, banks, banking, system, lending, shadow, sharing, crisis, one
Topic 32 0.0065142 women, gender, workers, discrimination, womens, female, employment, men, sex, diversity
Topic 82 0.0063680 land, areas, use, rural, urban, planning, development, spatial, area, landscape
Topic 109 0.0063459 war, world, nations, relations, cooperation, east, asian, america, asia, american
Topic 90 0.0063396 president, opposition, presidential, democratic, opinion, executive, elected, office, presidents, parliamentary
Topic 97 0.0063384 smes, small, medium, enterprises, sized, support, sme, assistance, competitiveness, enterprise
Topic 40 0.0061856 enforcement, compliance, anti, officials, bribery, laws, corrupt, illegal, practices, sanctions
Topic 99 0.0060256 citizens, free, first, speech, amendment, corporations, scrutiny, laws, campaign, right
Topic 119 0.0059871 resources, resource, natural, rich, neo, colonial, popular, nationalism, liberal, developmental
Topic 49 0.0058694 technology, science, transfer, scientific, high, park, tech, capacity, national, scientists
Topic 26 0.0057042 innovation, innovative, green, innovations, product, process, based, products, knowledge, support
Topic 17 0.0056818 claims, parties, disputes, arbitration, provisions, agreements, courts, resolution, dispute, mandatory
Topic 83 0.0056521 managers, accounting, earnings, top, managerial, evidence, inequality, find, prior, based
Topic 108 0.0055926 leaders, leadership, leader, prime, minister, top, ministers, executives, people, career
Topic 2 0.0054782 mining, indigenous, communities, extractive, mineral, industries, industry, development, extraction, gold
Topic 44 0.0054647 oil, gas, australian, australia, coal, industry, production, development, petroleum, natural
Topic 18 0.0054627 efficiency, energy, efficient, policies, saving, use, conservation, savings, technical, consumption
Topic 116 0.0053597 adoption, commerce, transactions, software, electronic, cross, applications, use, internet, framework
Topic 113 0.0053262 labor, workers, wage, adjustment, skill, child, unions, organized, worker, market
Topic 51 0.0052559 funds, investors, fund, equity, pension, investment, mutual, plans, portfolio, funding
Topic 92 0.0052293 conflict, conflicts, violence, peace, community, violent, sports, often, think, place
Topic 85 0.0051849 consumer, consumers, trust, food, safety, products, consumption, producers, product, industry
Topic 75 0.0051552 energy, solar, technologies, models, renewable, transition, support, model, clean, market
Topic 12 0.0051278 property, patent, intellectual, patents, licensing, drug, pharmaceutical, drugs, protection, license
Topic 25 0.0050072 supply, communities, forest, chain, community, value, chains, production, timber, certification
Topic 112 0.0049577 contracts, contract, suppliers, procurement, contracting, supplier, customer, allocation, contractors, buyers
Topic 93 0.0049022 online, digital, internet, platform, platforms, users, intermediaries, surveillance, user, content
Topic 89 0.0048928 marketing, russian, russia, brand, advertising, soviet, sales, market, products, brands
Topic 106 0.0044667 military, functions, core, affairs, outsourcing, tasks, units, incentives, governments, two
Topic 35 0.0043151 farmers, agricultural, farm, payments, agriculture, household, households, production, farming, willingness
Topic 74 0.0042053 health, insurance, care, medical, industry, pharmaceutical, system, coverage, providers, treatment
Topic 23 0.0039810 energy, demand, side, renewable, wind, mexican, mexico, policies, capacity, development
Topic 96 0.0038351 family, members, diversification, families, controlled, children, founders, non, member, research
Topic 61 0.0027599 water, case, company, resources, quality, proposition, development, process, utilities, customer
Topic 120 0.0024030 corruption, important, largely, years, many, consider, strong, activities, major, however
# LDA visualization
toLDAvis(df_stm, docs)

# covariates
out$meta$field = as.factor(out$meta$field)
prep <- estimateEffect(1:i ~ field + s(months_since_first_pub),
                       df_stm,
                       meta = out$meta,
                       uncertainty = "Global")

result_reg <- tidy(prep) %>%
  mutate(p.value = round(p.value, digits = 3),
         term = str_remove(term, "field"))
  
# result_reg %>%
#   mutate(p.value = cell_spec(p.value, "html", color = ifelse(p.value <= 0.05, "blue", "red"))) %>%
#   kable(format = "html", escape = F) %>%
#   kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)

topic_field_matched <- result_reg %>%
  filter(!str_detect(term, pattern = "s[(]"),
         p.value < 0.1) %>%
  mutate(term = ifelse(term == "(Intercept)", "Business", term),
         term = ifelse(estimate < 0, "Unclear", term)) %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  mutate(max_estimate = max(estimate)) %>%
  ungroup() %>%
  filter(estimate == max_estimate) 

topic_field_matched %>%
  mutate(p.value = cell_spec(p.value, "html", color = ifelse(p.value <= 0.05, "blue", "red"))) %>%
  kable(format = "html", escape = F) %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic term estimate std.error statistic p.value max_estimate
1 Political Science 0.0077622 0.0008183 9.486099 0 0.0077622
2 Environmental Studies 0.0227237 0.0019281 11.785275 0 0.0227237
3 Business 0.0167611 0.0087356 1.918709 0.055 0.0167611
4 Environmental Studies 0.0315421 0.0026998 11.682967 0 0.0315421
5 Business 0.0101103 0.0058406 1.731037 0.083 0.0101103
6 Environmental Studies 0.0133281 0.0015875 8.395826 0 0.0133281
7 Law 0.0281961 0.0017035 16.552288 0 0.0281961
8 Economics 0.0357600 0.0023017 15.536456 0 0.0357600
9 Economics 0.0060071 0.0012606 4.765083 0 0.0060071
10 Law 0.0080675 0.0017711 4.555058 0 0.0080675
11 Political Science 0.0107611 0.0012842 8.379533 0 0.0107611
12 Law 0.0134675 0.0023148 5.817994 0 0.0134675
13 Economics 0.0190392 0.0020871 9.122240 0 0.0190392
14 Business 0.0059210 0.0030825 1.920828 0.055 0.0059210
15 Social Sciences 0.0159818 0.0020330 7.861306 0 0.0159818
16 Business 0.0136203 0.0078944 1.725322 0.084 0.0136203
17 Law 0.0261709 0.0026350 9.931895 0 0.0261709
18 Environmental Studies 0.0157970 0.0020132 7.846728 0 0.0157970
19 Social Sciences 0.0046670 0.0026103 1.787894 0.074 0.0046670
20 Economics 0.0065041 0.0014688 4.428078 0 0.0065041
21 Business 0.0183216 0.0074928 2.445240 0.014 0.0183216
22 Economics 0.0037036 0.0010797 3.430099 0.001 0.0037036
23 Environmental Studies 0.0179097 0.0021642 8.275323 0 0.0179097
24 Political Science 0.0037570 0.0007401 5.076234 0 0.0037570
25 Environmental Studies 0.0156913 0.0020135 7.793245 0 0.0156913
26 Management 0.0128928 0.0020831 6.189353 0 0.0128928
27 Economics 0.0077039 0.0014350 5.368441 0 0.0077039
28 Social Sciences 0.0162340 0.0021834 7.435331 0 0.0162340
29 Unclear -0.0099008 0.0020035 -4.941680 0 -0.0099008
30 Economics 0.0111992 0.0018756 5.971082 0 0.0111992
31 Unclear -0.0031177 0.0015064 -2.069622 0.039 -0.0031177
32 Social Sciences 0.0107133 0.0023062 4.645420 0 0.0107133
33 Business 0.0157574 0.0075157 2.096606 0.036 0.0157574
34 Management 0.0072647 0.0018806 3.863000 0 0.0072647
35 Environmental Studies 0.0085264 0.0014525 5.870091 0 0.0085264
36 Business 0.0270951 0.0118248 2.291385 0.022 0.0270951
37 Law 0.0154672 0.0022991 6.727436 0 0.0154672
38 Environmental Studies 0.0255210 0.0023350 10.929735 0 0.0255210
39 Political Science 0.0058423 0.0014757 3.958960 0 0.0058423
40 Law 0.0082804 0.0015864 5.219754 0 0.0082804
41 Business 0.0304713 0.0127773 2.384808 0.017 0.0304713
42 Environmental Studies 0.0059222 0.0011937 4.961169 0 0.0059222
43 Law 0.0192279 0.0029654 6.483966 0 0.0192279
44 Environmental Studies 0.0157823 0.0023929 6.595371 0 0.0157823
45 Law 0.0125236 0.0019334 6.477412 0 0.0125236
46 Business 0.0117767 0.0068012 1.731545 0.083 0.0117767
47 Political Science 0.0185878 0.0018761 9.907845 0 0.0185878
48 Unclear -0.0089027 0.0019832 -4.488951 0 -0.0089027
49 Management 0.0118742 0.0014702 8.076375 0 0.0118742
50 Environmental Studies 0.0110072 0.0019743 5.575088 0 0.0110072
51 Law 0.0068829 0.0016782 4.101295 0 0.0068829
52 Political Science 0.0321895 0.0022954 14.023512 0 0.0321895
53 Law 0.0212451 0.0027516 7.721069 0 0.0212451
54 Political Science 0.0080785 0.0017822 4.532796 0 0.0080785
55 Management 0.0124860 0.0026071 4.789250 0 0.0124860
56 Social Sciences 0.0043851 0.0013672 3.207354 0.001 0.0043851
57 Economics 0.0052497 0.0014744 3.560511 0 0.0052497
58 Economics 0.0102973 0.0013860 7.429769 0 0.0102973
59 Social Sciences 0.0274111 0.0029086 9.424264 0 0.0274111
60 Economics 0.0064598 0.0023589 2.738488 0.006 0.0064598
61 Environmental Studies 0.0056864 0.0014951 3.803404 0 0.0056864
62 Law 0.0352969 0.0034233 10.310921 0 0.0352969
63 Environmental Studies 0.0071736 0.0022661 3.165688 0.002 0.0071736
64 Unclear -0.0042667 0.0015940 -2.676648 0.007 -0.0042667
65 Economics 0.0457285 0.0030604 14.941990 0 0.0457285
66 Business 0.0195224 0.0098281 1.986387 0.047 0.0195224
67 Law 0.0077799 0.0024639 3.157518 0.002 0.0077799
68 Business 0.0107581 0.0045776 2.350162 0.019 0.0107581
69 Social Sciences 0.0113311 0.0022158 5.113787 0 0.0113311
70 Economics 0.0042570 0.0012202 3.488731 0 0.0042570
71 Environmental Studies 0.0109495 0.0018142 6.035475 0 0.0109495
72 Law 0.0055460 0.0011877 4.669645 0 0.0055460
73 Unclear -0.0039518 0.0020808 -1.899166 0.058 -0.0039518
74 Business 0.0121500 0.0069784 1.741079 0.082 0.0121500
75 Environmental Studies 0.0275922 0.0025074 11.004432 0 0.0275922
76 Unclear -0.0076297 0.0016371 -4.660561 0 -0.0076297
77 Business 0.0127901 0.0066933 1.910867 0.056 0.0127901
78 Law 0.0725714 0.0038330 18.933318 0 0.0725714
79 Environmental Studies 0.0080827 0.0020119 4.017411 0 0.0080827
80 Environmental Studies 0.0148620 0.0017996 8.258554 0 0.0148620
81 Economics 0.0349588 0.0020522 17.034427 0 0.0349588
82 Environmental Studies 0.0261328 0.0019170 13.632045 0 0.0261328
83 Business 0.0182882 0.0083839 2.181342 0.029 0.0182882
84 Business 0.0126577 0.0071627 1.767155 0.077 0.0126577
85 Unclear -0.0025818 0.0011810 -2.186102 0.029 -0.0025818
86 Economics 0.0058670 0.0009028 6.498704 0 0.0058670
87 Social Sciences 0.0033521 0.0018014 1.860847 0.063 0.0033521
88 Social Sciences 0.0356315 0.0031047 11.476790 0 0.0356315
89 Unclear -0.0037284 0.0012523 -2.977206 0.003 -0.0037284
90 Political Science 0.0197441 0.0020147 9.799843 0 0.0197441
91 Law 0.0044892 0.0016291 2.755607 0.006 0.0044892
92 Social Sciences 0.0055752 0.0016204 3.440588 0.001 0.0055752
93 Social Sciences 0.0119432 0.0020092 5.944253 0 0.0119432
94 Political Science 0.0323923 0.0024701 13.113799 0 0.0323923
95 Economics 0.0059043 0.0014432 4.091091 0 0.0059043
96 Unclear -0.0033723 0.0017041 -1.978916 0.048 -0.0033723
97 Management 0.0061883 0.0026073 2.373408 0.018 0.0061883
98 Economics 0.0145418 0.0026794 5.427242 0 0.0145418
99 Law 0.0267119 0.0029535 9.044182 0 0.0267119
100 Business 0.0134341 0.0080884 1.660912 0.097 0.0134341
101 Business 0.0167303 0.0086986 1.923337 0.054 0.0167303
102 Law 0.0137657 0.0012488 11.023545 0 0.0137657
103 Management 0.0288400 0.0034099 8.457688 0 0.0288400
104 Management 0.0059469 0.0027771 2.141431 0.032 0.0059469
105 Unclear -0.0036871 0.0014178 -2.600630 0.009 -0.0036871
106 Political Science 0.0071452 0.0016618 4.299746 0 0.0071452
107 Unclear -0.0072940 0.0014381 -5.072112 0 -0.0072940
108 Business 0.0150573 0.0078184 1.925878 0.054 0.0150573
109 Political Science 0.0075297 0.0016836 4.472463 0 0.0075297
110 Environmental Studies 0.0134373 0.0017634 7.620191 0 0.0134373
111 Business 0.0261268 0.0122928 2.125379 0.034 0.0261268
112 Economics 0.0024899 0.0012863 1.935633 0.053 0.0024899
113 Business 0.0166864 0.0097030 1.719718 0.086 0.0166864
114 Business 0.0078057 0.0047074 1.658172 0.097 0.0078057
115 Environmental Studies 0.0037197 0.0012508 2.973747 0.003 0.0037197
116 Law 0.0076966 0.0019460 3.955182 0 0.0076966
117 Law 0.0065374 0.0033184 1.970036 0.049 0.0065374
118 Environmental Studies 0.0105601 0.0015922 6.632276 0 0.0105601
119 Environmental Studies 0.0062447 0.0013435 4.648009 0 0.0062447
120 Unclear -0.0004981 0.0001793 -2.778363 0.005 -0.0004981
topic_best_term <- result_reg %>%
  filter(!str_detect(term, pattern = "s[(]"),
         p.value < 0.1) %>%
  mutate(term = ifelse(term == "(Intercept)", "Business", term),
         term = ifelse(estimate < 0, "Unclear", term)) %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  mutate(max_estimate = max(estimate)) %>%
  ungroup() %>%
  filter(estimate == max_estimate)

topic_field_gamma <- gamma_terms %>%
  mutate(topic = as.factor(trimws(str_remove(topic, "Topic ")))) %>%
  left_join(topic_field_matched %>% select(topic, term) %>% mutate(topic = as.factor(topic)) %>% rename(field = term)) %>%
  select(topic, field, gamma, terms) 

topic_field_gamma %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic field gamma terms
21 Business 0.0219164 research, literature, studies, theoretical, analysis, empirical, field, framework, understanding, implications
66 Business 0.0217237 factors, results, survey, using, influence, differences, variables, found, findings, significant
30 Economics 0.0181278 firm, level, effect, industries, find, effects, size, results, entry, industry
98 Economics 0.0157851 value, stock, market, find, returns, results, connected, significant, effect, impact
67 Law 0.0153504 first, second, historical, recent, history, review, two, discussion, three, section
8 Economics 0.0151264 rate, model, models, cycle, time, cycles, period, empirical, monetary, data
88 Social Sciences 0.0150180 social, identity, discourse, neoliberal, citizenship, within, practices, movement, forms, contemporary
65 Economics 0.0143554 model, productivity, fiscal, shocks, spending, output, cycle, real, aggregate, volatility
19 Social Sciences 0.0141561 action, justice, argue, view, notion, one, individuals, within, sense, terms
76 Unclear 0.0139957 organizations, actors, society, governmental, non, civil, governance, legitimacy, partnerships, ngos
111 Business 0.0136781 many, past, century, years, will, even, one, much, time, decades
81 Economics 0.0131465 privatization, welfare, optimal, may, model, market, privatized, equilibrium, profit, show
94 Political Science 0.0124994 party, election, electoral, parties, elections, campaign, contributions, voting, voters, vote
46 Business 0.0124168 countries, country, developing, cross, across, higher, developed, differences, high, world
87 Social Sciences 0.0121767 institutions, institutional, networks, social, market, markets, formal, informal, organizational, norms
52 Political Science 0.0115524 governments, support, preferences, right, left, policies, ideology, advanced, conservative, democracies
7 Law 0.0112606 law, legal, rule, common, duty, delaware, fiduciary, duties, judgment, rules
72 Law 0.0108796 regulatory, regulation, costs, regulations, cost, price, market, prices, regulators, regulated
78 Law 0.0104841 courts, court, note, federal, supreme, constitutional, act, doctrine, congress, clause
29 Unclear 0.0104580 institutional, connections, effect, positive, findings, negative, support, effects, influence, using
68 Business 0.0103590 change, changes, long, term, short, time, shifts, market, response, run
55 Management 0.0101028 project, projects, programs, program, implementation, process, evaluation, assessment, development, based
70 Economics 0.0100985 growth, small, large, businesses, scale, size, employment, loan, number, smaller
103 Management 0.0100773 development, industrial, industry, technological, research, policies, knowledge, funding, cooperative, stage
33 Business 0.0100431 european, strategic, europe, strategy, integration, union, british, process, market, major
13 Economics 0.0098859 tax, income, taxes, revenue, taxation, rates, revenues, avoidance, rate, shifting
80 Environmental Studies 0.0098788 elsevier, reserved, ltd, inc, industry, tourism, published, development, interviews, travel
36 Business 0.0098424 industry, japanese, japan, german, production, korea, industrial, manufacturing, korean, market
63 Environmental Studies 0.0097557 practices, sustainability, sustainable, strategies, stakeholders, implementation, stakeholder, model, environment, copyright
9 Economics 0.0096906 investment, foreign, direct, investments, fdi, domestic, investors, invest, attract, governments
71 Environmental Studies 0.0096494 national, regional, central, level, regions, region, system, systems, development, coordination
3 Business 0.0096118 social, csr, responsibility, responsible, socially, responsibilities, activities, stakeholders, initiatives, concept
102 Law 0.0095909 state, states, united, federal, kingdom, policies, immigration, laws, federalism, national
11 Political Science 0.0095674 groups, interest, interests, group, associations, elite, elites, influence, access, membership
114 Business 0.0094923 role, governance, play, roles, played, arrangements, important, plays, key, brazil
5 Business 0.0092343 performance, relationship, relationships, impact, findings, organizational, profitability, positive, results, networking
105 Unclear 0.0090755 control, governance, shareholders, shareholder, agency, controlling, minority, mechanisms, value, principal
50 Environmental Studies 0.0089265 climate, issue, agenda, change, issues, development, diversity, special, approaches, adaptation
24 Political Science 0.0089244 private, sector, sectors, agencies, profit, nonprofit, entities, governments, commercial, participation
20 Economics 0.0087370 state, enterprises, owned, soes, enterprise, controlled, non, privately, soe, large
60 Economics 0.0085953 uncertainty, related, find, cash, associated, positively, flow, high, negatively, intervention
22 Economics 0.0085432 financial, protection, finance, financing, crisis, markets, leverage, institutions, investor, laws
115 Environmental Studies 0.0085108 making, decision, process, processes, decisions, space, makers, canada, activities, marine
41 Business 0.0085097 ethical, ethics, moral, behavior, codes, conduct, behaviour, morality, beliefs, self
16 Business 0.0084908 ties, emerging, network, managerial, capabilities, organizational, market, capability, economies, firm
101 Business 0.0084251 labour, employment, employees, relations, employee, bargaining, employers, unions, workers, industrial
43 Law 0.0083822 rules, company, liability, assets, entities, limited, form, entity, law, insolvency
28 Social Sciences 0.0083137 south, class, africa, african, century, black, american, north, capitalist, middle
10 Law 0.0083055 information, data, personal, privacy, use, protection, individuals, collection, collected, access
47 Political Science 0.0082226 administrative, agency, agencies, authority, state, administration, powers, police, bureaucracy, bureaucratic
58 Economics 0.0081696 trade, export, domestic, wto, border, free, agreement, exports, agreements, international
104 Management 0.0080865 host, home, country, mnes, location, multinational, distance, subsidiaries, international, acquisitions
27 Economics 0.0079441 china, chinese, chinas, comparative, economics, studies, hong, association, taiwan, kong
118 Environmental Studies 0.0078720 local, governments, municipal, municipalities, expenditures, population, data, incentives, evidence, find
34 Management 0.0078566 management, crisis, managing, manage, systems, fisheries, managed, problems, fishing, quality
53 Law 0.0078442 competition, antitrust, market, competitive, merger, mergers, laws, copyright, product, monopoly
4 Environmental Studies 0.0077463 emissions, carbon, reduction, subsidies, scenario, scenarios, climate, emission, reduce, usual
62 Law 0.0077072 litigation, judicial, cases, courts, liability, judges, lawsuits, court, class, tort
37 Law 0.0076917 human, criminal, crime, international, corporations, law, principles, obligations, treaty, respect
100 Business 0.0076466 theory, failure, bankruptcy, may, value, explain, team, economics, problem, creditors
56 Social Sciences 0.0076451 global, globalization, transnational, world, capitalism, national, increasingly, argue, challenges, globally
95 Economics 0.0076231 ownership, transition, economies, structure, concentration, privatisation, governance, czech, shares, owners
84 Business 0.0075250 directors, board, boards, executive, ceo, compensation, ceos, executives, pay, independent
69 Social Sciences 0.0075044 infrastructure, technologies, telecommunications, solutions, will, model, access, network, communications, technological
31 Unclear 0.0074380 education, university, students, skills, training, school, schools, universities, educational, academic
45 Law 0.0073984 legislation, act, legislative, industry, congress, tobacco, legislators, enacted, passed, passage
59 Social Sciences 0.0073923 media, news, press, coverage, analysis, content, communication, journalists, newspapers, audience
54 Political Science 0.0073497 reform, reforms, accountability, transparency, governance, development, lack, nigeria, however, challenges
117 Law 0.0072042 must, will, systems, threat, threats, intelligence, complex, often, use, requirements
14 Business 0.0071929 companies, standards, company, standard, will, companys, many, setting, agreements, block
107 Unclear 0.0071719 entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial, knowledge, entrepreneurship, start, creation, opportunities, entrepreneur, environment, self
57 Economics 0.0071428 risk, debt, risks, taking, credit, bond, cost, higher, increase, default
91 Law 0.0069587 work, professional, lawyers, practice, clients, professionals, profession, deal, client, practitioners
1 Political Science 0.0069472 international, politics, security, national, domestic, intense, critical, secure, appears, debates
48 Unclear 0.0068404 disclosure, reporting, audit, reports, report, quality, auditors, fraud, requirements, securities
39 Political Science 0.0068156 activity, lobbying, seeking, capture, activities, rent, politicians, game, influence, lobby
15 Social Sciences 0.0067958 cultural, culture, india, indian, language, french, production, cultures, film, popular
73 Unclear 0.0067590 values, democracy, normative, freedom, philosophy, society, theory, democratic, value, approach
110 Environmental Studies 0.0067332 environmental, pollution, environment, voluntary, industry, protection, air, pressures, environmentally, concerns
77 Business 0.0067306 capital, venture, ventures, joint, may, high, mobility, initial, formation, less
79 Environmental Studies 0.0067092 design, creative, concept, systems, processes, value, development, thinking, ideas, learning
64 Unclear 0.0067067 corporations, multinational, mncs, corporation, strategies, canadian, mnc, multinationals, subsidiaries, subsidiary
42 Environmental Studies 0.0066883 services, service, provision, waste, goods, providers, delivery, governments, poor, provide
38 Environmental Studies 0.0066500 urban, city, cities, housing, development, real, community, estate, london, social
6 Environmental Studies 0.0065941 power, electricity, nuclear, generation, distribution, industry, plants, market, electric, utilities
86 Economics 0.0065934 economy, bank, banks, banking, system, lending, shadow, sharing, crisis, one
32 Social Sciences 0.0065142 women, gender, workers, discrimination, womens, female, employment, men, sex, diversity
82 Environmental Studies 0.0063680 land, areas, use, rural, urban, planning, development, spatial, area, landscape
109 Political Science 0.0063459 war, world, nations, relations, cooperation, east, asian, america, asia, american
90 Political Science 0.0063396 president, opposition, presidential, democratic, opinion, executive, elected, office, presidents, parliamentary
97 Management 0.0063384 smes, small, medium, enterprises, sized, support, sme, assistance, competitiveness, enterprise
40 Law 0.0061856 enforcement, compliance, anti, officials, bribery, laws, corrupt, illegal, practices, sanctions
99 Law 0.0060256 citizens, free, first, speech, amendment, corporations, scrutiny, laws, campaign, right
119 Environmental Studies 0.0059871 resources, resource, natural, rich, neo, colonial, popular, nationalism, liberal, developmental
49 Management 0.0058694 technology, science, transfer, scientific, high, park, tech, capacity, national, scientists
26 Management 0.0057042 innovation, innovative, green, innovations, product, process, based, products, knowledge, support
17 Law 0.0056818 claims, parties, disputes, arbitration, provisions, agreements, courts, resolution, dispute, mandatory
83 Business 0.0056521 managers, accounting, earnings, top, managerial, evidence, inequality, find, prior, based
108 Business 0.0055926 leaders, leadership, leader, prime, minister, top, ministers, executives, people, career
2 Environmental Studies 0.0054782 mining, indigenous, communities, extractive, mineral, industries, industry, development, extraction, gold
44 Environmental Studies 0.0054647 oil, gas, australian, australia, coal, industry, production, development, petroleum, natural
18 Environmental Studies 0.0054627 efficiency, energy, efficient, policies, saving, use, conservation, savings, technical, consumption
116 Law 0.0053597 adoption, commerce, transactions, software, electronic, cross, applications, use, internet, framework
113 Business 0.0053262 labor, workers, wage, adjustment, skill, child, unions, organized, worker, market
51 Law 0.0052559 funds, investors, fund, equity, pension, investment, mutual, plans, portfolio, funding
92 Social Sciences 0.0052293 conflict, conflicts, violence, peace, community, violent, sports, often, think, place
85 Unclear 0.0051849 consumer, consumers, trust, food, safety, products, consumption, producers, product, industry
75 Environmental Studies 0.0051552 energy, solar, technologies, models, renewable, transition, support, model, clean, market
12 Law 0.0051278 property, patent, intellectual, patents, licensing, drug, pharmaceutical, drugs, protection, license
25 Environmental Studies 0.0050072 supply, communities, forest, chain, community, value, chains, production, timber, certification
112 Economics 0.0049577 contracts, contract, suppliers, procurement, contracting, supplier, customer, allocation, contractors, buyers
93 Social Sciences 0.0049022 online, digital, internet, platform, platforms, users, intermediaries, surveillance, user, content
89 Unclear 0.0048928 marketing, russian, russia, brand, advertising, soviet, sales, market, products, brands
106 Political Science 0.0044667 military, functions, core, affairs, outsourcing, tasks, units, incentives, governments, two
35 Environmental Studies 0.0043151 farmers, agricultural, farm, payments, agriculture, household, households, production, farming, willingness
74 Business 0.0042053 health, insurance, care, medical, industry, pharmaceutical, system, coverage, providers, treatment
23 Environmental Studies 0.0039810 energy, demand, side, renewable, wind, mexican, mexico, policies, capacity, development
96 Unclear 0.0038351 family, members, diversification, families, controlled, children, founders, non, member, research
61 Environmental Studies 0.0027599 water, case, company, resources, quality, proposition, development, process, utilities, customer
120 Unclear 0.0024030 corruption, important, largely, years, many, consider, strong, activities, major, however
a <- labelTopics(df_stm, topics = c(1:i))

topic_full_description <- tibble(Topic = a$topicnums,
       frex = as_tibble(a$frex) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull(),
       prob = as_tibble(a$prob) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull(),
       lift = as_tibble(a$lift) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull(),
       score = as_tibble(a$score) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull())

topic_full_table <- topic_field_gamma %>%
  left_join(topic_full_description %>% janitor::clean_names() %>% mutate(topic = as.factor(topic))) %>%
  select(-terms)

topic_full_table %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic field gamma frex prob lift score
21 Business 0.0219164 research, literature, researchers, theoretical, field, insights, studies research, literature, studies, theoretical, analysis, empirical, field journals, research, researchers, publications, topic, methodological, topics journals, research, literature, theoretical, researchers, studies, review
66 Business 0.0217237 factors, survey, variables, indicators, perceptions, regression, determinants factors, results, survey, using, influence, differences, variables satisfaction, indicators, predictors, respondents, factors, survey, regression satisfaction, factors, survey, variables, results, regression, indicators
30 Economics 0.0181278 firm, entry, level, size, industries, effect, increases firm, level, effect, industries, find, effects, size entrants, firm, entry, exit, database, heterogeneity, size firm, entrants, entry, size, level, industries, effect
98 Economics 0.0157851 stock, returns, connected, value, turnover, abnormal, politically value, stock, market, find, returns, results, connected abnormal, stock, announcement, returns, turnover, reaction, connected abnormal, stock, returns, value, connected, find, listed
67 Law 0.0153504 historical, essay, works, section, author, review, history first, second, historical, recent, history, review, two books, brief, essay, works, concluding, author, historical books, essay, historical, history, review, section, works
8 Economics 0.0151264 rate, cycles, monetary, cycle, macroeconomic, unemployment, inflation rate, model, models, cycle, time, cycles, period inflation, cycles, monetary, unemployment, macroeconomic, currency, rate inflation, cycle, cycles, rate, unemployment, monetary, macroeconomic
88 Social Sciences 0.0150180 identity, citizenship, neoliberal, discourse, discourses, social, activism social, identity, discourse, neoliberal, citizenship, within, practices citizenship, identity, neoliberal, narratives, neoliberalism, discourses, understandings citizenship, social, discourse, identity, neoliberal, discourses, discursive
65 Economics 0.0143554 shocks, productivity, volatility, output, spending, aggregate, fiscal model, productivity, fiscal, shocks, spending, output, cycle volatility, shocks, cyclical, fluctuations, expenditure, productivity, output volatility, shocks, fiscal, spending, productivity, cycle, output
19 Social Sciences 0.0141561 notion, justice, consensus, conception, idea, sense, action action, justice, argue, view, notion, one, individuals virtue, conception, consensus, notion, ideal, thought, criticisms virtue, justice, conception, action, consensus, notion, ideal
76 Unclear 0.0139957 actors, organizations, governmental, ngos, partnerships, society, legitimacy organizations, actors, society, governmental, non, civil, governance ngo, ngos, nongovernmental, actors, organizations, partnerships, governmental ngo, organizations, actors, ngos, society, civil, partnerships
111 Business 0.0136781 past, century, professor, economists, decades, today, get many, past, century, years, will, even, one medicine, economists, something, say, professor, past, revolution medicine, professor, century, past, economists, say, economics
81 Economics 0.0131465 privatization, optimal, welfare, equilibrium, privatized, maximizing, profits privatization, welfare, optimal, may, model, market, privatized privatize, privatization, optimal, privatizations, maximizing, welfare, surplus privatize, privatization, welfare, optimal, privatized, equilibrium, maximizing
94 Political Science 0.0124994 party, electoral, vote, elections, election, voters, votes party, election, electoral, parties, elections, campaign, contributions votes, vote, party, voters, voter, candidates, elections votes, party, electoral, election, elections, voting, voters
46 Business 0.0124168 countries, country, developing, cross, across, oecd, differences countries, country, developing, cross, across, higher, developed dividend, countries, country, oecd, developing, ratios, capita dividend, countries, country, developing, cross, oecd, higher
87 Social Sciences 0.0121767 institutions, networks, formal, informal, institutional, norms, societies institutions, institutional, networks, social, market, markets, formal favors, informal, formal, networks, institutions, logics, norms favors, institutions, networks, institutional, informal, formal, social
52 Political Science 0.0115524 preferences, left, ideology, democracies, conservative, wing, advanced governments, support, preferences, right, left, policies, ideology wing, democracies, ideology, preferences, left, conservative, corporatist wing, democracies, ideology, left, preferences, right, conservative
7 Law 0.0112606 law, rule, delaware, legal, duty, fiduciary, judgment law, legal, rule, common, duty, delaware, fiduciary delaware, rule, fiduciary, law, duty, legal, faith delaware, law, legal, rule, fiduciary, duty, judgment
72 Law 0.0108796 regulatory, regulation, regulations, costs, regulators, regulated, price regulatory, regulation, costs, regulations, cost, price, market quantity, regulation, regulatory, regulator, regulated, regulators, regulations quantity, regulatory, regulation, costs, price, regulations, prices
78 Law 0.0104841 note, supreme, clause, constitutional, court, statutes, doctrine courts, court, note, federal, supreme, constitutional, act clause, note, statutes, circuit, supreme, statute, constitutional clause, courts, court, supreme, constitutional, note, doctrine
29 Unclear 0.0104580 connections, institutional, internationalization, positive, effect, philanthropy, listed institutional, connections, effect, positive, findings, negative, support philanthropy, connections, internationalization, charitable, institutional, affiliation, theorize philanthropy, institutional, connections, internationalization, positive, listed, effect
68 Business 0.0103590 changes, term, change, long, short, shifts, run change, changes, long, term, short, time, shifts momentum, term, changes, short, long, shifts, change momentum, change, changes, term, long, short, shifts
55 Management 0.0101028 project, program, projects, programs, evaluation, assessment, criteria project, projects, programs, program, implementation, process, evaluation pilot, project, program, evaluation, projects, programs, criteria pilot, project, projects, program, programs, evaluation, implementation
70 Economics 0.0100985 growth, small, scale, businesses, large, loan, smaller growth, small, large, businesses, scale, size, employment guaranteed, loan, growth, scale, small, businesses, large guaranteed, growth, small, businesses, loan, large, scale
103 Management 0.0100773 technological, industrial, cooperative, biotechnology, linkages, cluster, stage development, industrial, industry, technological, research, policies, knowledge biotechnology, cluster, upgrading, institutes, collaborations, cooperative, catch biotechnology, technological, industrial, development, research, industry, universities
33 Business 0.0100431 european, europe, strategic, integration, british, union, alliances european, strategic, europe, strategy, integration, union, british defence, european, europe, integration, alliances, eastern, strategic defence, european, strategic, europe, union, integration, british
13 Economics 0.0098859 tax, taxes, taxation, income, revenue, avoidance, revenues tax, income, taxes, revenue, taxation, rates, revenues taxpayers, tax, taxation, taxes, revenue, avoidance, income tax, taxpayers, taxes, income, revenue, taxation, avoidance
80 Environmental Studies 0.0098788 ltd, reserved, elsevier, tourism, inc, travel, published elsevier, reserved, ltd, inc, industry, tourism, published tourism, travel, ltd, elsevier, reserved, inc, published tourism, elsevier, reserved, ltd, inc, travel, published
36 Business 0.0098424 japanese, german, japan, korea, steel, korean, manufacturing industry, japanese, japan, german, production, korea, industrial steel, japanese, german, japans, korea, japan, korean steel, japanese, japan, korea, german, korean, industry
63 Environmental Studies 0.0097557 sustainability, sustainable, practices, stakeholder, stakeholders, implementation, john practices, sustainability, sustainable, strategies, stakeholders, implementation, stakeholder erp, wiley, sustainability, sons, john, sustainable, stakeholder erp, sustainability, sustainable, practices, stakeholder, wiley, sons
9 Economics 0.0096906 foreign, investment, fdi, investments, direct, outward, attract investment, foreign, direct, investments, fdi, domestic, investors outward, fdi, foreign, investment, investments, spillover, direct outward, foreign, investment, fdi, investments, direct, domestic
71 Environmental Studies 0.0096494 regional, regions, central, national, region, coordination, level national, regional, central, level, regions, region, system decentralization, regional, regions, centralized, decentralized, coordination, region decentralization, regional, regions, national, region, central, level
3 Business 0.0096118 csr, responsibility, social, responsible, responsibilities, socially, stakeholders social, csr, responsibility, responsible, socially, responsibilities, activities csr, responsibility, responsibilities, responsible, socially, social, initiatives csr, responsibility, social, responsible, responsibilities, socially, stakeholders
102 Law 0.0095909 states, united, kingdom, federal, state, federalism, immigration state, states, united, federal, kingdom, policies, immigration federalism, states, kingdom, united, immigration, federal, territory federalism, states, state, united, federal, immigration, kingdom
11 Political Science 0.0095674 groups, interest, group, interests, associations, elites, elite groups, interest, interests, group, associations, elite, elites pluralism, groups, group, interest, elites, associations, interests pluralism, groups, interest, interests, group, elites, elite
114 Business 0.0094923 role, play, played, roles, governance, plays, arrangements role, governance, play, roles, played, arrangements, important forests, play, role, played, brazil, brazilian, swedish forests, role, governance, play, played, arrangements, brazil
5 Business 0.0092343 performance, relationship, relationships, networking, profitability, indicate, sales performance, relationship, relationships, impact, findings, organizational, profitability networking, performance, relationship, relationships, profitability, moderating, persistence networking, performance, relationship, relationships, profitability, organizational, moderating
105 Unclear 0.0090755 control, shareholders, shareholder, controlling, minority, takeover, governance control, governance, shareholders, shareholder, agency, controlling, minority takeover, shareholder, shareholders, control, minority, controlling, insider takeover, shareholders, shareholder, governance, control, minority, controlling
50 Environmental Studies 0.0089265 agenda, climate, issue, adaptation, diversity, ecosystem, special climate, issue, agenda, change, issues, development, diversity biodiversity, agenda, adaptation, climate, conference, ecosystem, ecosystems biodiversity, climate, agenda, change, ecosystem, diversity, adaptation
24 Political Science 0.0089244 private, sector, sectors, agencies, nonprofit, profit, proven private, sector, sectors, agencies, profit, nonprofit, entities proven, private, sector, nonprofit, sectors, agencies, mission private, sector, proven, agencies, sectors, nonprofit, profit
20 Economics 0.0087370 owned, soes, enterprises, state, soe, controlled, privately state, enterprises, owned, soes, enterprise, controlled, non soe, soes, owned, privately, enterprises, controlled, socialist soe, owned, soes, enterprises, state, controlled, enterprise
60 Economics 0.0085953 uncertainty, cash, flow, positively, negatively, holdings, pronounced uncertainty, related, find, cash, associated, positively, flow holdings, uncertainty, cash, flow, pronounced, negatively, sensitivity holdings, uncertainty, cash, positively, flow, negatively, loans
22 Economics 0.0085432 financial, finance, financing, protection, leverage, crisis, investor financial, protection, finance, financing, crisis, markets, leverage creditor, financing, financial, finance, leverage, distress, investor creditor, financial, protection, finance, financing, investor, crisis
115 Environmental Studies 0.0085108 making, decision, space, processes, marine, canada, makers making, decision, process, processes, decisions, space, makers marine, making, decision, space, consultation, canada, negotiation marine, decision, making, space, processes, decisions, process
41 Business 0.0085097 ethical, moral, ethics, morality, codes, conduct, beliefs ethical, ethics, moral, behavior, codes, conduct, behaviour morality, ethical, moral, ethics, codes, unethical, reasoning morality, ethics, ethical, moral, codes, unethical, conduct
16 Business 0.0084908 ties, emerging, capabilities, capability, network, relational, managerial ties, emerging, network, managerial, capabilities, organizational, market ties, capability, antecedents, capabilities, relational, emerging, mediating ties, capabilities, emerging, capability, network, managerial, organizational
101 Business 0.0084251 labour, employee, employees, employment, bargaining, employers, relations labour, employment, employees, relations, employee, bargaining, employers strike, labour, employee, employer, employers, employees, bargaining strike, labour, employment, employers, employees, employee, bargaining
43 Law 0.0083822 rules, entities, liability, entity, insolvency, assets, company rules, company, liability, assets, entities, limited, form insolvency, entity, proceedings, rules, entities, fairness, assets insolvency, liability, rules, company, entity, assets, creditors
28 Social Sciences 0.0083137 south, african, black, africa, class, century, capitalist south, class, africa, african, century, black, american black, african, south, africa, africas, nineteenth, southern black, south, africa, african, class, century, north
10 Law 0.0083055 information, privacy, personal, data, collection, collected, individuals information, data, personal, privacy, use, protection, individuals privacy, information, personal, collection, data, collect, processing privacy, information, data, personal, protection, collection, individuals
47 Political Science 0.0082226 administrative, authority, police, agencies, powers, bureaucracy, agency administrative, agency, agencies, authority, state, administration, powers policing, administrative, police, apparatus, bureaucracy, powers, authority policing, administrative, police, agencies, authority, agency, powers
58 Economics 0.0081696 trade, export, wto, exports, import, agreement, border trade, export, domestic, wto, border, free, agreement wto, trade, export, exports, import, tariffs, accession wto, trade, export, domestic, border, exports, import
104 Management 0.0080865 host, mnes, home, distance, location, subsidiaries, mne host, home, country, mnes, location, multinational, distance mne, mnes, distance, host, home, location, acquisitions mne, mnes, host, home, subsidiaries, location, multinational
27 Economics 0.0079441 china, chinas, chinese, hong, kong, comparative, taiwan china, chinese, chinas, comparative, economics, studies, hong kong, hong, chinas, china, chinese, taiwan, shanghai kong, china, chinese, chinas, hong, taiwan, comparative
118 Environmental Studies 0.0078720 municipal, local, municipalities, expenditures, county, districts, census local, governments, municipal, municipalities, expenditures, population, data municipalities, municipal, county, local, census, districts, bid municipalities, local, municipal, expenditures, county, governments, census
34 Management 0.0078566 management, fisheries, managing, fishing, manage, managed, resilience management, crisis, managing, manage, systems, fisheries, managed fisheries, fishing, management, resilience, managing, adaptive, organisational fisheries, management, fishing, resilience, organisational, crisis, managing
53 Law 0.0078442 antitrust, competition, merger, mergers, monopoly, copyright, vertical competition, antitrust, market, competitive, merger, mergers, laws antitrust, merger, monopolies, competition, mergers, monopoly, vertical antitrust, competition, merger, mergers, monopoly, copyright, market
4 Environmental Studies 0.0077463 emissions, carbon, scenarios, emission, scenario, reduction, greenhouse emissions, carbon, reduction, subsidies, scenario, scenarios, climate abatement, greenhouse, emissions, emission, carbon, scenarios, reductions abatement, emissions, carbon, emission, greenhouse, reduction, scenario
62 Law 0.0077072 litigation, lawsuits, judges, judicial, tort, suits, damages litigation, judicial, cases, courts, liability, judges, lawsuits defendants, lawsuits, litigation, suits, tort, lawsuit, judges defendants, litigation, judicial, courts, judges, liability, lawsuits
37 Law 0.0076917 human, crime, criminal, treaty, crimes, obligations, violations human, criminal, crime, international, corporations, law, principles crimes, crime, human, treaty, criminal, abuses, guiding crimes, human, criminal, crime, treaty, violations, international
100 Business 0.0076466 bankruptcy, failure, theory, reorganization, team, teams, creditors theory, failure, bankruptcy, may, value, explain, team reorganization, bankruptcy, failure, theory, absolute, secured, teams reorganization, theory, bankruptcy, failure, creditors, team, teams
56 Social Sciences 0.0076451 globalization, global, transnational, capitalism, globally, borders, world global, globalization, transnational, world, capitalism, national, increasingly debated, globalization, global, transnational, globally, globalisation, borders global, debated, globalization, transnational, capitalism, borders, world
95 Economics 0.0076231 ownership, concentration, privatisation, transition, economies, czech, shares ownership, transition, economies, structure, concentration, privatisation, governance privatised, privatisation, ownership, concentration, transitional, czech, transition privatised, ownership, privatisation, transition, concentration, economies, czech
84 Business 0.0075250 board, boards, directors, ceos, ceo, executive, compensation directors, board, boards, executive, ceo, compensation, ceos ceos, boards, board, ceo, directors, director, compensation ceos, directors, board, boards, ceo, executive, compensation
69 Social Sciences 0.0075044 infrastructure, telecommunications, technologies, solutions, communications, smart, mobile infrastructure, technologies, telecommunications, solutions, will, model, access smart, telecommunications, infrastructure, communications, solutions, technologies, mobile smart, technologies, infrastructure, telecommunications, communications, solutions, mobile
31 Unclear 0.0074380 students, education, schools, skills, educational, training, school education, university, students, skills, training, school, schools graduate, students, education, schools, educational, courses, teaching graduate, education, students, university, training, school, schools
45 Law 0.0073984 legislation, legislative, tobacco, act, passage, passed, legislators legislation, act, legislative, industry, congress, tobacco, legislators tobacco, legislation, passage, legislative, passed, bill, branches tobacco, legislation, legislative, act, congress, industry, legislators
59 Social Sciences 0.0073923 media, news, press, journalists, newspapers, coverage, newspaper media, news, press, coverage, analysis, content, communication journalists, media, newspapers, news, newspaper, press, frames journalists, media, news, coverage, press, newspapers, newspaper
54 Political Science 0.0073497 reforms, reform, accountability, transparency, nigeria, lack, serious reform, reforms, accountability, transparency, governance, development, lack nigeria, reforms, reform, transparency, accountability, accountable, transparent nigeria, reform, reforms, transparency, accountability, governance, extractive
117 Law 0.0072042 must, threats, intelligence, threat, strengths, centers, systems must, will, systems, threat, threats, intelligence, complex intelligence, threats, strengths, must, threat, centers, weaknesses intelligence, must, threats, threat, will, strengths, systems
14 Business 0.0071929 companies, standards, standard, company, companys, block, setting companies, standards, company, standard, will, companys, many block, companies, standards, standard, companys, company, negotiated companies, block, standards, company, standard, agreements, companys
107 Unclear 0.0071719 entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial, entrepreneurship, start, knowledge, entrepreneur, creation entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial, knowledge, entrepreneurship, start, creation, opportunities nascent, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial, entrepreneur, start, ups nascent, entrepreneurs, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial, knowledge, start, entrepreneur
57 Economics 0.0071428 risk, debt, bond, risks, credit, taking, default risk, debt, risks, taking, credit, bond, cost bond, risk, debt, risks, borrowing, bonds, risky bond, risk, debt, credit, risks, default, taking
91 Law 0.0069587 professional, lawyers, profession, work, professionals, clients, associates work, professional, lawyers, practice, clients, professionals, profession associates, profession, professional, lawyers, professionals, professions, lawyer associates, work, lawyers, professional, profession, clients, professionals
1 Political Science 0.0069472 politics, security, international, intense, dangerous, secure, domestic international, politics, security, national, domestic, intense, critical dangerous, security, politics, international, intense, secure, emphasizing international, dangerous, politics, security, domestic, intense, national
48 Unclear 0.0068404 audit, disclosure, auditors, reporting, report, disclosures, reports disclosure, reporting, audit, reports, report, quality, auditors audit, disclosures, auditors, disclosure, auditing, audits, sarbanes audit, disclosure, reporting, auditors, report, reports, disclosures
39 Political Science 0.0068156 lobbying, seeking, rent, capture, activity, game, lobby activity, lobbying, seeking, capture, activities, rent, politicians rent, seeking, lobbying, capture, rents, lobby, game rent, lobbying, seeking, capture, activity, lobby, rents
15 Social Sciences 0.0067958 cultural, culture, indian, india, film, french, language cultural, culture, india, indian, language, french, production film, indian, cultural, culture, india, french, cultures film, cultural, culture, indian, india, language, french
73 Unclear 0.0067590 values, democracy, philosophy, normative, freedom, philosophical, concepts values, democracy, normative, freedom, philosophy, society, theory philosophical, values, philosophy, primacy, democracy, normative, freedom philosophical, values, democracy, philosophy, freedom, ethics, normative
110 Environmental Studies 0.0067332 environmental, pollution, voluntary, air, environmentally, polluting, environment environmental, pollution, environment, voluntary, industry, protection, air polluting, environmental, pollution, environmentally, air, degradation, voluntary environmental, polluting, pollution, voluntary, air, environmentally, protection
77 Business 0.0067306 venture, capital, ventures, joint, mobility, initial, formation capital, venture, ventures, joint, may, high, mobility capitalists, venture, capital, ventures, joint, backed, mobility capital, capitalists, venture, ventures, joint, mobility, backed
79 Environmental Studies 0.0067092 creative, design, thinking, creativity, geography, spaces, ideas design, creative, concept, systems, processes, value, development creativity, creative, design, geography, spaces, thinking, embeddedness creativity, creative, design, spaces, thinking, geography, learning
64 Unclear 0.0067067 mncs, corporations, multinational, mnc, canadian, corporation, multinationals corporations, multinational, mncs, corporation, strategies, canadian, mnc mnc, mncs, headquarters, corporations, multinational, canadian, multinationals mnc, corporations, mncs, multinational, subsidiaries, corporation, subsidiary
42 Environmental Studies 0.0066883 services, service, waste, provision, delivery, providers, goods services, service, provision, waste, goods, providers, delivery solid, waste, services, service, delivery, provision, providers solid, services, service, waste, provision, delivery, providers
38 Environmental Studies 0.0066500 city, housing, cities, urban, estate, london, real urban, city, cities, housing, development, real, community housing, city, cities, london, estate, urban, developers housing, urban, city, cities, estate, london, metropolitan
6 Environmental Studies 0.0065941 power, nuclear, electricity, generation, plants, electric, distribution power, electricity, nuclear, generation, distribution, industry, plants nuclear, power, plants, electricity, utilities, generation, electric nuclear, power, electricity, generation, plants, electric, utilities
86 Economics 0.0065934 banks, bank, banking, economy, shadow, lending, sharing economy, bank, banks, banking, system, lending, shadow shadow, banking, banks, bank, economy, lending, supervision shadow, economy, banks, bank, banking, lending, sharing
32 Social Sciences 0.0065142 women, gender, discrimination, sex, female, womens, sexual women, gender, workers, discrimination, womens, female, employment sex, women, gender, sexual, female, discrimination, womens sex, women, gender, discrimination, female, womens, workers
82 Environmental Studies 0.0063680 land, rural, areas, zones, spatial, planning, landscape land, areas, use, rural, urban, planning, development land, zones, coastal, landscapes, rural, village, town land, rural, urban, spatial, zones, planning, areas
109 Political Science 0.0063459 war, asian, asia, east, latin, nations, america war, world, nations, relations, cooperation, east, asian diplomacy, asia, latin, asian, cold, pacific, east diplomacy, war, asia, east, asian, latin, america
90 Political Science 0.0063396 president, presidential, opposition, presidents, opinion, administrations, elected president, opposition, presidential, democratic, opinion, executive, elected presidents, president, administrations, presidential, opposition, republican, opinion presidents, president, presidential, opposition, parliamentary, republican, executive
97 Management 0.0063384 smes, medium, sized, sme, small, assistance, competitiveness smes, small, medium, enterprises, sized, support, sme sme, smes, sized, medium, assistance, ireland, competitiveness sme, smes, medium, sized, small, enterprises, assistance
40 Law 0.0061856 compliance, enforcement, bribery, anti, corrupt, officials, illegal enforcement, compliance, anti, officials, bribery, laws, corrupt bribery, compliance, enforcement, corrupt, anti, penalties, sanctions bribery, enforcement, compliance, anti, corrupt, officials, sanctions
99 Law 0.0060256 citizens, speech, amendment, free, scrutiny, campaign, fourth citizens, free, first, speech, amendment, corporations, scrutiny speech, amendment, citizens, scrutiny, free, rationales, fourth speech, citizens, amendment, free, campaign, scrutiny, court
119 Environmental Studies 0.0059871 resource, resources, natural, colonial, nationalism, neo, rich resources, resource, natural, rich, neo, colonial, popular nationalism, colonial, resource, natural, resources, dependency, developmental nationalism, resource, resources, natural, colonial, neo, rich
49 Management 0.0058694 science, technology, transfer, park, scientific, tech, scientists technology, science, transfer, scientific, high, park, tech park, science, transfer, technology, scientific, transferred, scientists park, technology, science, transfer, scientific, tech, scientists
26 Management 0.0057042 green, innovation, innovations, innovative, product, products, radical innovation, innovative, green, innovations, product, process, based green, innovations, innovation, innovative, product, incremental, radical green, innovation, innovations, innovative, product, knowledge, products
17 Law 0.0056818 claims, arbitration, disputes, resolution, dispute, provisions, clauses claims, parties, disputes, arbitration, provisions, agreements, courts arbitration, claims, disputes, clauses, resolution, dispute, notice arbitration, claims, disputes, dispute, courts, resolution, clauses
83 Business 0.0056521 managers, earnings, accounting, top, inequality, managerial, discretionary managers, accounting, earnings, top, managerial, evidence, inequality earnings, managers, accounting, discretionary, top, inequality, manipulation earnings, managers, accounting, managerial, inequality, top, discretionary
108 Business 0.0055926 leaders, leadership, leader, minister, prime, ministers, career leaders, leadership, leader, prime, minister, top, ministers leadership, leaders, leader, minister, prime, ministers, competence leadership, leaders, leader, prime, minister, ministers, career
2 Environmental Studies 0.0054782 mining, indigenous, mineral, extractive, gold, communities, extraction mining, indigenous, communities, extractive, mineral, industries, industry gold, mining, mineral, indigenous, mines, ghana, extractive gold, mining, indigenous, mineral, extractive, communities, ghana
44 Environmental Studies 0.0054647 oil, australia, coal, australian, gas, petroleum, australias oil, gas, australian, australia, coal, industry, production coal, australia, oil, australian, australias, gas, petroleum coal, oil, gas, australian, australia, petroleum, australias
18 Environmental Studies 0.0054627 efficiency, saving, energy, efficient, savings, conservation, inefficiency efficiency, energy, efficient, policies, saving, use, conservation saving, efficiency, savings, energy, conservation, inefficiency, frontier saving, energy, efficiency, conservation, savings, consumption, efficient
116 Law 0.0053597 commerce, electronic, software, adoption, transactions, applications, virtual adoption, commerce, transactions, software, electronic, cross, applications electronic, software, virtual, commerce, adoption, transactions, applications electronic, commerce, adoption, software, transactions, internet, virtual
113 Business 0.0053262 labor, child, adjustment, wage, skill, workers, worker labor, workers, wage, adjustment, skill, child, unions child, labor, skilled, skill, adjustment, wage, worker child, labor, workers, wage, worker, unions, skill
51 Law 0.0052559 funds, fund, pension, investors, mutual, portfolio, equity funds, investors, fund, equity, pension, investment, mutual pension, funds, fund, mutual, portfolio, passive, portfolios pension, funds, fund, investors, equity, securities, portfolio
92 Social Sciences 0.0052293 conflict, peace, violence, conflicts, violent, sports, think conflict, conflicts, violence, peace, community, violent, sports peace, conflict, violence, violent, conflicts, sports, armed peace, conflict, conflicts, violence, violent, sports, armed
85 Unclear 0.0051849 trust, consumer, food, consumers, safety, consumption, producers consumer, consumers, trust, food, safety, products, consumption food, trust, safety, consumer, consumers, producers, confidence food, consumers, consumer, trust, safety, consumption, products
75 Environmental Studies 0.0051552 solar, clean, renewable, energy, deployment, technologies, transition energy, solar, technologies, models, renewable, transition, support solar, clean, deployment, renewable, transitions, grid, niche solar, energy, renewable, technologies, clean, transition, grid
12 Law 0.0051278 patent, intellectual, patents, property, licensing, drug, drugs property, patent, intellectual, patents, licensing, drug, pharmaceutical patent, patents, intellectual, licensing, property, drug, drugs patent, property, intellectual, patents, licensing, drug, pharmaceutical
25 Environmental Studies 0.0050072 chain, supply, forest, communities, timber, chains, community supply, communities, forest, chain, community, value, chains timber, chain, forestry, supply, forest, chains, certification timber, forest, supply, chain, communities, chains, forestry
112 Economics 0.0049577 contracts, suppliers, procurement, contract, contracting, supplier, contractors contracts, contract, suppliers, procurement, contracting, supplier, customer procurement, suppliers, contracts, contracting, supplier, contract, allocated procurement, contracts, contract, suppliers, contracting, supplier, contractors
93 Social Sciences 0.0049022 online, platform, platforms, digital, surveillance, internet, intermediaries online, digital, internet, platform, platforms, users, intermediaries surveillance, platform, platforms, online, intermediaries, digital, internet surveillance, digital, internet, online, platforms, platform, intermediaries
89 Unclear 0.0048928 marketing, russian, advertising, brand, russia, soviet, brands marketing, russian, russia, brand, advertising, soviet, sales advertising, russian, brands, marketing, car, brand, soviet advertising, marketing, russian, brand, russia, soviet, brands
106 Political Science 0.0044667 functions, military, outsourcing, affairs, core, tasks, units military, functions, core, affairs, outsourcing, tasks, units outsourcing, functions, affairs, military, tasks, core, units outsourcing, military, functions, affairs, core, tasks, units
35 Environmental Studies 0.0043151 farmers, farm, agricultural, agriculture, payments, farming, household farmers, agricultural, farm, payments, agriculture, household, households farm, farmers, farming, agriculture, agricultural, payments, household farm, farmers, agricultural, agriculture, payments, household, farming
74 Business 0.0042053 care, insurance, health, medical, pharmaceutical, match, affordable health, insurance, care, medical, industry, pharmaceutical, system medical, care, insurance, health, affordable, match, pharmaceutical medical, health, insurance, care, pharmaceutical, coverage, drugs
23 Environmental Studies 0.0039810 side, wind, demand, renewable, mexican, mexico, energy energy, demand, side, renewable, wind, mexican, mexico wind, side, mexican, mexico, renewable, demand, successes wind, energy, renewable, side, demand, mexican, mexico
96 Unclear 0.0038351 family, diversification, families, members, children, founders, controlled family, members, diversification, families, controlled, children, founders family, families, diversification, members, children, founders, belonging family, members, diversification, families, founders, children, controlled
61 Environmental Studies 0.0027599 water, proposition, utilities, utility, customer, commitments, promise water, case, company, resources, quality, proposition, development water, proposition, supplies, chile, fairly, utilities, argentina water, utilities, proposition, company, customer, resources, management
120 Unclear 0.0024030 corruption, largely, consider, widespread, fight, anti, certain corruption, important, largely, years, many, consider, strong corruption, fight, pervasive, apparently, widespread, eliminate, coordinated corruption, anti, fight, largely, society, scandals, consider
short_docs <- meta %>%
    as_tibble() %>%
    select(abstract) %>%
    mutate(abstract = str_sub(abstract, 1, 800))

topic_thoughts <- findThoughts(df_stm, topic = c(1:i), texts = short_docs$abstract, n = 1)

topic_top_docs <- as_tibble(topic_thoughts$index) %>%
  janitor::clean_names() %>%
  pivot_longer(everything()) %>%
  left_join(short_docs %>% mutate(value = row_number())) %>%
  rename(topic = name, doc_index = value, short_abstract = abstract) %>%
  mutate(topic = str_remove(topic, "topic_")) 

table_final <- topic_full_table %>%
  left_join(topic_top_docs) %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)

# network
net <- topicCorr(df_stm, cutoff = 0.05)
net <- net$posadj
net <- network::network(net, directed = F)
net %v% "term" = as.character(topic_best_term$term)
net %v% "topic" = as.character(topic_best_term$topic)

y = RColorBrewer::brewer.pal(9, "Set3")
names(y) = levels(as.factor(topic_best_term$term))

ggnet2(net, color = "term", palette = y, alpha = 0.75,
       size = 4, edge.alpha = 0.5,node.label = "topic",
       node.size = 5) +
  labs(title = "Topic Correlations",
       subtitle = "Nodes indicate topics, edges indicate correlation between topics")

#rm(net, topic_best_term)

# plot(prep, "months_since_first_pub",
#      method = "continuous", topics = c(,),
#      model = z, printlegend = F,
#      xaxt = "n", xlab = "Time (1991-2020)")
# monthseq <- seq(from = as.Date("1990-01-01"),
#                 to = as.Date("2021-12-31"), by = "month")
# monthnames <- months(monthseq)
# axis(1,at = as.numeric(monthseq) - min(as.numeric(monthseq)))
# 
i <- 150
df_stm <- k_result %>% 
  filter(K == i) %>% 
  pull(topic_model) %>% 
  .[[1]]

df_stm_td <- tidy(df_stm)

top_terms <- df_stm_td %>%
  arrange(beta) %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  top_n(10, beta) %>%
  arrange(-beta) %>%
  select(topic, term) %>%
  summarise(terms = list(term)) %>%
  mutate(terms = map(terms, paste, collapse = ", ")) %>%
  unnest(cols = c(terms))

td_gamma <- tidy(df_stm, matrix = "gamma",
                 document_names = rownames(df_stm))

gamma_terms <- td_gamma %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  summarise(gamma = mean(gamma)) %>%
  arrange(desc(gamma)) %>%
  left_join(top_terms, by = "topic") %>%
  mutate(topic = paste0("Topic ", topic),
         topic = reorder(topic, gamma))

gamma_terms %>%
  top_n(floor(nrow(gamma_terms) * .3), gamma) %>%
  ggplot(aes(topic, gamma, label = terms)) +
  geom_col(aes(color = "black"), alpha = 0.8, show.legend = FALSE, color = "white") +
  geom_text(hjust = 0, nudge_y = 0.0005, size = 3) +
  coord_flip() +
  scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0,0),
                     limits = c(0, 0.09),
                     labels = percent_format()) +
  labs(x = NULL, y = expression(gamma),
       title = "Top 20 topics by prevalence",
       subtitle = "With the top words that contribute to each topic") 

gamma_terms %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic gamma terms
Topic 21 0.0193238 research, literature, studies, theoretical, empirical, analysis, implications, understanding, framework, field
Topic 66 0.0182175 factors, survey, results, variables, found, findings, differences, influence, using, analysis
Topic 134 0.0151728 elsevier, reserved, results, inc, effect, effects, show, studies, impact, evidence
Topic 67 0.0140243 first, second, recent, review, discussion, concludes, three, two, discusses, historical
Topic 88 0.0117986 discourse, identity, social, neoliberal, practices, citizenship, contemporary, forms, within, argue
Topic 19 0.0115803 justice, view, notion, argue, one, idea, question, modern, thought, within
Topic 98 0.0111507 value, stock, market, returns, find, negative, significant, positive, effect, results
Topic 94 0.0109522 party, electoral, parties, election, elections, contributions, voting, campaign, voters, representation
Topic 121 0.0108758 will, must, many, future, need, may, world, now, continue, help
Topic 139 0.0107319 fiscal, cycle, spending, shocks, model, real, effects, consumption, budget, fluctuations
Topic 76 0.0106618 actors, society, stakeholders, civil, legitimacy, stakeholder, non, governmental, engagement, ngos
Topic 8 0.0105803 rate, hypothesis, cycles, period, unemployment, test, cycle, monetary, time, rates
Topic 28 0.0105400 american, century, class, early, british, late, history, era, black, became
Topic 46 0.0101381 countries, country, cross, across, differences, developed, developing, high, low, world
Topic 137 0.0101121 groups, interest, influence, group, activity, lobbying, interests, associations, lobby, activities
Topic 65 0.0094161 growth, productivity, output, estimates, volatility, data, effect, model, results, using
Topic 52 0.0093997 governments, right, preferences, support, left, policies, ideology, conservative, democracies, advanced
Topic 87 0.0093814 social, institutions, formal, informal, market, markets, norms, societies, exchange, embedded
Topic 111 0.0092192 past, decades, years, many, last, decade, time, much, one, professor
Topic 148 0.0091492 employment, distribution, sectors, size, industries, manufacturing, location, impact, effects, across
Topic 125 0.0090973 welfare, model, optimal, equilibrium, production, may, competition, policies, governments, tariff
Topic 7 0.0090861 law, legal, common, rule, delaware, fiduciary, duties, even, rather, incorporation
Topic 78 0.0090290 courts, court, note, federal, supreme, constitutional, act, doctrine, congress, clause
Topic 114 0.0089777 role, governance, play, roles, played, important, arrangements, plays, mechanisms, brazil
Topic 71 0.0088249 national, regional, level, regions, central, region, systems, development, system, different
Topic 9 0.0087843 investment, foreign, direct, investments, fdi, domestic, investors, invest, attract, indirect
Topic 13 0.0087638 tax, income, taxes, revenue, taxation, rates, revenues, avoidance, profit, rate
Topic 102 0.0087416 state, states, united, federal, kingdom, immigration, policies, federalism, particularly, interests
Topic 55 0.0086510 project, projects, programs, program, development, implementation, evaluation, process, based, support
Topic 68 0.0084736 changes, long, term, strategy, short, time, run, market, industries, years
Topic 36 0.0083515 industry, japanese, japan, german, korea, korean, production, industrial, market, since
Topic 30 0.0083483 firm, level, market, entry, size, effect, find, industry, exit, high
Topic 5 0.0083369 performance, relationship, relationships, positive, impact, findings, results, effects, improve, networking
Topic 103 0.0083228 industrial, development, technological, industry, research, knowledge, policies, funding, industries, commercialization
Topic 70 0.0082792 large, growth, small, businesses, scale, number, expansion, many, relatively, smaller
Topic 126 0.0082297 financial, crisis, bank, banks, finance, banking, markets, lending, system, market
Topic 50 0.0082086 issue, issues, approaches, development, agenda, special, sustainable, approach, ecosystem, papers
Topic 130 0.0081340 model, models, events, different, outcomes, players, interactions, two, case, complex
Topic 57 0.0081275 higher, lower, debt, associated, credit, levels, find, greater, increase, results
Topic 24 0.0080152 private, sector, agencies, goals, sectors, participation, governments, partnerships, extent, within
Topic 20 0.0078251 state, enterprises, owned, soes, enterprise, controlled, non, privately, soe, listed
Topic 145 0.0076039 regulatory, regulation, authority, regulators, accountability, regime, regulations, regulated, regulate, industry
Topic 29 0.0075242 institutional, effect, positive, pressures, internationalization, effects, environment, findings, influence, support
Topic 72 0.0075004 costs, cost, price, prices, market, transaction, pricing, low, markets, pay
Topic 140 0.0074236 making, decision, decisions, process, make, case, makers, made, choice, judgments
Topic 123 0.0074033 organizations, organizational, organization, profit, form, forms, within, nonprofit, hybrid, structure
Topic 33 0.0073908 european, strategic, europe, integration, union, process, eastern, major, commission, member
Topic 63 0.0073716 practices, sustainability, sustainable, strategies, implementation, copyright, environment, external, john, strategic
Topic 41 0.0073123 ethics, ethical, moral, codes, behavior, conduct, behaviour, morality, reasoning, issues
Topic 3 0.0072937 csr, responsibility, social, responsible, socially, activities, responsibilities, initiatives, concept, practice
Topic 60 0.0072024 uncertainty, related, cash, find, positively, flow, high, negatively, pronounced, effect
Topic 10 0.0071944 data, information, personal, privacy, use, individuals, collected, collection, protection, big
Topic 58 0.0071893 trade, export, international, domestic, wto, agreement, agreements, exports, free, world
Topic 80 0.0071224 elsevier, ltd, reserved, tourism, industry, development, interviews, published, travel, based
Topic 16 0.0070908 ties, emerging, capabilities, market, economies, capability, managerial, resource, resources, effect
Topic 77 0.0068989 capital, networks, network, venture, formation, initial, high, mobility, may, different
Topic 56 0.0068201 global, globalization, transnational, world, capitalism, national, international, increasingly, argue, across
Topic 84 0.0068199 directors, board, boards, executive, compensation, ceo, ceos, pay, executives, independent
Topic 107 0.0067929 entrepreneurs, knowledge, entrepreneurial, entrepreneurship, start, creation, opportunities, entrepreneur, potential, environment
Topic 149 0.0067843 reform, reforms, electricity, market, generation, system, electric, utilities, utility, liberalization
Topic 31 0.0067827 education, university, economics, students, training, school, skills, schools, universities, educational
Topic 104 0.0067537 host, home, mnes, country, international, multinational, distance, strategies, markets, emerging
Topic 32 0.0066857 workers, employees, gender, employee, employment, employers, discrimination, workplace, womens, female
Topic 69 0.0066784 technologies, information, infrastructure, technology, telecommunications, communication, technological, communications, systems, solutions
Topic 22 0.0064944 protection, laws, legal, investor, regulations, leverage, stronger, better, financing, weak
Topic 27 0.0064893 china, chinese, chinas, hong, kong, taiwan, development, market, western, since
Topic 101 0.0064883 relations, labour, bargaining, unions, industrial, union, workers, employment, strike, collective
Topic 105 0.0064719 control, shareholders, shareholder, controlling, minority, governance, takeover, investors, acquisitions, mechanisms
Topic 95 0.0064689 ownership, structure, transition, concentration, privatisation, economies, governance, czech, owners, structures
Topic 59 0.0064115 media, news, press, coverage, content, analysis, journalists, television, newspapers, newspaper
Topic 100 0.0063258 theory, failure, bankruptcy, may, authors, explain, creditors, process, reorganization, intervention
Topic 43 0.0063171 company, rules, assets, insolvency, companys, case, asset, creditors, law, proceedings
Topic 81 0.0063154 privatization, privatized, private, profit, may, market, incentives, constraints, partial, optimal
Topic 122 0.0062883 liability, rule, duty, entity, limited, tort, courts, judgment, legal, standard
Topic 45 0.0062400 legislation, act, legislative, industry, congress, tobacco, legislators, enacted, passed, recent
Topic 4 0.0061446 emissions, carbon, reduction, subsidies, scenarios, scenario, emission, usual, greenhouse, subsidy
Topic 135 0.0061414 consumer, consumers, products, product, marketing, market, brand, markets, sales, manufacturers
Topic 34 0.0061131 management, systems, managing, fisheries, practice, managed, manage, fishing, problems, system
Topic 133 0.0060468 connections, politically, connected, access, find, politicians, obtain, receive, non, connection
Topic 118 0.0060397 local, governments, municipal, municipalities, authorities, incentives, expenditures, population, county, officials
Topic 92 0.0060035 community, communities, within, peace, movements, place, interviews, movement, relationships, think
Topic 115 0.0060011 processes, activities, space, commercial, instruments, process, areas, marine, industry, based
Topic 62 0.0059794 litigation, judicial, cases, courts, judges, court, lawsuits, civil, defense, class
Topic 37 0.0059206 international, criminal, crime, law, legal, treaty, jurisdictions, crimes, jurisdiction, justice
Topic 127 0.0059009 corporations, self, compliance, corporation, conduct, code, behavior, privilege, benefit, effective
Topic 90 0.0058028 democratic, president, opposition, office, presidential, executive, parliamentary, opinion, elected, republican
Topic 15 0.0057720 cultural, culture, india, indian, language, production, french, cultures, film, popular
Topic 110 0.0057227 environmental, environment, pollution, regulations, industry, environmentally, concerns, polluting, impacts, pressures
Topic 42 0.0057045 services, service, provision, waste, goods, providers, delivery, provide, poor, governments
Topic 47 0.0056842 administrative, administration, agencies, police, powers, state, bureaucracy, bureaucratic, ireland, northern
Topic 82 0.0056485 land, use, urban, areas, planning, spatial, rural, area, development, landscape
Topic 136 0.0056469 risk, risks, insurance, taking, reduce, may, assessment, risky, mitigate, exposure
Topic 53 0.0056164 competition, antitrust, market, merger, copyright, competitive, conduct, mergers, analysis, markets
Topic 143 0.0055465 information, disclosure, transparency, reporting, reports, requirements, voluntary, mandatory, investors, annual
Topic 97 0.0055198 smes, small, medium, enterprises, sized, support, assistance, sme, enterprise, barriers
Topic 128 0.0055127 change, climate, adaptation, disaster, responses, resilience, future, response, impacts, following
Topic 14 0.0055074 companies, standards, standard, setting, company, block, put, many, follow, agreements
Topic 91 0.0055057 work, lawyers, deal, clients, practice, working, deals, career, associates, autonomy
Topic 119 0.0054558 resources, resource, natural, indigenous, neo, colonial, liberal, popular, nationalism, rich
Topic 1 0.0053988 politics, security, international, competition, intense, critical, debates, appears, sets, separation
Topic 73 0.0053362 values, democracy, freedom, democratic, philosophy, society, arguments, normative, concepts, philosophical
Topic 83 0.0052572 managers, managerial, top, earnings, executives, senior, evidence, manager, less, inequality
Topic 86 0.0051595 economy, economies, transition, sharing, shadow, market, conditions, shift, system, low
Topic 26 0.0051040 innovation, innovative, green, innovations, process, product, based, knowledge, activities, support
Topic 49 0.0050936 technology, science, transfer, scientific, high, park, tech, capacity, scientists, major
Topic 99 0.0050884 citizens, free, speech, amendment, first, campaign, scrutiny, court, right, finance
Topic 138 0.0050575 human, principles, respect, responsibilities, corporations, responsibility, guiding, framework, violations, nations
Topic 131 0.0050551 developing, south, africa, african, development, sub, aid, poverty, countries, many
Topic 18 0.0049733 energy, efficiency, policies, efficient, saving, consumption, use, conservation, technical, industrial
Topic 64 0.0049590 multinational, mncs, corporations, subsidiaries, multinationals, subsidiary, mnc, learning, strategies, corporation
Topic 79 0.0049524 design, creative, thinking, systems, concept, development, creativity, spaces, ideas, attention
Topic 17 0.0048015 claims, disputes, parties, arbitration, agreements, resolution, courts, provisions, dispute, court
Topic 146 0.0047927 accounting, professional, diversity, expertise, professionals, profession, consultants, experts, practitioners, practice
Topic 109 0.0047869 nations, cooperation, asia, asian, east, america, nation, latin, international, relations
Topic 11 0.0047816 elite, elites, interests, swedish, sweden, network, among, dominated, pluralism, strategies
Topic 147 0.0046607 conflict, war, conflicts, military, violence, civil, world, post, violent, cold
Topic 132 0.0046483 action, actions, collective, may, problems, take, individual, affirmative, case, benefits
Topic 89 0.0046253 demand, russian, western, russia, advertising, former, soviet, segments, one, people
Topic 113 0.0045346 labor, workers, wage, organized, adjustment, worker, market, child, unions, skill
Topic 48 0.0045331 quality, audit, auditors, report, client, independence, fees, committee, clients, fraud
Topic 124 0.0044867 city, real, construction, cities, urban, development, estate, bid, developers, improvement
Topic 108 0.0044866 leaders, leadership, leader, prime, minister, ministers, success, executives, top, people
Topic 93 0.0044537 internet, online, digital, platform, users, platforms, mobile, surveillance, user, intermediaries
Topic 120 0.0044100 corruption, officials, bureaucratic, corrupt, anti, stability, level, red, integrity, levels
Topic 38 0.0043922 housing, urban, post, associations, london, programmes, income, residents, towards, social
Topic 12 0.0042862 property, patent, intellectual, patents, licensing, pharmaceutical, industry, system, license, licenses
Topic 116 0.0042653 adoption, commerce, transactions, software, electronic, framework, use, cross, model, border
Topic 112 0.0042550 contracts, contract, suppliers, procurement, contracting, customer, allocation, supplier, terms, contractors
Topic 129 0.0042305 agency, principal, trading, securities, agents, monitoring, insider, agent, insiders, problem
Topic 51 0.0042275 funds, fund, equity, pension, investors, funding, mutual, plans, investment, plan
Topic 6 0.0041351 power, nuclear, plants, plant, structural, expansion, powers, expand, support, capacity
Topic 40 0.0041214 enforcement, anti, bribery, foreign, sanctions, illegal, enforce, practices, laws, violations
Topic 75 0.0040825 energy, solar, technologies, renewable, transition, support, clean, models, deployment, policies
Topic 106 0.0040047 core, functions, affairs, outsourcing, priorities, manage, tasks, governments, important, increasingly
Topic 2 0.0039687 mining, extraction, resistance, communities, gold, industry, boom, development, case, extractive
Topic 25 0.0038098 supply, forest, chain, chains, production, certification, timber, forestry, value, industry
Topic 54 0.0037851 oil, nigeria, petroleum, development, macro, producing, challenges, strategies, however, country
Topic 44 0.0037667 gas, australian, australia, coal, industry, natural, production, australias, oil, development
Topic 39 0.0036826 seeking, capture, rent, productive, rents, transfers, market, problem, may, extract
Topic 141 0.0036319 joint, ventures, partners, alliances, venture, cooperative, partner, alliance, form, hazards
Topic 35 0.0036257 agricultural, farmers, farm, rural, agriculture, household, payments, production, households, farming
Topic 144 0.0033559 mining, mineral, extractive, industries, resources, resource, revenues, exploitation, international, governments
Topic 96 0.0033167 family, members, diversification, families, children, controlled, research, non, implications, member
Topic 117 0.0032887 threat, threats, intelligence, council, weaknesses, strengths, design, centers, systems, system
Topic 74 0.0031649 health, care, medical, pharmaceutical, interventions, system, providers, treatment, affordable, drugs
Topic 23 0.0031452 side, energy, renewable, demand, wind, mexico, mexican, policies, development, capacity
Topic 85 0.0031339 trust, food, safety, consumption, people, confidence, sustainable, industry, however, health
Topic 142 0.0027142 canada, canadian, transport, air, burden, chemical, transportation, effective, response, provincial
Topic 61 0.0024796 water, dutch, netherlands, case, resources, development, company, access, proposition, part
Topic 150 0.0017717 women, related, support, number, highly, many, among, previous, may, however
# LDA visualization
toLDAvis(df_stm, docs)

# covariates
out$meta$field = as.factor(out$meta$field)
prep <- estimateEffect(1:i ~ field + s(months_since_first_pub),
                       df_stm,
                       meta = out$meta,
                       uncertainty = "Global")

result_reg <- tidy(prep) %>%
  mutate(p.value = round(p.value, digits = 3),
         term = str_remove(term, "field"))
  
# result_reg %>%
#   mutate(p.value = cell_spec(p.value, "html", color = ifelse(p.value <= 0.05, "blue", "red"))) %>%
#   kable(format = "html", escape = F) %>%
#   kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)

topic_field_matched <- result_reg %>%
  filter(!str_detect(term, pattern = "s[(]"),
         p.value < 0.1) %>%
  mutate(term = ifelse(term == "(Intercept)", "Business", term),
         term = ifelse(estimate < 0, "Unclear", term)) %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  mutate(max_estimate = max(estimate)) %>%
  ungroup() %>%
  filter(estimate == max_estimate) 

topic_field_matched %>%
  mutate(p.value = cell_spec(p.value, "html", color = ifelse(p.value <= 0.05, "blue", "red"))) %>%
  kable(format = "html", escape = F) %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic term estimate std.error statistic p.value max_estimate
1 Political Science 0.0071260 0.0007660 9.302683 0 0.0071260
2 Environmental Studies 0.0160882 0.0022429 7.173081 0 0.0160882
3 Business 0.0120953 0.0071832 1.683826 0.092 0.0120953
4 Environmental Studies 0.0247670 0.0023035 10.751772 0 0.0247670
5 Business 0.0098766 0.0056119 1.759948 0.078 0.0098766
6 Environmental Studies 0.0040031 0.0010812 3.702422 0 0.0040031
7 Law 0.0245573 0.0017738 13.844226 0 0.0245573
8 Business 0.0248659 0.0106537 2.334006 0.02 0.0248659
9 Economics 0.0048922 0.0010980 4.455784 0 0.0048922
10 Law 0.0054573 0.0013832 3.945411 0 0.0054573
11 Social Sciences 0.0120239 0.0020919 5.747978 0 0.0120239
12 Law 0.0125394 0.0019726 6.356660 0 0.0125394
13 Economics 0.0168928 0.0017569 9.615195 0 0.0168928
14 Business 0.0044391 0.0024577 1.806182 0.071 0.0044391
15 Social Sciences 0.0116231 0.0017944 6.477301 0 0.0116231
16 Management 0.0071126 0.0029548 2.407123 0.016 0.0071126
17 Law 0.0223193 0.0021853 10.213364 0 0.0223193
18 Environmental Studies 0.0170904 0.0017230 9.919004 0 0.0170904
19 Unclear -0.0045752 0.0020329 -2.250543 0.024 -0.0045752
20 Economics 0.0057801 0.0012430 4.649968 0 0.0057801
21 Business 0.0154110 0.0065751 2.343859 0.019 0.0154110
22 Economics 0.0039560 0.0012316 3.211943 0.001 0.0039560
23 Environmental Studies 0.0117981 0.0016512 7.144971 0 0.0117981
24 Political Science 0.0032673 0.0006780 4.818984 0 0.0032673
25 Environmental Studies 0.0116827 0.0015031 7.772570 0 0.0116827
26 Management 0.0108223 0.0019313 5.603687 0 0.0108223
27 Unclear -0.0034155 0.0012552 -2.720947 0.007 -0.0034155
28 Social Sciences 0.0130181 0.0022301 5.837604 0 0.0130181
29 Management 0.0033101 0.0019999 1.655099 0.098 0.0033101
30 Business 0.0089348 0.0047040 1.899422 0.058 0.0089348
31 Unclear -0.0022364 0.0011006 -2.031921 0.042 -0.0022364
32 Social Sciences 0.0066976 0.0017192 3.895767 0 0.0066976
33 Business 0.0104665 0.0058520 1.788535 0.074 0.0104665
34 Management 0.0056340 0.0016367 3.442195 0.001 0.0056340
35 Environmental Studies 0.0073422 0.0013806 5.318107 0 0.0073422
36 Business 0.0187713 0.0109592 1.712835 0.087 0.0187713
37 Law 0.0178812 0.0028521 6.269509 0 0.0178812
38 Environmental Studies 0.0168373 0.0016144 10.429218 0 0.0168373
39 Economics 0.0043323 0.0011462 3.779733 0 0.0043323
40 Law 0.0080344 0.0019742 4.069777 0 0.0080344
41 Business 0.0274006 0.0110237 2.485615 0.013 0.0274006
42 Environmental Studies 0.0041951 0.0010518 3.988421 0 0.0041951
43 Law 0.0087756 0.0019156 4.581073 0 0.0087756
44 Environmental Studies 0.0099368 0.0017235 5.765559 0 0.0099368
45 Law 0.0112108 0.0020561 5.452572 0 0.0112108
46 Economics 0.0052256 0.0012760 4.095237 0 0.0052256
47 Political Science 0.0135739 0.0017284 7.853564 0 0.0135739
48 Unclear -0.0029314 0.0015967 -1.835948 0.066 -0.0029314
49 Management 0.0101678 0.0017901 5.680014 0 0.0101678
50 Environmental Studies 0.0030154 0.0016356 1.843566 0.065 0.0030154
51 Law 0.0042636 0.0018611 2.290863 0.022 0.0042636
52 Political Science 0.0261591 0.0019782 13.223552 0 0.0261591
53 Law 0.0219733 0.0028419 7.731889 0 0.0219733
54 Environmental Studies 0.0088785 0.0018297 4.852341 0 0.0088785
55 Management 0.0105098 0.0021216 4.953661 0 0.0105098
56 Social Sciences 0.0035597 0.0012018 2.961977 0.003 0.0035597
57 Economics 0.0100684 0.0016769 6.004254 0 0.0100684
58 Economics 0.0078092 0.0013380 5.836448 0 0.0078092
59 Social Sciences 0.0256199 0.0026365 9.717465 0 0.0256199
60 Economics 0.0029965 0.0017386 1.723563 0.085 0.0029965
61 Environmental Studies 0.0065634 0.0015563 4.217367 0 0.0065634
62 Law 0.0280505 0.0026158 10.723666 0 0.0280505
63 Environmental Studies 0.0062062 0.0024499 2.533237 0.011 0.0062062
64 Management 0.0043897 0.0022733 1.930971 0.054 0.0043897
65 Economics 0.0256824 0.0021059 12.195240 0 0.0256824
66 Business 0.0189207 0.0089945 2.103570 0.035 0.0189207
67 Business 0.0152978 0.0084699 1.806142 0.071 0.0152978
68 Business 0.0084958 0.0033777 2.515286 0.012 0.0084958
69 Management 0.0125029 0.0026505 4.717288 0 0.0125029
70 Unclear -0.0021230 0.0007670 -2.768050 0.006 -0.0021230
71 Environmental Studies 0.0093399 0.0015320 6.096731 0 0.0093399
72 Business 0.0105163 0.0059162 1.777530 0.076 0.0105163
73 Unclear -0.0024973 0.0013084 -1.908681 0.056 -0.0024973
74 Law 0.0053466 0.0014501 3.687132 0 0.0053466
75 Environmental Studies 0.0216585 0.0023548 9.197390 0 0.0216585
76 Unclear -0.0076475 0.0014604 -5.236442 0 -0.0076475
77 Unclear -0.0026847 0.0011057 -2.428064 0.015 -0.0026847
78 Law 0.0613823 0.0032365 18.965879 0 0.0613823
79 Environmental Studies 0.0064722 0.0021615 2.994294 0.003 0.0064722
80 Environmental Studies 0.0241811 0.0024461 9.885454 0 0.0241811
81 Economics 0.0158265 0.0014672 10.787134 0 0.0158265
82 Environmental Studies 0.0239850 0.0019272 12.445361 0 0.0239850
83 Business 0.0145746 0.0059340 2.456096 0.014 0.0145746
84 Unclear -0.0059373 0.0019294 -3.077202 0.002 -0.0059373
85 Social Sciences 0.0028333 0.0012702 2.230559 0.026 0.0028333
86 Economics 0.0032555 0.0007333 4.439309 0 0.0032555
87 Business 0.0069432 0.0038122 1.821300 0.069 0.0069432
88 Social Sciences 0.0278948 0.0027951 9.979748 0 0.0278948
89 Social Sciences 0.0035325 0.0016674 2.118486 0.034 0.0035325
90 Political Science 0.0172361 0.0017645 9.768167 0 0.0172361
91 Law 0.0048418 0.0012500 3.873354 0 0.0048418
92 Social Sciences 0.0105291 0.0023008 4.576178 0 0.0105291
93 Social Sciences 0.0106636 0.0016071 6.635424 0 0.0106636
94 Political Science 0.0283498 0.0020829 13.610411 0 0.0283498
95 Economics 0.0044966 0.0012942 3.474481 0.001 0.0044966
96 Unclear -0.0024072 0.0013859 -1.736964 0.082 -0.0024072
97 Unclear -0.0035759 0.0015403 -2.321631 0.02 -0.0035759
98 Economics 0.0049980 0.0016546 3.020686 0.003 0.0049980
99 Law 0.0215924 0.0020640 10.461416 0 0.0215924
100 Business 0.0123312 0.0067263 1.833282 0.067 0.0123312
101 Business 0.0172932 0.0088551 1.952908 0.051 0.0172932
102 Law 0.0115241 0.0012135 9.496196 0 0.0115241
103 Management 0.0271906 0.0035425 7.675537 0 0.0271906
104 Business 0.0128515 0.0074062 1.735238 0.083 0.0128515
105 Law 0.0022925 0.0013625 1.682594 0.092 0.0022925
106 Political Science 0.0031835 0.0013744 2.316308 0.021 0.0031835
107 Business 0.0105677 0.0056180 1.881039 0.06 0.0105677
108 Unclear -0.0036524 0.0013549 -2.695734 0.007 -0.0036524
109 Political Science 0.0062821 0.0013081 4.802361 0 0.0062821
110 Environmental Studies 0.0120870 0.0017095 7.070515 0 0.0120870
111 Business 0.0148646 0.0088454 1.680500 0.093 0.0148646
112 Unclear -0.0019684 0.0011330 -1.737246 0.082 -0.0019684
113 Business 0.0156484 0.0083861 1.865983 0.062 0.0156484
114 Business 0.0062383 0.0036439 1.711982 0.087 0.0062383
115 Environmental Studies 0.0115347 0.0018688 6.172094 0 0.0115347
116 Law 0.0070166 0.0015549 4.512579 0 0.0070166
117 Unclear -0.0023277 0.0013764 -1.691190 0.091 -0.0023277
118 Environmental Studies 0.0085313 0.0015518 5.497820 0 0.0085313
119 Social Sciences 0.0060591 0.0013953 4.342495 0 0.0060591
120 Unclear -0.0051367 0.0015483 -3.317690 0.001 -0.0051367
121 Business 0.0257983 0.0094394 2.733060 0.006 0.0257983
122 Law 0.0298067 0.0022557 13.214094 0 0.0298067
123 Business 0.0093991 0.0046258 2.031868 0.042 0.0093991
124 Environmental Studies 0.0098743 0.0012941 7.630273 0 0.0098743
125 Economics 0.0294816 0.0024530 12.018547 0 0.0294816
126 Economics 0.0037761 0.0010319 3.659395 0 0.0037761
127 Law 0.0061501 0.0013228 4.649336 0 0.0061501
128 Environmental Studies 0.0073632 0.0012242 6.014451 0 0.0073632
129 Law 0.0041183 0.0014363 2.867415 0.004 0.0041183
130 Social Sciences 0.0058414 0.0024340 2.399884 0.016 0.0058414
131 Environmental Studies 0.0047245 0.0011298 4.181623 0 0.0047245
132 Law 0.0043325 0.0013064 3.316302 0.001 0.0043325
133 Economics 0.0036281 0.0015191 2.388279 0.017 0.0036281
134 Economics 0.0199421 0.0016529 12.064916 0 0.0199421
135 Unclear -0.0022234 0.0012616 -1.762402 0.078 -0.0022234
136 Unclear -0.0021977 0.0009483 -2.317573 0.02 -0.0021977
137 Political Science 0.0079177 0.0010742 7.371047 0 0.0079177
138 Unclear -0.0026751 0.0013290 -2.012885 0.044 -0.0026751
139 Economics 0.0345625 0.0019572 17.659280 0 0.0345625
140 Law 0.0030788 0.0010774 2.857637 0.004 0.0030788
141 Unclear -0.0029453 0.0009775 -3.013088 0.003 -0.0029453
142 Environmental Studies 0.0039268 0.0012535 3.132691 0.002 0.0039268
143 Unclear -0.0039667 0.0012482 -3.177959 0.001 -0.0039667
144 Environmental Studies 0.0161196 0.0017819 9.046232 0 0.0161196
145 Law 0.0063093 0.0011518 5.477704 0 0.0063093
146 Unclear -0.0024962 0.0014173 -1.761284 0.078 -0.0024962
147 Political Science 0.0049961 0.0011699 4.270702 0 0.0049961
148 Economics 0.0137166 0.0018992 7.222204 0 0.0137166
149 Environmental Studies 0.0158086 0.0021182 7.463169 0 0.0158086
150 Business 0.0005436 0.0003206 1.695420 0.09 0.0005436
topic_best_term <- result_reg %>%
  filter(!str_detect(term, pattern = "s[(]"),
         p.value < 0.1) %>%
  mutate(term = ifelse(term == "(Intercept)", "Business", term),
         term = ifelse(estimate < 0, "Unclear", term)) %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  mutate(max_estimate = max(estimate)) %>%
  ungroup() %>%
  filter(estimate == max_estimate)

topic_field_gamma <- gamma_terms %>%
  mutate(topic = as.factor(trimws(str_remove(topic, "Topic ")))) %>%
  left_join(topic_field_matched %>% select(topic, term) %>% mutate(topic = as.factor(topic)) %>% rename(field = term)) %>%
  select(topic, field, gamma, terms) 

topic_field_gamma %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic field gamma terms
21 Business 0.0193238 research, literature, studies, theoretical, empirical, analysis, implications, understanding, framework, field
66 Business 0.0182175 factors, survey, results, variables, found, findings, differences, influence, using, analysis
134 Economics 0.0151728 elsevier, reserved, results, inc, effect, effects, show, studies, impact, evidence
67 Business 0.0140243 first, second, recent, review, discussion, concludes, three, two, discusses, historical
88 Social Sciences 0.0117986 discourse, identity, social, neoliberal, practices, citizenship, contemporary, forms, within, argue
19 Unclear 0.0115803 justice, view, notion, argue, one, idea, question, modern, thought, within
98 Economics 0.0111507 value, stock, market, returns, find, negative, significant, positive, effect, results
94 Political Science 0.0109522 party, electoral, parties, election, elections, contributions, voting, campaign, voters, representation
121 Business 0.0108758 will, must, many, future, need, may, world, now, continue, help
139 Economics 0.0107319 fiscal, cycle, spending, shocks, model, real, effects, consumption, budget, fluctuations
76 Unclear 0.0106618 actors, society, stakeholders, civil, legitimacy, stakeholder, non, governmental, engagement, ngos
8 Business 0.0105803 rate, hypothesis, cycles, period, unemployment, test, cycle, monetary, time, rates
28 Social Sciences 0.0105400 american, century, class, early, british, late, history, era, black, became
46 Economics 0.0101381 countries, country, cross, across, differences, developed, developing, high, low, world
137 Political Science 0.0101121 groups, interest, influence, group, activity, lobbying, interests, associations, lobby, activities
65 Economics 0.0094161 growth, productivity, output, estimates, volatility, data, effect, model, results, using
52 Political Science 0.0093997 governments, right, preferences, support, left, policies, ideology, conservative, democracies, advanced
87 Business 0.0093814 social, institutions, formal, informal, market, markets, norms, societies, exchange, embedded
111 Business 0.0092192 past, decades, years, many, last, decade, time, much, one, professor
148 Economics 0.0091492 employment, distribution, sectors, size, industries, manufacturing, location, impact, effects, across
125 Economics 0.0090973 welfare, model, optimal, equilibrium, production, may, competition, policies, governments, tariff
7 Law 0.0090861 law, legal, common, rule, delaware, fiduciary, duties, even, rather, incorporation
78 Law 0.0090290 courts, court, note, federal, supreme, constitutional, act, doctrine, congress, clause
114 Business 0.0089777 role, governance, play, roles, played, important, arrangements, plays, mechanisms, brazil
71 Environmental Studies 0.0088249 national, regional, level, regions, central, region, systems, development, system, different
9 Economics 0.0087843 investment, foreign, direct, investments, fdi, domestic, investors, invest, attract, indirect
13 Economics 0.0087638 tax, income, taxes, revenue, taxation, rates, revenues, avoidance, profit, rate
102 Law 0.0087416 state, states, united, federal, kingdom, immigration, policies, federalism, particularly, interests
55 Management 0.0086510 project, projects, programs, program, development, implementation, evaluation, process, based, support
68 Business 0.0084736 changes, long, term, strategy, short, time, run, market, industries, years
36 Business 0.0083515 industry, japanese, japan, german, korea, korean, production, industrial, market, since
30 Business 0.0083483 firm, level, market, entry, size, effect, find, industry, exit, high
5 Business 0.0083369 performance, relationship, relationships, positive, impact, findings, results, effects, improve, networking
103 Management 0.0083228 industrial, development, technological, industry, research, knowledge, policies, funding, industries, commercialization
70 Unclear 0.0082792 large, growth, small, businesses, scale, number, expansion, many, relatively, smaller
126 Economics 0.0082297 financial, crisis, bank, banks, finance, banking, markets, lending, system, market
50 Environmental Studies 0.0082086 issue, issues, approaches, development, agenda, special, sustainable, approach, ecosystem, papers
130 Social Sciences 0.0081340 model, models, events, different, outcomes, players, interactions, two, case, complex
57 Economics 0.0081275 higher, lower, debt, associated, credit, levels, find, greater, increase, results
24 Political Science 0.0080152 private, sector, agencies, goals, sectors, participation, governments, partnerships, extent, within
20 Economics 0.0078251 state, enterprises, owned, soes, enterprise, controlled, non, privately, soe, listed
145 Law 0.0076039 regulatory, regulation, authority, regulators, accountability, regime, regulations, regulated, regulate, industry
29 Management 0.0075242 institutional, effect, positive, pressures, internationalization, effects, environment, findings, influence, support
72 Business 0.0075004 costs, cost, price, prices, market, transaction, pricing, low, markets, pay
140 Law 0.0074236 making, decision, decisions, process, make, case, makers, made, choice, judgments
123 Business 0.0074033 organizations, organizational, organization, profit, form, forms, within, nonprofit, hybrid, structure
33 Business 0.0073908 european, strategic, europe, integration, union, process, eastern, major, commission, member
63 Environmental Studies 0.0073716 practices, sustainability, sustainable, strategies, implementation, copyright, environment, external, john, strategic
41 Business 0.0073123 ethics, ethical, moral, codes, behavior, conduct, behaviour, morality, reasoning, issues
3 Business 0.0072937 csr, responsibility, social, responsible, socially, activities, responsibilities, initiatives, concept, practice
60 Economics 0.0072024 uncertainty, related, cash, find, positively, flow, high, negatively, pronounced, effect
10 Law 0.0071944 data, information, personal, privacy, use, individuals, collected, collection, protection, big
58 Economics 0.0071893 trade, export, international, domestic, wto, agreement, agreements, exports, free, world
80 Environmental Studies 0.0071224 elsevier, ltd, reserved, tourism, industry, development, interviews, published, travel, based
16 Management 0.0070908 ties, emerging, capabilities, market, economies, capability, managerial, resource, resources, effect
77 Unclear 0.0068989 capital, networks, network, venture, formation, initial, high, mobility, may, different
56 Social Sciences 0.0068201 global, globalization, transnational, world, capitalism, national, international, increasingly, argue, across
84 Unclear 0.0068199 directors, board, boards, executive, compensation, ceo, ceos, pay, executives, independent
107 Business 0.0067929 entrepreneurs, knowledge, entrepreneurial, entrepreneurship, start, creation, opportunities, entrepreneur, potential, environment
149 Environmental Studies 0.0067843 reform, reforms, electricity, market, generation, system, electric, utilities, utility, liberalization
31 Unclear 0.0067827 education, university, economics, students, training, school, skills, schools, universities, educational
104 Business 0.0067537 host, home, mnes, country, international, multinational, distance, strategies, markets, emerging
32 Social Sciences 0.0066857 workers, employees, gender, employee, employment, employers, discrimination, workplace, womens, female
69 Management 0.0066784 technologies, information, infrastructure, technology, telecommunications, communication, technological, communications, systems, solutions
22 Economics 0.0064944 protection, laws, legal, investor, regulations, leverage, stronger, better, financing, weak
27 Unclear 0.0064893 china, chinese, chinas, hong, kong, taiwan, development, market, western, since
101 Business 0.0064883 relations, labour, bargaining, unions, industrial, union, workers, employment, strike, collective
105 Law 0.0064719 control, shareholders, shareholder, controlling, minority, governance, takeover, investors, acquisitions, mechanisms
95 Economics 0.0064689 ownership, structure, transition, concentration, privatisation, economies, governance, czech, owners, structures
59 Social Sciences 0.0064115 media, news, press, coverage, content, analysis, journalists, television, newspapers, newspaper
100 Business 0.0063258 theory, failure, bankruptcy, may, authors, explain, creditors, process, reorganization, intervention
43 Law 0.0063171 company, rules, assets, insolvency, companys, case, asset, creditors, law, proceedings
81 Economics 0.0063154 privatization, privatized, private, profit, may, market, incentives, constraints, partial, optimal
122 Law 0.0062883 liability, rule, duty, entity, limited, tort, courts, judgment, legal, standard
45 Law 0.0062400 legislation, act, legislative, industry, congress, tobacco, legislators, enacted, passed, recent
4 Environmental Studies 0.0061446 emissions, carbon, reduction, subsidies, scenarios, scenario, emission, usual, greenhouse, subsidy
135 Unclear 0.0061414 consumer, consumers, products, product, marketing, market, brand, markets, sales, manufacturers
34 Management 0.0061131 management, systems, managing, fisheries, practice, managed, manage, fishing, problems, system
133 Economics 0.0060468 connections, politically, connected, access, find, politicians, obtain, receive, non, connection
118 Environmental Studies 0.0060397 local, governments, municipal, municipalities, authorities, incentives, expenditures, population, county, officials
92 Social Sciences 0.0060035 community, communities, within, peace, movements, place, interviews, movement, relationships, think
115 Environmental Studies 0.0060011 processes, activities, space, commercial, instruments, process, areas, marine, industry, based
62 Law 0.0059794 litigation, judicial, cases, courts, judges, court, lawsuits, civil, defense, class
37 Law 0.0059206 international, criminal, crime, law, legal, treaty, jurisdictions, crimes, jurisdiction, justice
127 Law 0.0059009 corporations, self, compliance, corporation, conduct, code, behavior, privilege, benefit, effective
90 Political Science 0.0058028 democratic, president, opposition, office, presidential, executive, parliamentary, opinion, elected, republican
15 Social Sciences 0.0057720 cultural, culture, india, indian, language, production, french, cultures, film, popular
110 Environmental Studies 0.0057227 environmental, environment, pollution, regulations, industry, environmentally, concerns, polluting, impacts, pressures
42 Environmental Studies 0.0057045 services, service, provision, waste, goods, providers, delivery, provide, poor, governments
47 Political Science 0.0056842 administrative, administration, agencies, police, powers, state, bureaucracy, bureaucratic, ireland, northern
82 Environmental Studies 0.0056485 land, use, urban, areas, planning, spatial, rural, area, development, landscape
136 Unclear 0.0056469 risk, risks, insurance, taking, reduce, may, assessment, risky, mitigate, exposure
53 Law 0.0056164 competition, antitrust, market, merger, copyright, competitive, conduct, mergers, analysis, markets
143 Unclear 0.0055465 information, disclosure, transparency, reporting, reports, requirements, voluntary, mandatory, investors, annual
97 Unclear 0.0055198 smes, small, medium, enterprises, sized, support, assistance, sme, enterprise, barriers
128 Environmental Studies 0.0055127 change, climate, adaptation, disaster, responses, resilience, future, response, impacts, following
14 Business 0.0055074 companies, standards, standard, setting, company, block, put, many, follow, agreements
91 Law 0.0055057 work, lawyers, deal, clients, practice, working, deals, career, associates, autonomy
119 Social Sciences 0.0054558 resources, resource, natural, indigenous, neo, colonial, liberal, popular, nationalism, rich
1 Political Science 0.0053988 politics, security, international, competition, intense, critical, debates, appears, sets, separation
73 Unclear 0.0053362 values, democracy, freedom, democratic, philosophy, society, arguments, normative, concepts, philosophical
83 Business 0.0052572 managers, managerial, top, earnings, executives, senior, evidence, manager, less, inequality
86 Economics 0.0051595 economy, economies, transition, sharing, shadow, market, conditions, shift, system, low
26 Management 0.0051040 innovation, innovative, green, innovations, process, product, based, knowledge, activities, support
49 Management 0.0050936 technology, science, transfer, scientific, high, park, tech, capacity, scientists, major
99 Law 0.0050884 citizens, free, speech, amendment, first, campaign, scrutiny, court, right, finance
138 Unclear 0.0050575 human, principles, respect, responsibilities, corporations, responsibility, guiding, framework, violations, nations
131 Environmental Studies 0.0050551 developing, south, africa, african, development, sub, aid, poverty, countries, many
18 Environmental Studies 0.0049733 energy, efficiency, policies, efficient, saving, consumption, use, conservation, technical, industrial
64 Management 0.0049590 multinational, mncs, corporations, subsidiaries, multinationals, subsidiary, mnc, learning, strategies, corporation
79 Environmental Studies 0.0049524 design, creative, thinking, systems, concept, development, creativity, spaces, ideas, attention
17 Law 0.0048015 claims, disputes, parties, arbitration, agreements, resolution, courts, provisions, dispute, court
146 Unclear 0.0047927 accounting, professional, diversity, expertise, professionals, profession, consultants, experts, practitioners, practice
109 Political Science 0.0047869 nations, cooperation, asia, asian, east, america, nation, latin, international, relations
11 Social Sciences 0.0047816 elite, elites, interests, swedish, sweden, network, among, dominated, pluralism, strategies
147 Political Science 0.0046607 conflict, war, conflicts, military, violence, civil, world, post, violent, cold
132 Law 0.0046483 action, actions, collective, may, problems, take, individual, affirmative, case, benefits
89 Social Sciences 0.0046253 demand, russian, western, russia, advertising, former, soviet, segments, one, people
113 Business 0.0045346 labor, workers, wage, organized, adjustment, worker, market, child, unions, skill
48 Unclear 0.0045331 quality, audit, auditors, report, client, independence, fees, committee, clients, fraud
124 Environmental Studies 0.0044867 city, real, construction, cities, urban, development, estate, bid, developers, improvement
108 Unclear 0.0044866 leaders, leadership, leader, prime, minister, ministers, success, executives, top, people
93 Social Sciences 0.0044537 internet, online, digital, platform, users, platforms, mobile, surveillance, user, intermediaries
120 Unclear 0.0044100 corruption, officials, bureaucratic, corrupt, anti, stability, level, red, integrity, levels
38 Environmental Studies 0.0043922 housing, urban, post, associations, london, programmes, income, residents, towards, social
12 Law 0.0042862 property, patent, intellectual, patents, licensing, pharmaceutical, industry, system, license, licenses
116 Law 0.0042653 adoption, commerce, transactions, software, electronic, framework, use, cross, model, border
112 Unclear 0.0042550 contracts, contract, suppliers, procurement, contracting, customer, allocation, supplier, terms, contractors
129 Law 0.0042305 agency, principal, trading, securities, agents, monitoring, insider, agent, insiders, problem
51 Law 0.0042275 funds, fund, equity, pension, investors, funding, mutual, plans, investment, plan
6 Environmental Studies 0.0041351 power, nuclear, plants, plant, structural, expansion, powers, expand, support, capacity
40 Law 0.0041214 enforcement, anti, bribery, foreign, sanctions, illegal, enforce, practices, laws, violations
75 Environmental Studies 0.0040825 energy, solar, technologies, renewable, transition, support, clean, models, deployment, policies
106 Political Science 0.0040047 core, functions, affairs, outsourcing, priorities, manage, tasks, governments, important, increasingly
2 Environmental Studies 0.0039687 mining, extraction, resistance, communities, gold, industry, boom, development, case, extractive
25 Environmental Studies 0.0038098 supply, forest, chain, chains, production, certification, timber, forestry, value, industry
54 Environmental Studies 0.0037851 oil, nigeria, petroleum, development, macro, producing, challenges, strategies, however, country
44 Environmental Studies 0.0037667 gas, australian, australia, coal, industry, natural, production, australias, oil, development
39 Economics 0.0036826 seeking, capture, rent, productive, rents, transfers, market, problem, may, extract
141 Unclear 0.0036319 joint, ventures, partners, alliances, venture, cooperative, partner, alliance, form, hazards
35 Environmental Studies 0.0036257 agricultural, farmers, farm, rural, agriculture, household, payments, production, households, farming
144 Environmental Studies 0.0033559 mining, mineral, extractive, industries, resources, resource, revenues, exploitation, international, governments
96 Unclear 0.0033167 family, members, diversification, families, children, controlled, research, non, implications, member
117 Unclear 0.0032887 threat, threats, intelligence, council, weaknesses, strengths, design, centers, systems, system
74 Law 0.0031649 health, care, medical, pharmaceutical, interventions, system, providers, treatment, affordable, drugs
23 Environmental Studies 0.0031452 side, energy, renewable, demand, wind, mexico, mexican, policies, development, capacity
85 Social Sciences 0.0031339 trust, food, safety, consumption, people, confidence, sustainable, industry, however, health
142 Environmental Studies 0.0027142 canada, canadian, transport, air, burden, chemical, transportation, effective, response, provincial
61 Environmental Studies 0.0024796 water, dutch, netherlands, case, resources, development, company, access, proposition, part
150 Business 0.0017717 women, related, support, number, highly, many, among, previous, may, however
a <- labelTopics(df_stm, topics = c(1:i))

topic_full_description <- tibble(Topic = a$topicnums,
       frex = as_tibble(a$frex) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull(),
       prob = as_tibble(a$prob) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull(),
       lift = as_tibble(a$lift) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull(),
       score = as_tibble(a$score) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull())

topic_full_table <- topic_field_gamma %>%
  left_join(topic_full_description %>% janitor::clean_names() %>% mutate(topic = as.factor(topic))) %>%
  select(-terms)

topic_full_table %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic field gamma frex prob lift score
21 Business 0.0193238 research, literature, theoretical, insights, researchers, studies, field research, literature, studies, theoretical, empirical, analysis, implications journals, research, publications, researchers, topic, avenues, literature journals, research, literature, theoretical, studies, researchers, review
66 Business 0.0182175 factors, survey, variables, indicators, perceptions, attitudes, perceived factors, survey, results, variables, found, findings, differences satisfaction, respondents, indicators, predictors, factors, survey, questionnaire satisfaction, factors, survey, variables, respondents, indicators, results
134 Economics 0.0151728 inc, reserved, elsevier, journal, association, probability, comparative elsevier, reserved, results, inc, effect, effects, show duration, inc, logit, matching, journal, probability, reserved duration, elsevier, reserved, inc, results, journal, effect
67 Business 0.0140243 discussion, review, discusses, works, second, essay, section first, second, recent, review, discussion, concludes, three books, brief, essay, works, concluding, reviews, author books, review, essay, section, works, discussion, author
88 Social Sciences 0.0117986 neoliberal, citizenship, identity, discourse, discourses, discursive, understandings discourse, identity, social, neoliberal, practices, citizenship, contemporary citizenship, discourses, neoliberal, discursive, understandings, identity, discourse citizenship, discourse, identity, neoliberal, discourses, discursive, social
19 Unclear 0.0115803 notion, justice, thought, idea, conception, virtue, modern justice, view, notion, argue, one, idea, question virtue, conception, thought, notion, conceptions, criticisms, idea virtue, justice, conception, notion, thought, conceptions, ideal
98 Economics 0.0111507 stock, returns, value, abnormal, turnover, return, event value, stock, market, returns, find, negative, significant abnormal, returns, stock, announcement, value, turnover, reaction abnormal, value, stock, returns, turnover, listed, market
94 Political Science 0.0109522 party, electoral, voters, vote, elections, election, votes party, electoral, parties, election, elections, contributions, voting votes, vote, party, voters, candidates, partys, voter votes, party, electoral, election, elections, voters, voting
121 Business 0.0108758 will, must, continue, now, future, need, currently will, must, many, future, need, may, world virtual, will, must, continue, getting, already, unless virtual, will, must, continue, future, now, many
139 Economics 0.0107319 shocks, fiscal, spending, cycle, fluctuations, cyclical, budget fiscal, cycle, spending, shocks, model, real, effects keynesian, shocks, cyclical, fluctuations, fiscal, deficits, spending keynesian, fiscal, shocks, cycle, spending, fluctuations, real
76 Unclear 0.0106618 actors, stakeholders, society, ngos, stakeholder, legitimacy, engagement actors, society, stakeholders, civil, legitimacy, stakeholder, non ngo, ngos, actors, stakeholders, nongovernmental, society, stakeholder ngo, actors, society, stakeholders, stakeholder, ngos, civil
8 Business 0.0105803 rate, hypothesis, cycles, unemployment, monetary, inflation, macroeconomic rate, hypothesis, cycles, period, unemployment, test, cycle inflation, unemployment, hypothesis, rate, currency, cycles, opportunistic inflation, rate, cycles, unemployment, hypothesis, cycle, monetary
28 Social Sciences 0.0105400 century, american, black, late, british, class, twentieth american, century, class, early, british, late, history black, nineteenth, century, twentieth, britain, racial, revolution black, century, american, class, british, twentieth, nineteenth
46 Economics 0.0101381 countries, country, cross, differences, across, oecd, dividend countries, country, cross, across, differences, developed, developing dividend, countries, country, oecd, cross, capita, openness dividend, countries, country, cross, oecd, developing, income
137 Political Science 0.0101121 groups, interest, lobbying, group, activity, lobby, influence groups, interest, influence, group, activity, lobbying, interests lobbying, groups, interest, group, advocacy, lobby, activity lobbying, groups, interest, group, activity, influence, associations
65 Economics 0.0094161 productivity, volatility, estimates, output, correlation, input, estimate growth, productivity, output, estimates, volatility, data, effect volatility, productivity, estimates, correlation, stochastic, regressions, output volatility, productivity, growth, output, estimates, estimate, correlation
52 Political Science 0.0093997 preferences, left, democracies, right, ideology, conservative, wing governments, right, preferences, support, left, policies, ideology wing, democracies, preferences, left, conservative, ideology, corporatist wing, left, democracies, preferences, right, ideology, conservative
87 Business 0.0093814 formal, informal, institutions, social, societies, norms, embedded social, institutions, formal, informal, market, markets, norms favors, informal, formal, societies, institutions, social, norms favors, social, institutions, informal, formal, norms, societies
111 Business 0.0092192 past, decades, economists, decade, last, professor, medicine past, decades, years, many, last, decade, time medicine, past, decades, economists, say, modem, decade medicine, past, decades, professor, economists, decade, say
148 Economics 0.0091492 distribution, employment, location, manufacturing, size, sectors, intensity employment, distribution, sectors, size, industries, manufacturing, location establishments, distribution, location, density, employment, manufacturing, proportion establishments, employment, manufacturing, location, distribution, size, wage
125 Economics 0.0090973 welfare, equilibrium, optimal, tariff, choose, tariffs, game welfare, model, optimal, equilibrium, production, may, competition tariff, welfare, equilibrium, optimal, tariffs, differentiated, differentiation tariff, welfare, equilibrium, optimal, model, competition, tariffs
7 Law 0.0090861 law, legal, delaware, fiduciary, duties, rule, common law, legal, common, rule, delaware, fiduciary, duties delaware, fiduciary, law, legal, primacy, incorporation, duties delaware, law, legal, fiduciary, rule, duties, common
78 Law 0.0090290 note, supreme, clause, constitutional, court, courts, statutes courts, court, note, federal, supreme, constitutional, act clause, note, statutes, circuit, constitutional, supreme, constitution clause, courts, court, supreme, constitutional, note, federal
114 Business 0.0089777 role, play, played, governance, roles, plays, forests role, governance, play, roles, played, important, arrangements forests, role, play, played, brazilian, plays, brazil forests, governance, role, play, played, roles, brazil
71 Environmental Studies 0.0088249 regional, regions, national, region, central, level, coordination national, regional, level, regions, central, region, systems decentralization, regional, regions, centralized, decentralized, coordination, national decentralization, regional, regions, national, region, level, central
9 Economics 0.0087843 investment, foreign, fdi, investments, direct, invest, outward investment, foreign, direct, investments, fdi, domestic, investors outward, fdi, investment, foreign, investments, direct, invest outward, foreign, investment, fdi, investments, direct, investors
13 Economics 0.0087638 tax, taxation, taxes, income, revenue, avoidance, taxpayers tax, income, taxes, revenue, taxation, rates, revenues taxpayers, tax, taxation, avoidance, taxes, revenue, income tax, taxpayers, taxes, income, taxation, revenue, avoidance
102 Law 0.0087416 states, united, kingdom, state, federalism, federal, immigration state, states, united, federal, kingdom, immigration, policies federalism, states, kingdom, united, immigration, federal, state federalism, states, state, united, federal, immigration, kingdom
55 Management 0.0086510 project, program, projects, programs, evaluation, implementation, criteria project, projects, programs, program, development, implementation, evaluation pilot, project, program, projects, evaluation, programs, criteria pilot, projects, project, program, programs, evaluation, implementation
68 Business 0.0084736 changes, term, long, short, strategy, run, shifts changes, long, term, strategy, short, time, run momentum, term, changes, long, short, strategy, run momentum, changes, term, long, strategy, short, run
36 Business 0.0083515 japanese, german, korea, japan, industry, korean, steel industry, japanese, japan, german, korea, korean, production steel, japanese, japans, korea, japan, german, korean steel, japanese, industry, japan, korea, german, korean
30 Business 0.0083483 firm, entry, level, size, exit, market, profitability firm, level, market, entry, size, effect, find entrants, entry, firm, exit, profitability, size, level firm, entrants, entry, market, level, size, exit
5 Business 0.0083369 performance, relationship, relationships, networking, positive, profitability, improve performance, relationship, relationships, positive, impact, findings, results networking, performance, relationship, relationships, moderating, profitability, ambiguity networking, performance, relationship, relationships, moderating, profitability, positive
103 Management 0.0083228 technological, commercialization, industrial, biotechnology, funding, linkages, cluster industrial, development, technological, industry, research, knowledge, policies biotechnology, commercialization, institutes, upgrading, cluster, technological, catch biotechnology, technological, industrial, research, commercialization, knowledge, universities
70 Unclear 0.0082792 large, businesses, growth, scale, small, smaller, expansion large, growth, small, businesses, scale, number, expansion guaranteed, businesses, scale, large, small, growth, guarantee guaranteed, small, growth, businesses, large, scale, loan
126 Economics 0.0082297 financial, banks, banking, bank, crisis, lending, finance financial, crisis, bank, banks, finance, banking, markets liquidity, banking, banks, lending, financial, bank, crisis liquidity, financial, banks, bank, crisis, banking, lending
50 Environmental Studies 0.0082086 issue, agenda, approaches, special, issues, papers, biodiversity issue, issues, approaches, development, agenda, special, sustainable biodiversity, agenda, special, issue, approaches, papers, conference biodiversity, agenda, issue, special, approaches, ecosystem, issues
130 Social Sciences 0.0081340 events, players, model, interactions, models, sports, game model, models, events, different, outcomes, players, interactions games, sports, players, trajectories, events, teams, game games, model, players, events, sports, game, models
57 Economics 0.0081275 higher, debt, lower, credit, bond, associated, levels higher, lower, debt, associated, credit, levels, find bond, debt, higher, borrowing, bonds, lower, credit bond, debt, higher, lower, credit, default, find
24 Political Science 0.0080152 private, sector, agencies, goals, sectors, partnerships, proven private, sector, agencies, goals, sectors, participation, governments proven, private, sector, agencies, goals, records, inefficiency private, sector, proven, agencies, goals, sectors, partnerships
20 Economics 0.0078251 owned, soes, enterprises, state, soe, controlled, privately state, enterprises, owned, soes, enterprise, controlled, non soe, soes, owned, privately, enterprises, controlled, enterprise soe, owned, soes, enterprises, state, enterprise, controlled
145 Law 0.0076039 regulation, regulatory, regulators, authority, regulated, accountability, regulate regulatory, regulation, authority, regulators, accountability, regime, regulations delegation, regulation, regulatory, regulators, regulator, regulated, regulate delegation, regulatory, regulation, regulators, authority, accountability, regulator
29 Management 0.0075242 institutional, internationalization, pressures, philanthropy, giving, positive, influences institutional, effect, positive, pressures, internationalization, effects, environment philanthropy, institutional, internationalization, charitable, giving, logics, pressures philanthropy, institutional, internationalization, pressures, positive, charitable, giving
72 Business 0.0075004 costs, price, cost, prices, pricing, transaction, quantity costs, cost, price, prices, market, transaction, pricing quantity, costs, price, prices, cost, pricing, transaction quantity, costs, price, cost, prices, pricing, transaction
140 Law 0.0074236 decision, making, decisions, judgments, beliefs, makers, make making, decision, decisions, process, make, case, makers judgments, decision, making, decisions, rationality, questionable, beliefs judgments, decision, making, decisions, process, rationality, beliefs
123 Business 0.0074033 organizations, organizational, organization, nonprofit, profit, hybrid, forms organizations, organizational, organization, profit, form, forms, within nonprofit, organizations, organizational, organization, mission, hybrid, profit nonprofit, organizations, organizational, organization, profit, hybrid, forms
33 Business 0.0073908 european, europe, strategic, integration, eastern, union, defence european, strategic, europe, integration, union, process, eastern defence, european, europe, eastern, integration, strategic, union defence, european, strategic, europe, union, integration, eastern
63 Environmental Studies 0.0073716 sustainability, practices, sustainable, copyright, john, wiley, implementation practices, sustainability, sustainable, strategies, implementation, copyright, environment erp, wiley, sustainability, sons, john, copyright, sustainable erp, sustainability, practices, sustainable, wiley, sons, copyright
41 Business 0.0073123 ethical, ethics, moral, morality, codes, behaviour, reasoning ethics, ethical, moral, codes, behavior, conduct, behaviour morality, ethical, moral, ethics, unethical, codes, reasoning morality, ethics, ethical, moral, codes, unethical, reasoning
3 Business 0.0072937 csr, responsibility, responsible, socially, social, responsibilities, initiatives csr, responsibility, social, responsible, socially, activities, responsibilities csr, responsibility, responsible, socially, responsibilities, responsiveness, social csr, responsibility, social, responsible, socially, responsibilities, initiatives
60 Economics 0.0072024 uncertainty, cash, flow, positively, pronounced, holdings, negatively uncertainty, related, cash, find, positively, flow, high holdings, uncertainty, flow, cash, pronounced, channel, negatively holdings, uncertainty, cash, flow, positively, pronounced, negatively
10 Law 0.0071944 data, personal, privacy, collected, information, collection, individuals data, information, personal, privacy, use, individuals, collected privacy, personal, data, collected, collection, collect, gathered privacy, data, personal, information, collected, individuals, collection
58 Economics 0.0071893 trade, export, wto, exports, agreement, import, agreements trade, export, international, domestic, wto, agreement, agreements wto, trade, export, exports, accession, import, exporting wto, trade, export, international, exports, agreements, domestic
80 Environmental Studies 0.0071224 ltd, elsevier, tourism, reserved, travel, interviews, published elsevier, ltd, reserved, tourism, industry, development, interviews tourism, travel, ltd, elsevier, reserved, operators, semi tourism, ltd, elsevier, reserved, travel, interviews, industry
16 Management 0.0070908 ties, capabilities, capability, emerging, contingent, relational, antecedents ties, emerging, capabilities, market, economies, capability, managerial ties, antecedents, capability, capabilities, mediating, moderated, emerging ties, capabilities, emerging, capability, resource, managerial, economies
77 Unclear 0.0068989 capital, networks, network, venture, formation, mobility, initial capital, networks, network, venture, formation, initial, high capitalists, capital, networks, network, venture, backed, mobility capital, capitalists, networks, network, venture, formation, mobility
56 Social Sciences 0.0068201 globalization, global, transnational, capitalism, borders, world, globally global, globalization, transnational, world, capitalism, national, international debated, globalization, global, transnational, borders, globally, globalisation global, debated, globalization, transnational, capitalism, world, borders
84 Unclear 0.0068199 board, boards, directors, ceos, ceo, compensation, executive directors, board, boards, executive, compensation, ceo, ceos ceos, boards, board, directors, ceo, director, compensation ceos, directors, board, boards, ceo, executive, compensation
107 Business 0.0067929 entrepreneurs, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial, knowledge, start, entrepreneur, creation entrepreneurs, knowledge, entrepreneurial, entrepreneurship, start, creation, opportunities nascent, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial, entrepreneur, start, ups nascent, entrepreneurs, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial, knowledge, start, entrepreneur
149 Environmental Studies 0.0067843 reform, electricity, reforms, generation, utilities, electric, grid reform, reforms, electricity, market, generation, system, electric grid, electricity, utilities, reform, generation, electric, reforms grid, electricity, reform, reforms, generation, electric, utilities
31 Unclear 0.0067827 education, students, schools, university, school, training, educational education, university, economics, students, training, school, skills graduate, students, schools, education, teaching, courses, educational graduate, education, students, university, school, training, schools
104 Business 0.0067537 mnes, home, host, distance, mne, summary, country host, home, mnes, country, international, multinational, distance mne, mnes, distance, home, host, summary, locations mne, mnes, host, home, distance, multinational, subsidiaries
32 Social Sciences 0.0066857 gender, employees, sex, employee, womens, female, discrimination workers, employees, gender, employee, employment, employers, discrimination sex, sexual, gender, womens, male, female, occupational sex, workers, gender, employees, employers, employee, discrimination
69 Management 0.0066784 technologies, telecommunications, infrastructure, communication, communications, smart, solutions technologies, information, infrastructure, technology, telecommunications, communication, technological smart, telecommunications, technologies, communications, computer, infrastructure, communication smart, technologies, telecommunications, technology, infrastructure, communications, information
22 Economics 0.0064944 protection, investor, laws, leverage, stronger, creditor, regulations protection, laws, legal, investor, regulations, leverage, stronger creditor, investor, protection, leverage, laws, origin, stronger creditor, protection, laws, investor, legal, leverage, stronger
27 Unclear 0.0064893 chinas, chinese, hong, china, kong, taiwan, taiwanese china, chinese, chinas, hong, kong, taiwan, development kong, hong, chinas, chinese, china, taiwan, shanghai kong, chinese, china, chinas, hong, taiwan, shanghai
101 Business 0.0064883 labour, relations, bargaining, unions, strike, union, employer relations, labour, bargaining, unions, industrial, union, workers strike, labour, bargaining, relations, unions, employer, union strike, labour, relations, bargaining, unions, union, industrial
105 Law 0.0064719 shareholder, shareholders, control, takeover, minority, controlling, acquisitions control, shareholders, shareholder, controlling, minority, governance, takeover takeover, shareholder, shareholders, control, minority, controlling, hostile takeover, shareholders, control, shareholder, minority, controlling, voting
95 Economics 0.0064689 ownership, concentration, privatisation, transition, structure, czech, privatised ownership, structure, transition, concentration, privatisation, economies, governance privatised, ownership, privatisation, concentration, czech, transitional, transition privatised, ownership, privatisation, concentration, transition, czech, transitional
59 Social Sciences 0.0064115 media, news, journalists, press, coverage, newspapers, television media, news, press, coverage, content, analysis, journalists journalists, media, news, newspapers, newspaper, press, television journalists, media, news, coverage, press, newspapers, television
100 Business 0.0063258 theory, failure, bankruptcy, reorganization, creditors, secured, absolute theory, failure, bankruptcy, may, authors, explain, creditors reorganization, failure, theory, bankruptcy, absolute, secured, creditors reorganization, theory, bankruptcy, failure, creditors, secured, absolute
43 Law 0.0063171 company, insolvency, rules, assets, companys, proceedings, creditors company, rules, assets, insolvency, companys, case, asset insolvency, company, proceedings, rules, assets, companys, creditors insolvency, company, rules, assets, creditors, proceedings, asset
81 Economics 0.0063154 privatization, privatized, privatize, partial, maximizing, privatizations, profit privatization, privatized, private, profit, may, market, incentives privatize, privatization, privatizations, privatized, maximizing, partial, constraint privatize, privatization, privatized, privatizations, optimal, private, maximizing
122 Law 0.0062883 liability, duty, entity, tort, rule, judgment, remedies liability, rule, duty, entity, limited, tort, courts tort, liability, entity, duty, judgment, remedies, rule tort, liability, rule, duty, judgment, entity, courts
45 Law 0.0062400 legislation, legislative, tobacco, act, passed, legislators, congress legislation, act, legislative, industry, congress, tobacco, legislators tobacco, legislation, passage, legislative, passed, act, bills tobacco, legislation, legislative, act, congress, drug, legislators
4 Environmental Studies 0.0061446 emissions, carbon, emission, scenarios, greenhouse, scenario, reduction emissions, carbon, reduction, subsidies, scenarios, scenario, emission abatement, greenhouse, emission, emissions, carbon, scenarios, scenario abatement, emissions, carbon, emission, subsidies, greenhouse, scenario
135 Unclear 0.0061414 consumer, consumers, brand, marketing, products, product, brands consumer, consumers, products, product, marketing, market, brand brand, brands, marketing, consumer, consumers, generic, products brand, consumers, consumer, marketing, products, product, brands
34 Management 0.0061131 management, fisheries, managing, managed, fishing, manage, organisational management, systems, managing, fisheries, practice, managed, manage fisheries, management, fishing, managing, managed, organisational, unit fisheries, management, fishing, managing, organisational, systems, managed
133 Economics 0.0060468 connections, connected, politically, receive, obtain, politicians, preferential connections, politically, connected, access, find, politicians, obtain preferential, connected, connections, politically, bureaucrats, receive, obtain preferential, connections, connected, politically, politicians, bureaucrats, loans
118 Environmental Studies 0.0060397 local, municipalities, municipal, authorities, county, expenditures, governments local, governments, municipal, municipalities, authorities, incentives, expenditures municipalities, local, municipal, county, census, locally, authorities municipalities, local, municipal, governments, county, expenditures, authorities
92 Social Sciences 0.0060035 community, communities, peace, movements, think, negotiation, movement community, communities, within, peace, movements, place, interviews peace, community, communities, movements, negotiation, think, transformative peace, community, communities, movements, negotiation, think, ethnic
115 Environmental Studies 0.0060011 space, processes, marine, instruments, commercial, activities, consultation processes, activities, space, commercial, instruments, process, areas marine, space, consultation, processes, instruments, barrier, commercial marine, space, processes, activities, commercial, instruments, consultation
62 Law 0.0059794 litigation, judges, lawsuits, judicial, defendants, suits, plaintiffs litigation, judicial, cases, courts, judges, court, lawsuits defendants, lawsuits, lawsuit, litigation, judges, suits, trial defendants, litigation, judicial, judges, courts, lawsuits, court
37 Law 0.0059206 crime, criminal, international, treaty, crimes, jurisdictions, jurisdiction international, criminal, crime, law, legal, treaty, jurisdictions crimes, crime, treaty, criminal, jurisdictions, jurisdiction, international crimes, criminal, international, crime, treaty, law, jurisdiction
127 Law 0.0059009 compliance, self, corporations, privilege, corporation, code, conduct corporations, self, compliance, corporation, conduct, code, behavior privilege, compliance, self, corporations, comply, corporation, code privilege, corporations, compliance, self, corporation, code, comply
90 Political Science 0.0058028 president, presidential, opposition, office, democratic, parliamentary, presidents democratic, president, opposition, office, presidential, executive, parliamentary presidents, president, presidential, republican, opposition, office, parliamentary presidents, president, presidential, democratic, opposition, office, parliamentary
15 Social Sciences 0.0057720 cultural, culture, indian, india, film, language, french cultural, culture, india, indian, language, production, french film, indian, cultural, culture, india, french, cultures film, cultural, culture, indian, india, language, french
110 Environmental Studies 0.0057227 environmental, pollution, environmentally, polluting, environment, damage, regulations environmental, environment, pollution, regulations, industry, environmentally, concerns polluting, environmental, pollution, environmentally, degradation, damage, stringent environmental, polluting, pollution, environmentally, environment, degradation, ecological
42 Environmental Studies 0.0057045 services, service, waste, provision, delivery, providers, goods services, service, provision, waste, goods, providers, delivery solid, services, service, waste, provision, delivery, providers solid, services, service, waste, provision, delivery, providers
47 Political Science 0.0056842 administrative, police, administration, policing, powers, ireland, bureaucracy administrative, administration, agencies, police, powers, state, bureaucracy policing, administrative, police, bureaucracies, administration, ireland, street policing, administrative, police, administration, agencies, powers, ireland
82 Environmental Studies 0.0056485 land, spatial, planning, zones, landscape, rural, areas land, use, urban, areas, planning, spatial, rural land, zones, spatial, landscapes, town, zone, rural land, urban, rural, spatial, planning, zones, areas
136 Unclear 0.0056469 risk, insurance, risks, taking, risky, exposure, assessment risk, risks, insurance, taking, reduce, may, assessment insurance, risk, risks, taking, risky, exposure, liabilities insurance, risk, risks, taking, risky, reduce, exposure
53 Law 0.0056164 antitrust, merger, competition, copyright, mergers, monopoly, conduct competition, antitrust, market, merger, copyright, competitive, conduct antitrust, merger, mergers, harms, competition, monopoly, monopolies antitrust, competition, merger, copyright, mergers, courts, monopoly
143 Unclear 0.0055465 disclosure, transparency, reporting, information, disclosures, reports, voluntary information, disclosure, transparency, reporting, reports, requirements, voluntary disclosures, disclosure, disclose, transparency, reporting, reports, mandatory disclosures, disclosure, information, reporting, transparency, voluntary, mandatory
97 Unclear 0.0055198 smes, medium, small, sized, sme, assistance, enterprises smes, small, medium, enterprises, sized, support, assistance sme, smes, medium, sized, assistance, owner, advice sme, smes, medium, sized, small, enterprises, assistance
128 Environmental Studies 0.0055127 change, climate, disaster, adaptation, resilience, responses, vulnerability change, climate, adaptation, disaster, responses, resilience, future disaster, change, climate, resilience, adaptation, vulnerability, recovery disaster, change, climate, adaptation, resilience, mitigation, responses
14 Business 0.0055074 companies, standards, standard, block, setting, put, follow companies, standards, standard, setting, company, block, put block, companies, standards, standard, negotiated, put, follow companies, block, standards, standard, agreements, company, put
91 Law 0.0055057 work, lawyers, deal, clients, associates, deals, lawyer work, lawyers, deal, clients, practice, working, deals associates, work, lawyers, lawyer, deal, clients, careers associates, work, lawyers, clients, deal, lawyer, career
119 Social Sciences 0.0054558 resource, neo, colonial, resources, indigenous, nationalism, natural resources, resource, natural, indigenous, neo, colonial, liberal nationalism, colonial, neo, resource, indigenous, dependency, developmental nationalism, resource, resources, indigenous, colonial, neo, natural
1 Political Science 0.0053988 politics, security, competition, intense, dangerous, international, debates politics, security, international, competition, intense, critical, debates dangerous, politics, security, intense, competition, separation, realm politics, dangerous, security, competition, international, intense, separation
73 Unclear 0.0053362 values, democracy, philosophy, freedom, philosophical, normative, reflection values, democracy, freedom, democratic, philosophy, society, arguments philosophical, values, democracy, philosophy, reflection, freedom, meetings philosophical, values, democracy, freedom, philosophy, democratic, normative
83 Business 0.0052572 managers, managerial, earnings, top, senior, manager, executives managers, managerial, top, earnings, executives, senior, evidence earnings, managers, top, managerial, manager, senior, discretionary earnings, managers, managerial, top, senior, executives, manager
86 Economics 0.0051595 economy, shadow, sharing, economies, transition, shift, transitions economy, economies, transition, sharing, shadow, market, conditions shadow, economy, sharing, socialism, centrally, transitions, transition shadow, economy, economies, transition, sharing, capitalism, socialism
26 Management 0.0051040 green, innovation, innovations, innovative, product, radical, customer innovation, innovative, green, innovations, process, product, based green, innovations, innovation, innovative, incremental, radical, product green, innovation, innovations, innovative, product, knowledge, customer
49 Management 0.0050936 science, technology, transfer, park, scientific, tech, scientists technology, science, transfer, scientific, high, park, tech park, science, transfer, technology, scientific, tech, scientists park, technology, science, transfer, scientific, tech, scientists
99 Law 0.0050884 citizens, speech, amendment, free, campaign, scrutiny, fourth citizens, free, speech, amendment, first, campaign, scrutiny speech, amendment, citizens, free, scrutiny, rationales, fourth speech, citizens, amendment, free, campaign, scrutiny, court
138 Unclear 0.0050575 human, principles, guiding, responsibilities, respect, violations, abuses human, principles, respect, responsibilities, corporations, responsibility, guiding guiding, human, principles, abuses, responsibilities, respect, violations guiding, human, principles, responsibilities, responsibility, violations, respect
131 Environmental Studies 0.0050551 africa, south, african, developing, sub, saharan, aid developing, south, africa, african, development, sub, aid saharan, africa, south, african, sub, africas, aid saharan, south, africa, african, developing, sub, africas
18 Environmental Studies 0.0049733 efficiency, energy, saving, efficient, conservation, consumption, technical energy, efficiency, policies, efficient, saving, consumption, use saving, efficiency, energy, conservation, supplies, outputs, savings saving, energy, efficiency, conservation, consumption, efficient, technical
64 Management 0.0049590 mncs, multinational, mnc, subsidiaries, multinationals, subsidiary, headquarters multinational, mncs, corporations, subsidiaries, multinationals, subsidiary, mnc mnc, mncs, headquarters, multinational, subsidiaries, multinationals, subsidiary mnc, mncs, multinational, subsidiaries, subsidiary, corporations, multinationals
79 Environmental Studies 0.0049524 creative, thinking, creativity, design, spaces, geography, embeddedness design, creative, thinking, systems, concept, development, creativity creativity, creative, thinking, geography, spaces, triple, design creativity, creative, design, thinking, spaces, embeddedness, triple
17 Law 0.0048015 claims, arbitration, disputes, resolution, clauses, dispute, agreements claims, disputes, parties, arbitration, agreements, resolution, courts arbitration, claims, resolution, disputes, dispute, clauses, notice arbitration, claims, disputes, dispute, courts, resolution, agreements
146 Unclear 0.0047927 professional, diversity, accounting, professionals, consultants, profession, expertise accounting, professional, diversity, expertise, professionals, profession, consultants accountants, professional, diversity, professionals, accounting, consultants, profession accountants, accounting, professional, diversity, profession, professionals, expertise
109 Political Science 0.0047869 asia, cooperation, asian, latin, nations, america, east nations, cooperation, asia, asian, east, america, nation diplomacy, asia, latin, asian, cooperation, pacific, east diplomacy, asia, cooperation, asian, east, latin, nations
11 Social Sciences 0.0047816 elites, elite, swedish, sweden, pluralism, dominated, vertical elite, elites, interests, swedish, sweden, network, among pluralism, elites, elite, swedish, sweden, cohesion, dominated pluralism, elite, elites, swedish, sweden, network, cohesion
147 Political Science 0.0046607 conflict, military, war, violence, conflicts, armed, violent conflict, war, conflicts, military, violence, civil, world armed, military, conflict, violence, war, cold, violent armed, conflict, war, military, conflicts, violence, cold
132 Law 0.0046483 action, actions, collective, affirmative, take, problems, class action, actions, collective, may, problems, take, individual affirmative, action, actions, collective, justifications, unilateral, compelling affirmative, action, collective, actions, class, discrimination, problems
89 Social Sciences 0.0046253 russian, advertising, russia, soviet, western, demand, former demand, russian, western, russia, advertising, former, soviet advertising, soviet, russian, russia, segments, western, federation advertising, russian, russia, soviet, demand, western, segments
113 Business 0.0045346 labor, adjustment, child, worker, wage, organized, skill labor, workers, wage, organized, adjustment, worker, market child, labor, adjustment, worker, skilled, skill, wage child, labor, workers, wage, worker, unions, adjustment
48 Unclear 0.0045331 audit, auditors, quality, client, fees, report, auditing quality, audit, auditors, report, client, independence, fees audit, auditors, sarbanes, oxley, auditing, quality, audits audit, quality, auditors, client, fees, auditing, sarbanes
124 Environmental Studies 0.0044867 city, construction, cities, real, estate, bid, urban city, real, construction, cities, urban, development, estate estate, construction, city, cities, bid, developers, real estate, city, cities, urban, real, construction, bid
108 Unclear 0.0044866 leaders, leadership, leader, minister, prime, ministers, executives leaders, leadership, leader, prime, minister, ministers, success leadership, leaders, minister, leader, prime, ministers, recruitment leadership, leaders, leader, prime, minister, ministers, executives
93 Social Sciences 0.0044537 online, platform, internet, digital, surveillance, platforms, users internet, online, digital, platform, users, platforms, mobile surveillance, platform, online, internet, platforms, digital, mobile surveillance, internet, digital, online, platforms, platform, users
120 Unclear 0.0044100 corruption, officials, corrupt, bureaucratic, red, stability, integrity corruption, officials, bureaucratic, corrupt, anti, stability, level corruption, red, corrupt, officials, integrity, collusion, bureaucratic corruption, corrupt, officials, anti, bureaucratic, red, integrity
38 Environmental Studies 0.0043922 housing, london, programmes, urban, associations, residents, post housing, urban, post, associations, london, programmes, income housing, london, wales, programmes, residents, england, urban housing, urban, london, income, residents, programmes, associations
12 Law 0.0042862 patent, intellectual, patents, property, licensing, licenses, pharmaceutical property, patent, intellectual, patents, licensing, pharmaceutical, industry patent, patents, intellectual, licensing, property, licenses, drugs patent, property, intellectual, patents, licensing, pharmaceutical, drugs
116 Law 0.0042653 commerce, adoption, electronic, software, transactions, applications, border adoption, commerce, transactions, software, electronic, framework, use electronic, commerce, adoption, software, transactions, threshold, web electronic, commerce, adoption, transactions, software, internet, border
112 Unclear 0.0042550 contracts, suppliers, procurement, contract, contracting, supplier, contractors contracts, contract, suppliers, procurement, contracting, customer, allocation procurement, suppliers, contracts, contracting, supplier, contract, allocated procurement, contracts, contract, suppliers, contracting, supplier, customer
129 Law 0.0042305 agency, principal, insider, trading, agents, securities, agent agency, principal, trading, securities, agents, monitoring, insider insider, agency, principal, insiders, agent, trading, agents insider, agency, principal, trading, securities, insiders, agent
51 Law 0.0042275 funds, fund, pension, mutual, equity, plans, funding funds, fund, equity, pension, investors, funding, mutual pension, funds, fund, mutual, passive, beneficiaries, portfolios pension, funds, fund, equity, mutual, investors, funding
6 Environmental Studies 0.0041351 nuclear, power, plants, plant, powers, expand, expansion power, nuclear, plants, plant, structural, expansion, powers nuclear, power, plants, plant, resolved, fuels, turkey nuclear, power, plants, plant, fuel, powers, fossil
40 Law 0.0041214 enforcement, bribery, anti, sanctions, enforce, illegal, penalties enforcement, anti, bribery, foreign, sanctions, illegal, enforce bribery, enforcement, sanctions, anti, enforce, penalties, illegal bribery, enforcement, anti, sanctions, foreign, illegal, enforce
75 Environmental Studies 0.0040825 solar, renewable, clean, deployment, energy, technologies, fit energy, solar, technologies, renewable, transition, support, clean solar, clean, deployment, renewable, transitions, window, fossil solar, energy, renewable, technologies, clean, transition, deployment
106 Political Science 0.0040047 functions, core, outsourcing, affairs, priorities, tasks, manage core, functions, affairs, outsourcing, priorities, manage, tasks outsourcing, functions, core, affairs, tasks, priorities, manage outsourcing, core, functions, affairs, priorities, tasks, manage
2 Environmental Studies 0.0039687 mining, gold, resistance, boom, extraction, ghana, extractive mining, extraction, resistance, communities, gold, industry, boom gold, mining, boom, ghana, mines, extraction, resistance gold, mining, extraction, extractive, boom, ghana, communities
25 Environmental Studies 0.0038098 chain, forest, supply, timber, chains, forestry, certification supply, forest, chain, chains, production, certification, timber timber, chain, forestry, forest, supply, chains, certification timber, forest, supply, chain, chains, forestry, certification
54 Environmental Studies 0.0037851 nigeria, oil, petroleum, macro, producing, content, serious oil, nigeria, petroleum, development, macro, producing, challenges nigeria, oil, petroleum, producing, macro, offshore, inability nigeria, oil, petroleum, macro, producing, country, content
44 Environmental Studies 0.0037667 australia, coal, australian, gas, australias, natural, ban gas, australian, australia, coal, industry, natural, production coal, australia, australias, australian, gas, ban, imports coal, gas, australian, australia, australias, oil, natural
39 Economics 0.0036826 seeking, rent, capture, rents, productive, transfers, extract seeking, capture, rent, productive, rents, transfers, market rent, seeking, rents, capture, productive, extract, transfers rent, seeking, capture, rents, transfers, productive, extract
141 Unclear 0.0036319 joint, ventures, alliances, partners, partner, hazards, cooperative joint, ventures, partners, alliances, venture, cooperative, partner hazards, joint, partner, alliances, ventures, partners, cooperative hazards, ventures, joint, partners, venture, alliances, partner
35 Environmental Studies 0.0036257 farmers, farm, agricultural, agriculture, household, farming, rural agricultural, farmers, farm, rural, agriculture, household, payments farm, farmers, farming, agricultural, household, agriculture, payments farm, farmers, agricultural, agriculture, rural, farming, household
144 Environmental Studies 0.0033559 mineral, extractive, mining, revenues, exploitation, initiative, industries mining, mineral, extractive, industries, resources, resource, revenues mineral, extractive, upstream, mining, cumulative, exploitation, rare mineral, mining, extractive, resource, revenues, petroleum, transparency
96 Unclear 0.0033167 family, diversification, families, children, members, manuscript, controlled family, members, diversification, families, children, controlled, research family, families, diversification, children, theoreticalacademic, manuscript, practitionerpolicy family, diversification, families, members, children, theoreticalacademic, practitionerpolicy
117 Unclear 0.0032887 threats, intelligence, threat, weaknesses, strengths, council, centers threat, threats, intelligence, council, weaknesses, strengths, design intelligence, threats, strengths, weaknesses, threat, centers, council intelligence, threats, strengths, threat, weaknesses, council, centers
74 Law 0.0031649 care, health, medical, pharmaceutical, affordable, drugs, providers health, care, medical, pharmaceutical, interventions, system, providers medical, care, health, pharmaceutical, affordable, drugs, error medical, health, care, pharmaceutical, drugs, affordable, drug
23 Environmental Studies 0.0031452 side, wind, renewable, mexico, mexican, energy, demand side, energy, renewable, demand, wind, mexico, mexican wind, side, mexican, mexico, renewable, offshore, successes wind, energy, renewable, side, mexican, mexico, demand
85 Social Sciences 0.0031339 food, trust, safety, confidence, consumption, people, sustainable trust, food, safety, consumption, people, confidence, sustainable food, trust, safety, confidence, slow, agriculture, assigned food, trust, safety, consumption, health, confidence, sustainable
142 Environmental Studies 0.0027142 canada, canadian, air, transport, burden, chemical, transportation canada, canadian, transport, air, burden, chemical, transportation air, canada, canadian, transport, chemical, burden, transportation air, canadian, canada, transport, chemical, burden, transportation
61 Environmental Studies 0.0024796 water, dutch, netherlands, proposition, fairly, chile, gap water, dutch, netherlands, case, resources, development, company water, dutch, netherlands, fairly, proposition, chile, argentina water, dutch, netherlands, utilities, resources, chile, argentina
150 Business 0.0017717 women, highly, previous, related, offers, number, affiliation women, related, support, number, highly, many, among women, affiliation, achievement, distributed, necessity, previous, motivations women, affiliation, related, previous, revenues, highly, support
short_docs <- meta %>%
    as_tibble() %>%
    select(abstract) %>%
    mutate(abstract = str_sub(abstract, 1, 800))

topic_thoughts <- findThoughts(df_stm, topic = c(1:i), texts = short_docs$abstract, n = 1)

topic_top_docs <- as_tibble(topic_thoughts$index) %>%
  janitor::clean_names() %>%
  pivot_longer(everything()) %>%
  left_join(short_docs %>% mutate(value = row_number())) %>%
  rename(topic = name, doc_index = value, short_abstract = abstract) %>%
  mutate(topic = str_remove(topic, "topic_")) 

table_final <- topic_full_table %>%
  left_join(topic_top_docs) %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)

# network
net <- topicCorr(df_stm, cutoff = 0.05)
net <- net$posadj
net <- network::network(net, directed = F)
net %v% "term" = as.character(topic_best_term$term)
net %v% "topic" = as.character(topic_best_term$topic)

y = RColorBrewer::brewer.pal(9, "Set3")
names(y) = levels(as.factor(topic_best_term$term))

ggnet2(net, color = "term", palette = y, alpha = 0.75,
       size = 4, edge.alpha = 0.5,node.label = "topic",
       node.size = 5) +
  labs(title = "Topic Correlations",
       subtitle = "Nodes indicate topics, edges indicate correlation between topics")

#rm(net, topic_best_term)

# plot(prep, "months_since_first_pub",
#      method = "continuous", topics = c(,),
#      model = z, printlegend = F,
#      xaxt = "n", xlab = "Time (1991-2020)")
# monthseq <- seq(from = as.Date("1990-01-01"),
#                 to = as.Date("2021-12-31"), by = "month")
# monthnames <- months(monthseq)
# axis(1,at = as.numeric(monthseq) - min(as.numeric(monthseq)))
# 
i <- 200
df_stm <- k_result %>% 
  filter(K == i) %>% 
  pull(topic_model) %>% 
  .[[1]]

df_stm_td <- tidy(df_stm)

top_terms <- df_stm_td %>%
  arrange(beta) %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  top_n(10, beta) %>%
  arrange(-beta) %>%
  select(topic, term) %>%
  summarise(terms = list(term)) %>%
  mutate(terms = map(terms, paste, collapse = ", ")) %>%
  unnest(cols = c(terms))

td_gamma <- tidy(df_stm, matrix = "gamma",
                 document_names = rownames(df_stm))

gamma_terms <- td_gamma %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  summarise(gamma = mean(gamma)) %>%
  arrange(desc(gamma)) %>%
  left_join(top_terms, by = "topic") %>%
  mutate(topic = paste0("Topic ", topic),
         topic = reorder(topic, gamma))

gamma_terms %>%
  top_n(floor(nrow(gamma_terms) * .3), gamma) %>%
  ggplot(aes(topic, gamma, label = terms)) +
  geom_col(aes(color = "black"), alpha = 0.8, show.legend = FALSE, color = "white") +
  geom_text(hjust = 0, nudge_y = 0.0005, size = 3) +
  coord_flip() +
  scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0,0),
                     limits = c(0, 0.09),
                     labels = percent_format()) +
  labs(x = NULL, y = expression(gamma),
       title = "Top 20 topics by prevalence",
       subtitle = "With the top words that contribute to each topic") 

gamma_terms %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic gamma terms
Topic 185 0.0207084 find, effect, effects, evidence, using, results, higher, impact, data, increase
Topic 21 0.0164096 research, literature, studies, analysis, based, empirical, theoretical, implications, field, future
Topic 188 0.0134932 model, models, analysis, using, variables, based, empirical, results, determinants, used
Topic 66 0.0113411 survey, results, found, findings, perceived, support, perceptions, differences, attitudes, conducted
Topic 67 0.0111642 first, review, second, discussion, recent, issues, concludes, discusses, three, third
Topic 194 0.0098836 make, like, even, often, much, one, way, people, many, might
Topic 175 0.0097984 american, century, war, history, early, world, america, post, late, politics
Topic 88 0.0086541 discourse, citizenship, social, concept, contemporary, politics, forms, discourses, activism, neoliberal
Topic 137 0.0085362 groups, interest, influence, activity, group, lobbying, interests, activities, lobby, advocacy
Topic 19 0.0083908 justice, view, notion, argue, consensus, question, one, enterprise, argues, conception
Topic 164 0.0081791 institutions, actors, different, neo, two, evolution, interests, institution, swedish, key
Topic 76 0.0081676 society, stakeholders, civil, stakeholder, governmental, non, legitimacy, engagement, ngos, multi
Topic 139 0.0077626 fiscal, spending, cycle, budget, model, consumption, effects, real, expenditure, fluctuations
Topic 46 0.0077305 countries, across, developed, less, differences, system, likely, systems, different, world
Topic 102 0.0076671 state, states, united, federal, kingdom, national, federalism, particularly, including, sovereign
Topic 9 0.0076296 investment, foreign, direct, fdi, investments, investors, domestic, invest, attract, infrastructure
Topic 5 0.0076229 performance, relationship, positive, relationships, impact, findings, results, profitability, improve, networking
Topic 184 0.0076035 market, high, low, competitive, markets, levels, adjustment, degree, lead, less
Topic 8 0.0075546 rate, cycles, hypothesis, unemployment, cycle, period, time, exchange, macroeconomic, inflation
Topic 134 0.0073980 elsevier, reserved, inc, show, experience, results, published, impact, behavior, survival
Topic 179 0.0071974 governments, local, policies, central, authorities, capacity, balances, involvement, national, content
Topic 196 0.0071394 social, network, networks, relationships, among, within, movements, structure, embedded, movement
Topic 98 0.0071145 value, stock, returns, negative, return, positive, results, significant, valuation, abnormal
Topic 24 0.0070890 private, sector, goals, agencies, sectors, partnerships, participation, commercial, extent, within
Topic 20 0.0070495 state, enterprises, owned, soes, enterprise, controlled, non, private, listed, privately
Topic 167 0.0070401 european, europe, union, russian, western, russia, central, eastern, post, soviet
Topic 78 0.0069827 court, courts, note, federal, constitutional, supreme, act, doctrine, clause, congress
Topic 94 0.0068123 electoral, politicians, elections, election, voting, voters, vote, coalition, votes, representation
Topic 55 0.0068087 projects, programs, implementation, program, evaluation, support, design, criteria, implemented, effectiveness
Topic 52 0.0068047 politics, right, preferences, left, ideology, support, democracies, ideological, conservative, advanced
Topic 3 0.0067819 csr, social, responsibility, responsible, socially, responsibilities, activities, initiatives, concept, practices
Topic 36 0.0067385 industry, japanese, japan, german, korea, korean, steel, industrys, since, japans
Topic 121 0.0067323 will, future, must, continue, many, help, need, whether, likely, current
Topic 157 0.0067002 role, important, play, roles, played, plays, influences, dimension, selection, particularly
Topic 7 0.0066747 law, rule, common, delaware, choice, incorporation, modern, transactions, matters, largely
Topic 195 0.0066304 organizational, processes, context, team, micro, develop, learning, understanding, politics, within
Topic 81 0.0065986 profit, optimal, may, profits, efficiency, efficient, incentives, show, maximizing, maximize
Topic 183 0.0064567 process, making, decision, makers, council, report, recommendations, system, commission, committee
Topic 60 0.0064378 associated, related, uncertainty, positively, cash, negatively, flow, lower, higher, sample
Topic 197 0.0063404 growth, income, per, population, indicators, inequality, poor, aid, capita, distribution
Topic 30 0.0063160 firm, level, entry, size, exit, characteristics, specific, barriers, literature, entrants
Topic 71 0.0062424 regional, national, level, regions, region, systems, system, coordination, inter, different
Topic 145 0.0061874 regulatory, regulation, authority, accountability, regulators, regulate, private, regulated, regulator, oversight
Topic 156 0.0061663 governance, mechanisms, implications, structures, good, effective, mechanism, may, type, effectiveness
Topic 162 0.0061238 development, industrial, zones, enterprise, initiatives, promotion, promote, programmes, established, activities
Topic 56 0.0061132 global, globalization, world, transnational, national, increasingly, capitalism, challenges, argue, borders
Topic 68 0.0058547 changes, strategy, industries, strategies, forces, response, develop, oriented, momentum, recent
Topic 160 0.0058508 costs, cost, benefits, transaction, lower, reduce, benefit, two, vertical, however
Topic 152 0.0058454 party, parties, contributions, campaign, candidates, election, third, donations, ruling, committees
Topic 29 0.0058304 institutional, environment, internationalization, pressures, philanthropy, giving, findings, influence, support, context
Topic 151 0.0058179 innovation, innovative, technological, collaboration, capabilities, activities, collaborative, based, competitive, partnerships
Topic 50 0.0058087 issue, approaches, agenda, special, issues, approach, ecosystem, papers, landscape, actor
Topic 73 0.0057718 theory, democracy, ethics, theories, philosophy, arguments, division, normative, concepts, theorists
Topic 70 0.0057373 large, small, businesses, scale, many, number, size, relatively, part, larger
Topic 1 0.0057238 international, domestic, security, competition, national, politics, nations, intense, critical, internationally
Topic 27 0.0056982 china, chinese, chinas, hong, kong, western, since, major, examines, two
Topic 58 0.0056652 trade, export, wto, agreement, free, agreements, exports, world, import, bilateral
Topic 31 0.0055946 education, economics, university, comparative, journal, school, studies, universities, students, training
Topic 10 0.0055498 data, personal, privacy, collected, individuals, use, information, collection, big, different
Topic 80 0.0055395 ltd, elsevier, reserved, tourism, published, interviews, based, including, used, technical
Topic 16 0.0055281 emerging, ties, capability, economies, capabilities, managerial, effect, summary, contingent, findings
Topic 123 0.0055068 organizations, organization, form, organizational, forms, profit, nonprofit, hybrid, governmental, entities
Topic 148 0.0055030 employment, decline, sectors, job, size, time, wage, number, employed, intensity
Topic 34 0.0054671 management, systems, system, practice, fisheries, manage, problems, fishing, managing, effective
Topic 104 0.0054424 host, home, mnes, location, multinational, multinationals, distance, country, mne, subsidiaries
Topic 101 0.0054072 relations, labour, bargaining, industrial, unions, union, strike, collective, working, system
Topic 143 0.0053918 information, disclosure, transparency, reporting, reports, requirements, voluntary, mandatory, report, disclosures
Topic 125 0.0052758 welfare, equilibrium, liberalization, competition, model, tariff, domestic, two, policies, choose
Topic 182 0.0052086 reform, reforms, regime, neoliberal, mexico, mexican, led, pro, structural, since
Topic 165 0.0051851 factors, external, internal, manufacturing, taiwan, analysis, taiwanese, three, perspective, two
Topic 168 0.0051688 ethical, ethics, issues, students, learning, design, communication, courses, experience, training
Topic 45 0.0051633 legislation, act, legislative, congress, legislators, tobacco, passed, passage, recent, enacted
Topic 65 0.0051426 shocks, output, volatility, aggregate, cycle, correlation, account, dynamics, specific, rates
Topic 69 0.0051286 technologies, technology, use, solutions, information, systems, potential, technological, applications, system
Topic 154 0.0050806 change, climate, adaptation, future, impacts, responses, regime, systems, able, including
Topic 161 0.0050727 cultural, culture, practices, cultures, national, historical, heritage, socio, politics, ways
Topic 41 0.0050663 moral, ethics, codes, conduct, behaviour, ethical, morality, code, behavior, reasoning
Topic 111 0.0050561 past, decades, last, years, decade, paradigm, shift, professor, two, changed
Topic 110 0.0050435 environmental, environment, pollution, pressures, issues, environmentally, concerns, impacts, ecological, industrial
Topic 105 0.0050352 control, shareholders, shareholder, controlling, minority, takeover, proxy, investors, majority, use
Topic 43 0.0050342 rules, company, assets, insolvency, asset, case, creditors, proceedings, two, directive
Topic 153 0.0050063 urban, city, cities, local, rural, residents, infrastructure, village, spaces, districts
Topic 63 0.0049670 sustainable, practices, sustainability, environment, john, copyright, wiley, sons, ltd, erp
Topic 33 0.0049294 strategic, planning, case, integration, competitive, process, transformation, key, defence, based
Topic 92 0.0049188 community, communities, peace, within, activists, challenges, processes, vis, case, may
Topic 173 0.0048842 life, many, half, economists, career, century, time, one, lost, well
Topic 42 0.0048644 services, service, provision, goods, waste, delivery, providers, provide, solid, provided
Topic 133 0.0048192 access, connections, politically, connected, connection, obtain, likely, receive, bureaucrats, non
Topic 135 0.0047992 consumer, consumers, product, products, marketing, brand, manufacturers, sales, consumption, brands
Topic 14 0.0047882 companies, standards, standard, setting, company, block, follow, especially, purpose, many
Topic 62 0.0047719 cases, judicial, courts, court, judges, defense, civil, procedural, judiciary, federal
Topic 100 0.0047364 theory, failure, bankruptcy, creditors, reorganization, intervention, priority, explain, secured, absolute
Topic 131 0.0047300 developing, south, africa, african, east, sub, asian, asia, west, many
Topic 86 0.0047262 economy, economies, transition, shadow, system, conditions, shift, capitalism, driven, towards
Topic 159 0.0047147 entrepreneurs, start, ventures, venture, high, may, success, founders, experience, ups
Topic 90 0.0046868 democratic, presidential, opposition, president, office, democracy, election, elected, parliamentary, republican
Topic 57 0.0046328 long, term, debt, short, run, longer, bond, yield, yields, time
Topic 13 0.0045696 tax, taxation, income, taxes, revenue, taxpayers, revenues, system, consumption, alternative
Topic 107 0.0045675 knowledge, entrepreneurial, entrepreneurship, creation, activities, opportunities, potential, environment, nascent, entrepreneur
Topic 95 0.0045602 ownership, structure, concentration, privatisation, owners, privatised, structures, owner, efficiency, concentrated
Topic 170 0.0045493 tax, rates, taxes, avoidance, income, rate, jurisdictions, burden, incentives, shifting
Topic 87 0.0045463 markets, formal, informal, norms, exchange, use, social, create, contexts, favors
Topic 192 0.0045460 financial, crisis, finance, crises, distress, major, recent, current, following, response
Topic 97 0.0045344 smes, medium, small, enterprises, sized, support, assistance, sme, barriers, cluster
Topic 122 0.0045241 liability, duty, fiduciary, limited, tort, standard, courts, duties, entity, doctrine
Topic 126 0.0044984 banks, bank, credit, financing, lending, loans, loan, finance, liquidity, banking
Topic 49 0.0044851 technology, science, transfer, scientific, park, national, commercialization, scientists, major, existing
Topic 127 0.0044303 self, compliance, corporations, corporation, behavior, comply, privilege, effective, code, conduct
Topic 138 0.0044273 human, principles, respect, corporations, nations, guiding, violations, framework, responsibility, due
Topic 169 0.0044236 directors, board, independent, boards, outside, members, director, independence, composition, backgrounds
Topic 64 0.0043951 corporations, multinational, mncs, subsidiaries, corporation, mnc, subsidiary, operations, headquarters, activities
Topic 140 0.0043578 decisions, interests, normative, judgment, judgments, judge, interpretation, entity, evidence, individuals
Topic 174 0.0042778 risk, risks, taking, default, assessment, reduce, risky, mitigate, take, due
Topic 190 0.0042728 company, companys, schools, authors, one, executives, harvard, every, good, case
Topic 191 0.0042682 media, telecommunications, communications, communication, mass, mobile, television, commercial, content, audience
Topic 103 0.0042350 industrial, research, competitiveness, stage, stages, biotechnology, technological, advanced, catch, base
Topic 15 0.0042311 production, india, indian, popular, language, french, film, producers, english, shows
Topic 163 0.0042271 privatization, privatized, restructuring, privatizations, efficiency, mass, post, partial, period, following
Topic 53 0.0042064 competition, antitrust, conduct, monopoly, market, courts, analysis, competitive, approach, act
Topic 22 0.0042044 laws, protection, investor, leverage, better, stronger, protect, creditor, weak, origin
Topic 115 0.0041993 areas, processes, area, marine, instruments, current, activities, consultation, within, potential
Topic 54 0.0041785 legal, practice, nigeria, status, framework, systems, commercial, legally, best, form
Topic 91 0.0041380 work, lawyers, clients, working, practice, associates, within, one, lawyer, seek
Topic 112 0.0041114 contracts, supply, contract, chain, suppliers, procurement, contracting, customer, chains, supplier
Topic 120 0.0041033 corruption, officials, bureaucratic, anti, corrupt, stability, bureaucracy, levels, red, bureaucrats
Topic 166 0.0040903 news, press, coverage, spanish, media, spain, opinion, analysis, newspapers, framing
Topic 198 0.0040752 scenario, scenarios, usual, reduction, future, million, baseline, alternative, potential, emissions
Topic 99 0.0040667 citizens, free, amendment, speech, first, corporations, scrutiny, campaign, court, united
Topic 47 0.0040612 administrative, agencies, administration, police, powers, separation, northern, policing, agency, bureaucracy
Topic 17 0.0040402 claims, arbitration, disputes, agreements, provisions, parties, resolution, dispute, forum, courts
Topic 132 0.0040004 action, actions, collective, may, problems, individual, affirmative, ability, problem, capacity
Topic 37 0.0039980 criminal, crime, international, treaty, crimes, jurisdiction, law, obligations, whether, justice
Topic 4 0.0039975 emissions, subsidies, carbon, scheme, subsidy, emission, greenhouse, reductions, reduce, gas
Topic 109 0.0039808 cooperation, trust, nation, building, state, asia, diplomacy, relations, pacific, singapore
Topic 83 0.0039766 managers, managerial, earnings, top, senior, manager, middle, prior, likely, discretion
Topic 158 0.0039403 productivity, efficiency, indirect, input, intensive, spillovers, results, industries, spillover, technical
Topic 77 0.0038989 capital, venture, capitalist, formation, accumulation, mobility, finance, capitalists, conditions, dependence
Topic 150 0.0038687 women, gender, positions, representation, womens, female, men, male, may, equality
Topic 146 0.0038518 accounting, professional, expertise, professionals, profession, experts, consultants, practitioners, consulting, practice
Topic 149 0.0038157 electricity, generation, distribution, electric, utilities, utility, system, grid, competition, supply
Topic 180 0.0037793 project, british, ministry, finance, britain, funded, ministries, outcomes, outlines, status
Topic 72 0.0037540 regulations, price, prices, pricing, deregulation, regulated, quantity, due, increases, use
Topic 176 0.0037311 prime, minister, ministers, zealand, british, politics, first, two, become, became
Topic 93 0.0036845 online, internet, digital, users, platform, platforms, surveillance, intermediaries, user, content
Topic 84 0.0036739 pay, executive, compensation, executives, ceo, ceos, chief, less, top, officers
Topic 18 0.0036605 energy, efficiency, saving, use, consumption, policies, conservation, efficient, industrial, measures
Topic 141 0.0036329 country, joint, partners, alliances, partner, ventures, hazards, one, venture, mode
Topic 155 0.0035554 values, identity, freedom, religious, societies, identities, belief, beliefs, religion, individuals
Topic 32 0.0035467 workers, jobs, sex, worker, employment, hiring, wages, owners, workforce, recruitment
Topic 178 0.0035266 may, excessive, shifting, options, option, fee, payment, sum, contract, good
Topic 172 0.0035159 cross, border, target, acquisitions, mergers, acquisition, merger, deals, sectional, deal
Topic 40 0.0035107 enforcement, anti, bribery, foreign, enforce, practices, violations, sanctions, corrupt, act
Topic 6 0.0035022 power, nuclear, structural, expansion, plants, powers, progressive, support, ability, especially
Topic 11 0.0034928 elite, elites, interests, pluralism, democratization, analysis, among, dominated, democracy, position
Topic 118 0.0034881 revenue, municipal, municipalities, expenditures, local, revenues, fiscal, county, rates, results
Topic 12 0.0034879 property, patent, intellectual, patents, pharmaceutical, drug, system, drugs, software, time
Topic 51 0.0034601 funds, investors, fund, equity, pension, investment, mutual, portfolio, plan, plans
Topic 48 0.0034509 quality, audit, auditors, big, client, auditing, audits, fees, sarbanes, clients
Topic 130 0.0034451 events, players, game, sports, different, games, case, two, one, outcomes
Topic 193 0.0034134 litigation, class, securities, lawsuits, fraud, plaintiffs, suits, settlement, settlements, attorneys
Topic 171 0.0034033 oil, gas, petroleum, production, exploration, national, natural, producing, challenges, upstream
Topic 119 0.0033997 resources, resource, rich, natural, nationalism, dependency, context, exploitation, allocation, mobilization
Topic 189 0.0033619 employees, employee, employers, workplace, employer, employment, sexual, title, however, practice
Topic 116 0.0033580 adoption, commerce, electronic, software, transactions, framework, use, adopt, internet, traditional
Topic 147 0.0033438 conflict, conflicts, military, violence, violent, civil, armed, force, war, movement
Topic 113 0.0033391 labor, unions, child, organized, wage, skill, union, skilled, force, children
Topic 2 0.0033075 mining, resistance, extraction, gold, communities, local, case, boom, company, ghana
Topic 59 0.0032636 image, journalists, drawing, interviews, media, think, analysis, stories, politics, activities
Topic 186 0.0032297 banking, money, bank, monetary, central, fraud, reserve, banks, savings, problems
Topic 82 0.0032014 land, use, spatial, planning, industrial, expansion, area, tenure, landscape, forest
Topic 187 0.0031799 diversity, discrimination, immigration, ethnic, racial, race, civil, minority, case, inclusion
Topic 199 0.0031101 share, publicly, shares, traded, stocks, buy, non, unified, investors, back
Topic 28 0.0030488 black, north, white, southern, empowerment, class, south, americans, middle, facto
Topic 108 0.0030443 leaders, leadership, leader, responsible, well, success, top, shared, challenges, behavior
Topic 106 0.0030384 core, functions, affairs, outsourcing, two, competencies, set, support, practice, hand
Topic 89 0.0030200 demand, side, autonomy, supply, advertising, autonomous, segments, car, relatively, one
Topic 129 0.0029934 agency, trading, principal, insider, insiders, agent, problem, inside, information, mechanism
Topic 35 0.0029467 agricultural, farmers, farm, rural, agriculture, household, payments, farming, households, production
Topic 128 0.0029365 natural, disaster, recovery, resilience, vulnerability, response, capacity, harm, responses, capacities
Topic 39 0.0029097 seeking, capture, rent, constraints, rents, light, sheds, productive, extract, use
Topic 181 0.0027799 space, physical, travel, facilities, transportation, commercial, activities, may, approach, etc
Topic 96 0.0026958 family, diversification, families, members, children, controlled, non, one, tend, member
Topic 74 0.0026868 health, care, medical, pharmaceutical, system, interventions, providers, drug, affordable, treatment
Topic 144 0.0026586 indigenous, mineral, extractive, mining, industries, peoples, national, transparency, challenges, revenues
Topic 79 0.0026381 creative, creativity, innovation, open, design, different, spaces, understanding, wider, concept
Topic 114 0.0026239 arrangements, regimes, brazil, forest, brazilian, forests, interests, bureaucracies, analysis, regime
Topic 38 0.0025249 associations, housing, social, association, within, examines, england, organisations, now, central
Topic 23 0.0025166 energy, renewable, wind, fossil, fuel, capacity, fuels, support, policies, analysis
Topic 85 0.0025076 food, safety, trust, confidence, health, however, people, agriculture, consumers, population
Topic 117 0.0024503 threat, threats, intelligence, design, weaknesses, strengths, centers, system, posed, requirements
Topic 75 0.0024258 solar, deployment, energy, transition, support, technologies, models, fit, clean, barriers
Topic 25 0.0023342 forest, communities, certification, timber, forestry, non, activities, products, conservation, may
Topic 44 0.0022890 australian, australia, coal, australias, ban, mining, capacity, major, national, industry
Topic 124 0.0022874 real, construction, estate, developers, property, time, since, commercial, based, properties
Topic 142 0.0022445 canada, canadian, transport, air, chemical, provincial, pollution, burden, effective, plant
Topic 136 0.0021969 insurance, life, liabilities, industry, based, may, policies, coverage, policymakers, premium
Topic 177 0.0021595 sharing, copyright, licensing, license, works, licenses, regime, restrictions, existing, balance
Topic 26 0.0021519 green, innovations, drivers, product, innovation, process, barriers, customer, important, provides
Topic 61 0.0018895 water, case, company, use, proposition, dutch, supply, part, quality, resources
Topic 200 0.0013155 however, one, well, normally, many, case, may, rather, provide, among
# LDA visualization
toLDAvis(df_stm, docs)

# covariates
out$meta$field = as.factor(out$meta$field)
prep <- estimateEffect(1:i ~ field + s(months_since_first_pub),
                       df_stm,
                       meta = out$meta,
                       uncertainty = "Global")

result_reg <- tidy(prep) %>%
  mutate(p.value = round(p.value, digits = 3),
         term = str_remove(term, "field"))
  
# result_reg %>%
#   mutate(p.value = cell_spec(p.value, "html", color = ifelse(p.value <= 0.05, "blue", "red"))) %>%
#   kable(format = "html", escape = F) %>%
#   kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)

topic_field_matched <- result_reg %>%
  filter(!str_detect(term, pattern = "s[(]"),
         p.value < 0.1) %>%
  mutate(term = ifelse(term == "(Intercept)", "Business", term),
         term = ifelse(estimate < 0, "Unclear", term)) %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  mutate(max_estimate = max(estimate)) %>%
  ungroup() %>%
  filter(estimate == max_estimate) 

topic_field_matched %>%
  mutate(p.value = cell_spec(p.value, "html", color = ifelse(p.value <= 0.05, "blue", "red"))) %>%
  kable(format = "html", escape = F) %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic term estimate std.error statistic p.value max_estimate
1 Political Science 0.0035834 0.0005274 6.793983 0 0.0035834
2 Environmental Studies 0.0127466 0.0014285 8.923137 0 0.0127466
3 Business 0.0115338 0.0068769 1.677169 0.094 0.0115338
4 Environmental Studies 0.0145401 0.0016513 8.805094 0 0.0145401
5 Business 0.0085362 0.0050179 1.701154 0.089 0.0085362
6 Environmental Studies 0.0026872 0.0007732 3.475291 0.001 0.0026872
7 Law 0.0154507 0.0011015 14.026491 0 0.0154507
8 Economics 0.0160479 0.0016867 9.514282 0 0.0160479
9 Economics 0.0040703 0.0009152 4.447447 0 0.0040703
10 Law 0.0042523 0.0013093 3.247818 0.001 0.0042523
11 Political Science 0.0107119 0.0013216 8.104963 0 0.0107119
12 Law 0.0102138 0.0015141 6.745912 0 0.0102138
13 Economics 0.0108152 0.0015506 6.975023 0 0.0108152
14 Business 0.0035379 0.0017001 2.081025 0.037 0.0035379
15 Social Sciences 0.0070385 0.0011972 5.879286 0 0.0070385
16 Management 0.0055017 0.0025413 2.164964 0.03 0.0055017
17 Law 0.0188174 0.0020194 9.318420 0 0.0188174
18 Environmental Studies 0.0189411 0.0016576 11.427016 0 0.0189411
19 Unclear -0.0044415 0.0016799 -2.643870 0.008 -0.0044415
20 Economics 0.0049408 0.0012984 3.805393 0 0.0049408
21 Business 0.0130227 0.0050444 2.581621 0.01 0.0130227
22 Law 0.0029505 0.0008734 3.378210 0.001 0.0029505
23 Environmental Studies 0.0149099 0.0017994 8.285913 0 0.0149099
24 Environmental Studies 0.0031955 0.0006558 4.873016 0 0.0031955
25 Environmental Studies 0.0115125 0.0018900 6.091114 0 0.0115125
26 Management 0.0040492 0.0015727 2.574709 0.01 0.0040492
27 Unclear -0.0032264 0.0011268 -2.863250 0.004 -0.0032264
28 Social Sciences 0.0093828 0.0016042 5.848907 0 0.0093828
29 Unclear -0.0039224 0.0009242 -4.244237 0 -0.0039224
30 Business 0.0057233 0.0028764 1.989751 0.047 0.0057233
31 Economics 0.0055993 0.0011441 4.893947 0 0.0055993
32 Social Sciences 0.0058958 0.0014722 4.004610 0 0.0058958
33 Management 0.0053382 0.0019917 2.680147 0.007 0.0053382
34 Management 0.0051703 0.0013758 3.758086 0 0.0051703
35 Environmental Studies 0.0063238 0.0013692 4.618440 0 0.0063238
36 Business 0.0083209 0.0043324 1.920608 0.055 0.0083209
37 Law 0.0164355 0.0020805 7.899910 0 0.0164355
38 Environmental Studies 0.0080994 0.0014267 5.677028 0 0.0080994
39 Economics 0.0032267 0.0009802 3.291852 0.001 0.0032267
40 Law 0.0081352 0.0019877 4.092675 0 0.0081352
41 Business 0.0172325 0.0075674 2.277199 0.023 0.0172325
42 Environmental Studies 0.0036682 0.0010185 3.601681 0 0.0036682
43 Law 0.0103216 0.0017962 5.746188 0 0.0103216
44 Environmental Studies 0.0058774 0.0011968 4.910933 0 0.0058774
45 Law 0.0093588 0.0012315 7.599776 0 0.0093588
46 Business 0.0085626 0.0051496 1.662771 0.096 0.0085626
47 Law 0.0103935 0.0016278 6.384804 0 0.0103935
48 Unclear -0.0028221 0.0010247 -2.754027 0.006 -0.0028221
49 Management 0.0090146 0.0013364 6.745558 0 0.0090146
50 Environmental Studies 0.0028169 0.0010839 2.598710 0.009 0.0028169
51 Law 0.0030245 0.0015664 1.930832 0.054 0.0030245
52 Political Science 0.0192927 0.0015904 12.130676 0 0.0192927
53 Business 0.0233453 0.0118997 1.961842 0.05 0.0233453
54 Law 0.0073228 0.0010262 7.135921 0 0.0073228
55 Management 0.0070586 0.0015928 4.431525 0 0.0070586
56 Social Sciences 0.0025889 0.0009904 2.614059 0.009 0.0025889
57 Economics 0.0032444 0.0006323 5.131350 0 0.0032444
58 Economics 0.0068383 0.0010367 6.596222 0 0.0068383
59 Social Sciences 0.0176082 0.0019569 8.997939 0 0.0176082
60 Unclear -0.0045290 0.0017907 -2.529089 0.011 -0.0045290
61 Environmental Studies 0.0057376 0.0012970 4.423776 0 0.0057376
62 Law 0.0196148 0.0020044 9.785706 0 0.0196148
63 Environmental Studies 0.0069400 0.0016533 4.197646 0 0.0069400
64 Unclear -0.0033980 0.0013694 -2.481288 0.013 -0.0033980
65 Economics 0.0185288 0.0017350 10.679159 0 0.0185288
66 Business 0.0162398 0.0079554 2.041366 0.041 0.0162398
67 Business 0.0117287 0.0068092 1.722482 0.085 0.0117287
68 Business 0.0056007 0.0023374 2.396123 0.017 0.0056007
69 Management 0.0114000 0.0020942 5.443696 0 0.0114000
70 Economics 0.0009813 0.0004853 2.022064 0.043 0.0009813
71 Environmental Studies 0.0078057 0.0011801 6.614372 0 0.0078057
72 Economics 0.0041756 0.0006573 6.353089 0 0.0041756
73 Unclear -0.0050910 0.0023442 -2.171760 0.03 -0.0050910
74 Law 0.0041000 0.0012476 3.286279 0.001 0.0041000
75 Environmental Studies 0.0131056 0.0017515 7.482703 0 0.0131056
76 Unclear -0.0018770 0.0010681 -1.757427 0.079 -0.0018770
77 Unclear -0.0021428 0.0007992 -2.681038 0.007 -0.0021428
78 Law 0.0509125 0.0033065 15.397509 0 0.0509125
79 Management 0.0026026 0.0015058 1.728359 0.084 0.0026026
80 Environmental Studies 0.0178925 0.0018195 9.833630 0 0.0178925
81 Economics 0.0168129 0.0019529 8.609109 0 0.0168129
82 Environmental Studies 0.0165110 0.0017329 9.527946 0 0.0165110
83 Business 0.0093484 0.0051292 1.822588 0.068 0.0093484
84 Unclear -0.0039912 0.0009546 -4.180987 0 -0.0039912
85 Economics 0.0025209 0.0010782 2.337999 0.019 0.0025209
86 Business 0.0063994 0.0036197 1.767949 0.077 0.0063994
87 Unclear -0.0011937 0.0006923 -1.724267 0.085 -0.0011937
88 Social Sciences 0.0190127 0.0019159 9.923399 0 0.0190127
89 Social Sciences 0.0016429 0.0008204 2.002499 0.045 0.0016429
90 Political Science 0.0142206 0.0014399 9.875910 0 0.0142206
91 Law 0.0044014 0.0010726 4.103272 0 0.0044014
92 Social Sciences 0.0073361 0.0019370 3.787253 0 0.0073361
93 Social Sciences 0.0088109 0.0017581 5.011774 0 0.0088109
94 Political Science 0.0216102 0.0017891 12.078855 0 0.0216102
95 Economics 0.0031500 0.0010610 2.968814 0.003 0.0031500
96 Unclear -0.0032347 0.0010841 -2.983730 0.003 -0.0032347
97 Management 0.0044529 0.0025476 1.747871 0.081 0.0044529
98 Economics 0.0021517 0.0011377 1.891361 0.059 0.0021517
99 Law 0.0208200 0.0021253 9.796242 0 0.0208200
100 Business 0.0103014 0.0055738 1.848185 0.065 0.0103014
101 Business 0.0118405 0.0065038 1.820566 0.069 0.0118405
102 Law 0.0088537 0.0010020 8.836324 0 0.0088537
103 Management 0.0159755 0.0028297 5.645708 0 0.0159755
104 Management 0.0049848 0.0027845 1.790185 0.073 0.0049848
105 Unclear -0.0029033 0.0008530 -3.403686 0.001 -0.0029033
106 Political Science 0.0027123 0.0011150 2.432469 0.015 0.0027123
107 Business 0.0092218 0.0043642 2.113025 0.035 0.0092218
108 Unclear -0.0035296 0.0010052 -3.511381 0 -0.0035296
109 Political Science 0.0072631 0.0011531 6.298805 0 0.0072631
110 Environmental Studies 0.0104192 0.0015694 6.639097 0 0.0104192
111 Law 0.0067075 0.0012368 5.423297 0 0.0067075
112 Unclear -0.0021878 0.0010764 -2.032499 0.042 -0.0021878
113 Business 0.0122526 0.0062550 1.958856 0.05 0.0122526
114 Environmental Studies 0.0059030 0.0011109 5.313980 0 0.0059030
115 Environmental Studies 0.0099070 0.0013999 7.076790 0 0.0099070
116 Law 0.0057675 0.0016237 3.552135 0 0.0057675
117 Law 0.0031492 0.0013884 2.268227 0.023 0.0031492
118 Environmental Studies 0.0061820 0.0014047 4.401030 0 0.0061820
119 Environmental Studies 0.0025677 0.0008576 2.994089 0.003 0.0025677
120 Unclear -0.0041835 0.0013041 -3.208109 0.001 -0.0041835
121 Business 0.0119375 0.0044909 2.658177 0.008 0.0119375
122 Law 0.0244602 0.0025952 9.425102 0 0.0244602
123 Business 0.0087535 0.0041564 2.106050 0.035 0.0087535
124 Environmental Studies 0.0027216 0.0008929 3.048003 0.002 0.0027216
125 Economics 0.0167696 0.0014888 11.263479 0 0.0167696
126 Economics 0.0063669 0.0015917 4.000024 0 0.0063669
127 Law 0.0051457 0.0010497 4.901932 0 0.0051457
128 Environmental Studies 0.0049204 0.0011852 4.151504 0 0.0049204
129 Law 0.0056550 0.0016312 3.466817 0.001 0.0056550
130 Social Sciences 0.0065261 0.0016485 3.958857 0 0.0065261
131 Environmental Studies 0.0031381 0.0009194 3.412997 0.001 0.0031381
132 Law 0.0028911 0.0010519 2.748391 0.006 0.0028911
133 Unclear -0.0021527 0.0008716 -2.469681 0.014 -0.0021527
134 Economics 0.0090826 0.0008767 10.360251 0 0.0090826
135 Unclear -0.0023888 0.0011929 -2.002449 0.045 -0.0023888
136 Law 0.0036554 0.0013255 2.757800 0.006 0.0036554
137 Political Science 0.0060803 0.0009149 6.645824 0 0.0060803
138 Unclear -0.0020564 0.0011388 -1.805805 0.071 -0.0020564
139 Economics 0.0266800 0.0017597 15.161563 0 0.0266800
140 Law 0.0107149 0.0016964 6.316423 0 0.0107149
141 Unclear -0.0020878 0.0006726 -3.104212 0.002 -0.0020878
142 Environmental Studies 0.0036986 0.0010258 3.605700 0 0.0036986
143 Unclear -0.0031003 0.0010689 -2.900549 0.004 -0.0031003
144 Environmental Studies 0.0123211 0.0015179 8.117387 0 0.0123211
145 Law 0.0048392 0.0008380 5.774871 0 0.0048392
146 Unclear -0.0028148 0.0011421 -2.464716 0.014 -0.0028148
147 Political Science 0.0038262 0.0011141 3.434245 0.001 0.0038262
148 Economics 0.0070114 0.0013671 5.128853 0 0.0070114
149 Environmental Studies 0.0164622 0.0016910 9.735478 0 0.0164622
150 Social Sciences 0.0034749 0.0015783 2.201668 0.028 0.0034749
151 Management 0.0151551 0.0025568 5.927383 0 0.0151551
152 Political Science 0.0115660 0.0012604 9.176746 0 0.0115660
153 Environmental Studies 0.0175136 0.0015437 11.345106 0 0.0175136
154 Environmental Studies 0.0064024 0.0008928 7.171230 0 0.0064024
155 Law 0.0016927 0.0010205 1.658736 0.097 0.0016927
156 Unclear -0.0028905 0.0008404 -3.439348 0.001 -0.0028905
157 Business 0.0055177 0.0021924 2.516785 0.012 0.0055177
158 Economics 0.0077947 0.0013746 5.670435 0 0.0077947
159 Unclear -0.0064644 0.0012200 -5.298754 0 -0.0064644
160 Economics 0.0037978 0.0008381 4.531481 0 0.0037978
161 Social Sciences 0.0117043 0.0014229 8.225529 0 0.0117043
162 Environmental Studies 0.0048573 0.0006527 7.442012 0 0.0048573
163 Economics 0.0086697 0.0014501 5.978788 0 0.0086697
164 Political Science 0.0069750 0.0013622 5.120327 0 0.0069750
165 Management 0.0038232 0.0019736 1.937221 0.053 0.0038232
166 Social Sciences 0.0098518 0.0016747 5.882586 0 0.0098518
167 Political Science 0.0066236 0.0012746 5.196429 0 0.0066236
168 Business 0.0172323 0.0086543 1.991188 0.046 0.0172323
169 Unclear -0.0020621 0.0010638 -1.938500 0.053 -0.0020621
170 Economics 0.0090880 0.0017704 5.133194 0 0.0090880
171 Environmental Studies 0.0112289 0.0017739 6.329930 0 0.0112289
172 Unclear -0.0021092 0.0009202 -2.292222 0.022 -0.0021092
173 Social Sciences 0.0043254 0.0016248 2.662076 0.008 0.0043254
174 Unclear -0.0015724 0.0007858 -2.001164 0.045 -0.0015724
175 Social Sciences 0.0061154 0.0016842 3.630977 0 0.0061154
176 Political Science 0.0123363 0.0017067 7.228232 0 0.0123363
177 Law 0.0063485 0.0012045 5.270859 0 0.0063485
178 Law 0.0089944 0.0019948 4.508814 0 0.0089944
179 Environmental Studies 0.0040150 0.0005066 7.925893 0 0.0040150
180 Management 0.0034825 0.0014835 2.347575 0.019 0.0034825
181 Political Science 0.0038494 0.0011233 3.426954 0.001 0.0038494
182 Political Science 0.0077693 0.0011700 6.640255 0 0.0077693
183 Political Science 0.0021147 0.0006358 3.326065 0.001 0.0021147
184 Business 0.0048762 0.0024529 1.987948 0.047 0.0048762
185 Economics 0.0152059 0.0016372 9.287906 0 0.0152059
186 Economics 0.0048486 0.0011049 4.388180 0 0.0048486
187 Social Sciences 0.0065175 0.0016226 4.016822 0 0.0065175
188 Economics 0.0072539 0.0011020 6.582653 0 0.0072539
189 Law 0.0044038 0.0015480 2.844727 0.004 0.0044038
190 Business 0.0161313 0.0076763 2.101446 0.036 0.0161313
191 Social Sciences 0.0194816 0.0019990 9.745453 0 0.0194816
192 Unclear -0.0010677 0.0006076 -1.757285 0.079 -0.0010677
193 Law 0.0118523 0.0016174 7.327957 0 0.0118523
194 Law 0.0055157 0.0012510 4.409194 0 0.0055157
195 Management 0.0091439 0.0026132 3.499118 0 0.0091439
196 Social Sciences 0.0091693 0.0013543 6.770498 0 0.0091693
197 Economics 0.0059664 0.0010054 5.934254 0 0.0059664
198 Environmental Studies 0.0178397 0.0018155 9.826194 0 0.0178397
199 Economics 0.0027971 0.0008405 3.327939 0.001 0.0027971
200 Business 0.0005640 0.0000710 7.948307 0 0.0005640
topic_best_term <- result_reg %>%
  filter(!str_detect(term, pattern = "s[(]"),
         p.value < 0.1) %>%
  mutate(term = ifelse(term == "(Intercept)", "Business", term),
         term = ifelse(estimate < 0, "Unclear", term)) %>%
  group_by(topic) %>%
  mutate(max_estimate = max(estimate)) %>%
  ungroup() %>%
  filter(estimate == max_estimate)

topic_field_gamma <- gamma_terms %>%
  mutate(topic = as.factor(trimws(str_remove(topic, "Topic ")))) %>%
  left_join(topic_field_matched %>% select(topic, term) %>% mutate(topic = as.factor(topic)) %>% rename(field = term)) %>%
  select(topic, field, gamma, terms) 

topic_field_gamma %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic field gamma terms
185 Economics 0.0207084 find, effect, effects, evidence, using, results, higher, impact, data, increase
21 Business 0.0164096 research, literature, studies, analysis, based, empirical, theoretical, implications, field, future
188 Economics 0.0134932 model, models, analysis, using, variables, based, empirical, results, determinants, used
66 Business 0.0113411 survey, results, found, findings, perceived, support, perceptions, differences, attitudes, conducted
67 Business 0.0111642 first, review, second, discussion, recent, issues, concludes, discusses, three, third
194 Law 0.0098836 make, like, even, often, much, one, way, people, many, might
175 Social Sciences 0.0097984 american, century, war, history, early, world, america, post, late, politics
88 Social Sciences 0.0086541 discourse, citizenship, social, concept, contemporary, politics, forms, discourses, activism, neoliberal
137 Political Science 0.0085362 groups, interest, influence, activity, group, lobbying, interests, activities, lobby, advocacy
19 Unclear 0.0083908 justice, view, notion, argue, consensus, question, one, enterprise, argues, conception
164 Political Science 0.0081791 institutions, actors, different, neo, two, evolution, interests, institution, swedish, key
76 Unclear 0.0081676 society, stakeholders, civil, stakeholder, governmental, non, legitimacy, engagement, ngos, multi
139 Economics 0.0077626 fiscal, spending, cycle, budget, model, consumption, effects, real, expenditure, fluctuations
46 Business 0.0077305 countries, across, developed, less, differences, system, likely, systems, different, world
102 Law 0.0076671 state, states, united, federal, kingdom, national, federalism, particularly, including, sovereign
9 Economics 0.0076296 investment, foreign, direct, fdi, investments, investors, domestic, invest, attract, infrastructure
5 Business 0.0076229 performance, relationship, positive, relationships, impact, findings, results, profitability, improve, networking
184 Business 0.0076035 market, high, low, competitive, markets, levels, adjustment, degree, lead, less
8 Economics 0.0075546 rate, cycles, hypothesis, unemployment, cycle, period, time, exchange, macroeconomic, inflation
134 Economics 0.0073980 elsevier, reserved, inc, show, experience, results, published, impact, behavior, survival
179 Environmental Studies 0.0071974 governments, local, policies, central, authorities, capacity, balances, involvement, national, content
196 Social Sciences 0.0071394 social, network, networks, relationships, among, within, movements, structure, embedded, movement
98 Economics 0.0071145 value, stock, returns, negative, return, positive, results, significant, valuation, abnormal
24 Environmental Studies 0.0070890 private, sector, goals, agencies, sectors, partnerships, participation, commercial, extent, within
20 Economics 0.0070495 state, enterprises, owned, soes, enterprise, controlled, non, private, listed, privately
167 Political Science 0.0070401 european, europe, union, russian, western, russia, central, eastern, post, soviet
78 Law 0.0069827 court, courts, note, federal, constitutional, supreme, act, doctrine, clause, congress
94 Political Science 0.0068123 electoral, politicians, elections, election, voting, voters, vote, coalition, votes, representation
55 Management 0.0068087 projects, programs, implementation, program, evaluation, support, design, criteria, implemented, effectiveness
52 Political Science 0.0068047 politics, right, preferences, left, ideology, support, democracies, ideological, conservative, advanced
3 Business 0.0067819 csr, social, responsibility, responsible, socially, responsibilities, activities, initiatives, concept, practices
36 Business 0.0067385 industry, japanese, japan, german, korea, korean, steel, industrys, since, japans
121 Business 0.0067323 will, future, must, continue, many, help, need, whether, likely, current
157 Business 0.0067002 role, important, play, roles, played, plays, influences, dimension, selection, particularly
7 Law 0.0066747 law, rule, common, delaware, choice, incorporation, modern, transactions, matters, largely
195 Management 0.0066304 organizational, processes, context, team, micro, develop, learning, understanding, politics, within
81 Economics 0.0065986 profit, optimal, may, profits, efficiency, efficient, incentives, show, maximizing, maximize
183 Political Science 0.0064567 process, making, decision, makers, council, report, recommendations, system, commission, committee
60 Unclear 0.0064378 associated, related, uncertainty, positively, cash, negatively, flow, lower, higher, sample
197 Economics 0.0063404 growth, income, per, population, indicators, inequality, poor, aid, capita, distribution
30 Business 0.0063160 firm, level, entry, size, exit, characteristics, specific, barriers, literature, entrants
71 Environmental Studies 0.0062424 regional, national, level, regions, region, systems, system, coordination, inter, different
145 Law 0.0061874 regulatory, regulation, authority, accountability, regulators, regulate, private, regulated, regulator, oversight
156 Unclear 0.0061663 governance, mechanisms, implications, structures, good, effective, mechanism, may, type, effectiveness
162 Environmental Studies 0.0061238 development, industrial, zones, enterprise, initiatives, promotion, promote, programmes, established, activities
56 Social Sciences 0.0061132 global, globalization, world, transnational, national, increasingly, capitalism, challenges, argue, borders
68 Business 0.0058547 changes, strategy, industries, strategies, forces, response, develop, oriented, momentum, recent
160 Economics 0.0058508 costs, cost, benefits, transaction, lower, reduce, benefit, two, vertical, however
152 Political Science 0.0058454 party, parties, contributions, campaign, candidates, election, third, donations, ruling, committees
29 Unclear 0.0058304 institutional, environment, internationalization, pressures, philanthropy, giving, findings, influence, support, context
151 Management 0.0058179 innovation, innovative, technological, collaboration, capabilities, activities, collaborative, based, competitive, partnerships
50 Environmental Studies 0.0058087 issue, approaches, agenda, special, issues, approach, ecosystem, papers, landscape, actor
73 Unclear 0.0057718 theory, democracy, ethics, theories, philosophy, arguments, division, normative, concepts, theorists
70 Economics 0.0057373 large, small, businesses, scale, many, number, size, relatively, part, larger
1 Political Science 0.0057238 international, domestic, security, competition, national, politics, nations, intense, critical, internationally
27 Unclear 0.0056982 china, chinese, chinas, hong, kong, western, since, major, examines, two
58 Economics 0.0056652 trade, export, wto, agreement, free, agreements, exports, world, import, bilateral
31 Economics 0.0055946 education, economics, university, comparative, journal, school, studies, universities, students, training
10 Law 0.0055498 data, personal, privacy, collected, individuals, use, information, collection, big, different
80 Environmental Studies 0.0055395 ltd, elsevier, reserved, tourism, published, interviews, based, including, used, technical
16 Management 0.0055281 emerging, ties, capability, economies, capabilities, managerial, effect, summary, contingent, findings
123 Business 0.0055068 organizations, organization, form, organizational, forms, profit, nonprofit, hybrid, governmental, entities
148 Economics 0.0055030 employment, decline, sectors, job, size, time, wage, number, employed, intensity
34 Management 0.0054671 management, systems, system, practice, fisheries, manage, problems, fishing, managing, effective
104 Management 0.0054424 host, home, mnes, location, multinational, multinationals, distance, country, mne, subsidiaries
101 Business 0.0054072 relations, labour, bargaining, industrial, unions, union, strike, collective, working, system
143 Unclear 0.0053918 information, disclosure, transparency, reporting, reports, requirements, voluntary, mandatory, report, disclosures
125 Economics 0.0052758 welfare, equilibrium, liberalization, competition, model, tariff, domestic, two, policies, choose
182 Political Science 0.0052086 reform, reforms, regime, neoliberal, mexico, mexican, led, pro, structural, since
165 Management 0.0051851 factors, external, internal, manufacturing, taiwan, analysis, taiwanese, three, perspective, two
168 Business 0.0051688 ethical, ethics, issues, students, learning, design, communication, courses, experience, training
45 Law 0.0051633 legislation, act, legislative, congress, legislators, tobacco, passed, passage, recent, enacted
65 Economics 0.0051426 shocks, output, volatility, aggregate, cycle, correlation, account, dynamics, specific, rates
69 Management 0.0051286 technologies, technology, use, solutions, information, systems, potential, technological, applications, system
154 Environmental Studies 0.0050806 change, climate, adaptation, future, impacts, responses, regime, systems, able, including
161 Social Sciences 0.0050727 cultural, culture, practices, cultures, national, historical, heritage, socio, politics, ways
41 Business 0.0050663 moral, ethics, codes, conduct, behaviour, ethical, morality, code, behavior, reasoning
111 Law 0.0050561 past, decades, last, years, decade, paradigm, shift, professor, two, changed
110 Environmental Studies 0.0050435 environmental, environment, pollution, pressures, issues, environmentally, concerns, impacts, ecological, industrial
105 Unclear 0.0050352 control, shareholders, shareholder, controlling, minority, takeover, proxy, investors, majority, use
43 Law 0.0050342 rules, company, assets, insolvency, asset, case, creditors, proceedings, two, directive
153 Environmental Studies 0.0050063 urban, city, cities, local, rural, residents, infrastructure, village, spaces, districts
63 Environmental Studies 0.0049670 sustainable, practices, sustainability, environment, john, copyright, wiley, sons, ltd, erp
33 Management 0.0049294 strategic, planning, case, integration, competitive, process, transformation, key, defence, based
92 Social Sciences 0.0049188 community, communities, peace, within, activists, challenges, processes, vis, case, may
173 Social Sciences 0.0048842 life, many, half, economists, career, century, time, one, lost, well
42 Environmental Studies 0.0048644 services, service, provision, goods, waste, delivery, providers, provide, solid, provided
133 Unclear 0.0048192 access, connections, politically, connected, connection, obtain, likely, receive, bureaucrats, non
135 Unclear 0.0047992 consumer, consumers, product, products, marketing, brand, manufacturers, sales, consumption, brands
14 Business 0.0047882 companies, standards, standard, setting, company, block, follow, especially, purpose, many
62 Law 0.0047719 cases, judicial, courts, court, judges, defense, civil, procedural, judiciary, federal
100 Business 0.0047364 theory, failure, bankruptcy, creditors, reorganization, intervention, priority, explain, secured, absolute
131 Environmental Studies 0.0047300 developing, south, africa, african, east, sub, asian, asia, west, many
86 Business 0.0047262 economy, economies, transition, shadow, system, conditions, shift, capitalism, driven, towards
159 Unclear 0.0047147 entrepreneurs, start, ventures, venture, high, may, success, founders, experience, ups
90 Political Science 0.0046868 democratic, presidential, opposition, president, office, democracy, election, elected, parliamentary, republican
57 Economics 0.0046328 long, term, debt, short, run, longer, bond, yield, yields, time
13 Economics 0.0045696 tax, taxation, income, taxes, revenue, taxpayers, revenues, system, consumption, alternative
107 Business 0.0045675 knowledge, entrepreneurial, entrepreneurship, creation, activities, opportunities, potential, environment, nascent, entrepreneur
95 Economics 0.0045602 ownership, structure, concentration, privatisation, owners, privatised, structures, owner, efficiency, concentrated
170 Economics 0.0045493 tax, rates, taxes, avoidance, income, rate, jurisdictions, burden, incentives, shifting
87 Unclear 0.0045463 markets, formal, informal, norms, exchange, use, social, create, contexts, favors
192 Unclear 0.0045460 financial, crisis, finance, crises, distress, major, recent, current, following, response
97 Management 0.0045344 smes, medium, small, enterprises, sized, support, assistance, sme, barriers, cluster
122 Law 0.0045241 liability, duty, fiduciary, limited, tort, standard, courts, duties, entity, doctrine
126 Economics 0.0044984 banks, bank, credit, financing, lending, loans, loan, finance, liquidity, banking
49 Management 0.0044851 technology, science, transfer, scientific, park, national, commercialization, scientists, major, existing
127 Law 0.0044303 self, compliance, corporations, corporation, behavior, comply, privilege, effective, code, conduct
138 Unclear 0.0044273 human, principles, respect, corporations, nations, guiding, violations, framework, responsibility, due
169 Unclear 0.0044236 directors, board, independent, boards, outside, members, director, independence, composition, backgrounds
64 Unclear 0.0043951 corporations, multinational, mncs, subsidiaries, corporation, mnc, subsidiary, operations, headquarters, activities
140 Law 0.0043578 decisions, interests, normative, judgment, judgments, judge, interpretation, entity, evidence, individuals
174 Unclear 0.0042778 risk, risks, taking, default, assessment, reduce, risky, mitigate, take, due
190 Business 0.0042728 company, companys, schools, authors, one, executives, harvard, every, good, case
191 Social Sciences 0.0042682 media, telecommunications, communications, communication, mass, mobile, television, commercial, content, audience
103 Management 0.0042350 industrial, research, competitiveness, stage, stages, biotechnology, technological, advanced, catch, base
15 Social Sciences 0.0042311 production, india, indian, popular, language, french, film, producers, english, shows
163 Economics 0.0042271 privatization, privatized, restructuring, privatizations, efficiency, mass, post, partial, period, following
53 Business 0.0042064 competition, antitrust, conduct, monopoly, market, courts, analysis, competitive, approach, act
22 Law 0.0042044 laws, protection, investor, leverage, better, stronger, protect, creditor, weak, origin
115 Environmental Studies 0.0041993 areas, processes, area, marine, instruments, current, activities, consultation, within, potential
54 Law 0.0041785 legal, practice, nigeria, status, framework, systems, commercial, legally, best, form
91 Law 0.0041380 work, lawyers, clients, working, practice, associates, within, one, lawyer, seek
112 Unclear 0.0041114 contracts, supply, contract, chain, suppliers, procurement, contracting, customer, chains, supplier
120 Unclear 0.0041033 corruption, officials, bureaucratic, anti, corrupt, stability, bureaucracy, levels, red, bureaucrats
166 Social Sciences 0.0040903 news, press, coverage, spanish, media, spain, opinion, analysis, newspapers, framing
198 Environmental Studies 0.0040752 scenario, scenarios, usual, reduction, future, million, baseline, alternative, potential, emissions
99 Law 0.0040667 citizens, free, amendment, speech, first, corporations, scrutiny, campaign, court, united
47 Law 0.0040612 administrative, agencies, administration, police, powers, separation, northern, policing, agency, bureaucracy
17 Law 0.0040402 claims, arbitration, disputes, agreements, provisions, parties, resolution, dispute, forum, courts
132 Law 0.0040004 action, actions, collective, may, problems, individual, affirmative, ability, problem, capacity
37 Law 0.0039980 criminal, crime, international, treaty, crimes, jurisdiction, law, obligations, whether, justice
4 Environmental Studies 0.0039975 emissions, subsidies, carbon, scheme, subsidy, emission, greenhouse, reductions, reduce, gas
109 Political Science 0.0039808 cooperation, trust, nation, building, state, asia, diplomacy, relations, pacific, singapore
83 Business 0.0039766 managers, managerial, earnings, top, senior, manager, middle, prior, likely, discretion
158 Economics 0.0039403 productivity, efficiency, indirect, input, intensive, spillovers, results, industries, spillover, technical
77 Unclear 0.0038989 capital, venture, capitalist, formation, accumulation, mobility, finance, capitalists, conditions, dependence
150 Social Sciences 0.0038687 women, gender, positions, representation, womens, female, men, male, may, equality
146 Unclear 0.0038518 accounting, professional, expertise, professionals, profession, experts, consultants, practitioners, consulting, practice
149 Environmental Studies 0.0038157 electricity, generation, distribution, electric, utilities, utility, system, grid, competition, supply
180 Management 0.0037793 project, british, ministry, finance, britain, funded, ministries, outcomes, outlines, status
72 Economics 0.0037540 regulations, price, prices, pricing, deregulation, regulated, quantity, due, increases, use
176 Political Science 0.0037311 prime, minister, ministers, zealand, british, politics, first, two, become, became
93 Social Sciences 0.0036845 online, internet, digital, users, platform, platforms, surveillance, intermediaries, user, content
84 Unclear 0.0036739 pay, executive, compensation, executives, ceo, ceos, chief, less, top, officers
18 Environmental Studies 0.0036605 energy, efficiency, saving, use, consumption, policies, conservation, efficient, industrial, measures
141 Unclear 0.0036329 country, joint, partners, alliances, partner, ventures, hazards, one, venture, mode
155 Law 0.0035554 values, identity, freedom, religious, societies, identities, belief, beliefs, religion, individuals
32 Social Sciences 0.0035467 workers, jobs, sex, worker, employment, hiring, wages, owners, workforce, recruitment
178 Law 0.0035266 may, excessive, shifting, options, option, fee, payment, sum, contract, good
172 Unclear 0.0035159 cross, border, target, acquisitions, mergers, acquisition, merger, deals, sectional, deal
40 Law 0.0035107 enforcement, anti, bribery, foreign, enforce, practices, violations, sanctions, corrupt, act
6 Environmental Studies 0.0035022 power, nuclear, structural, expansion, plants, powers, progressive, support, ability, especially
11 Political Science 0.0034928 elite, elites, interests, pluralism, democratization, analysis, among, dominated, democracy, position
118 Environmental Studies 0.0034881 revenue, municipal, municipalities, expenditures, local, revenues, fiscal, county, rates, results
12 Law 0.0034879 property, patent, intellectual, patents, pharmaceutical, drug, system, drugs, software, time
51 Law 0.0034601 funds, investors, fund, equity, pension, investment, mutual, portfolio, plan, plans
48 Unclear 0.0034509 quality, audit, auditors, big, client, auditing, audits, fees, sarbanes, clients
130 Social Sciences 0.0034451 events, players, game, sports, different, games, case, two, one, outcomes
193 Law 0.0034134 litigation, class, securities, lawsuits, fraud, plaintiffs, suits, settlement, settlements, attorneys
171 Environmental Studies 0.0034033 oil, gas, petroleum, production, exploration, national, natural, producing, challenges, upstream
119 Environmental Studies 0.0033997 resources, resource, rich, natural, nationalism, dependency, context, exploitation, allocation, mobilization
189 Law 0.0033619 employees, employee, employers, workplace, employer, employment, sexual, title, however, practice
116 Law 0.0033580 adoption, commerce, electronic, software, transactions, framework, use, adopt, internet, traditional
147 Political Science 0.0033438 conflict, conflicts, military, violence, violent, civil, armed, force, war, movement
113 Business 0.0033391 labor, unions, child, organized, wage, skill, union, skilled, force, children
2 Environmental Studies 0.0033075 mining, resistance, extraction, gold, communities, local, case, boom, company, ghana
59 Social Sciences 0.0032636 image, journalists, drawing, interviews, media, think, analysis, stories, politics, activities
186 Economics 0.0032297 banking, money, bank, monetary, central, fraud, reserve, banks, savings, problems
82 Environmental Studies 0.0032014 land, use, spatial, planning, industrial, expansion, area, tenure, landscape, forest
187 Social Sciences 0.0031799 diversity, discrimination, immigration, ethnic, racial, race, civil, minority, case, inclusion
199 Economics 0.0031101 share, publicly, shares, traded, stocks, buy, non, unified, investors, back
28 Social Sciences 0.0030488 black, north, white, southern, empowerment, class, south, americans, middle, facto
108 Unclear 0.0030443 leaders, leadership, leader, responsible, well, success, top, shared, challenges, behavior
106 Political Science 0.0030384 core, functions, affairs, outsourcing, two, competencies, set, support, practice, hand
89 Social Sciences 0.0030200 demand, side, autonomy, supply, advertising, autonomous, segments, car, relatively, one
129 Law 0.0029934 agency, trading, principal, insider, insiders, agent, problem, inside, information, mechanism
35 Environmental Studies 0.0029467 agricultural, farmers, farm, rural, agriculture, household, payments, farming, households, production
128 Environmental Studies 0.0029365 natural, disaster, recovery, resilience, vulnerability, response, capacity, harm, responses, capacities
39 Economics 0.0029097 seeking, capture, rent, constraints, rents, light, sheds, productive, extract, use
181 Political Science 0.0027799 space, physical, travel, facilities, transportation, commercial, activities, may, approach, etc
96 Unclear 0.0026958 family, diversification, families, members, children, controlled, non, one, tend, member
74 Law 0.0026868 health, care, medical, pharmaceutical, system, interventions, providers, drug, affordable, treatment
144 Environmental Studies 0.0026586 indigenous, mineral, extractive, mining, industries, peoples, national, transparency, challenges, revenues
79 Management 0.0026381 creative, creativity, innovation, open, design, different, spaces, understanding, wider, concept
114 Environmental Studies 0.0026239 arrangements, regimes, brazil, forest, brazilian, forests, interests, bureaucracies, analysis, regime
38 Environmental Studies 0.0025249 associations, housing, social, association, within, examines, england, organisations, now, central
23 Environmental Studies 0.0025166 energy, renewable, wind, fossil, fuel, capacity, fuels, support, policies, analysis
85 Economics 0.0025076 food, safety, trust, confidence, health, however, people, agriculture, consumers, population
117 Law 0.0024503 threat, threats, intelligence, design, weaknesses, strengths, centers, system, posed, requirements
75 Environmental Studies 0.0024258 solar, deployment, energy, transition, support, technologies, models, fit, clean, barriers
25 Environmental Studies 0.0023342 forest, communities, certification, timber, forestry, non, activities, products, conservation, may
44 Environmental Studies 0.0022890 australian, australia, coal, australias, ban, mining, capacity, major, national, industry
124 Environmental Studies 0.0022874 real, construction, estate, developers, property, time, since, commercial, based, properties
142 Environmental Studies 0.0022445 canada, canadian, transport, air, chemical, provincial, pollution, burden, effective, plant
136 Law 0.0021969 insurance, life, liabilities, industry, based, may, policies, coverage, policymakers, premium
177 Law 0.0021595 sharing, copyright, licensing, license, works, licenses, regime, restrictions, existing, balance
26 Management 0.0021519 green, innovations, drivers, product, innovation, process, barriers, customer, important, provides
61 Environmental Studies 0.0018895 water, case, company, use, proposition, dutch, supply, part, quality, resources
200 Business 0.0013155 however, one, well, normally, many, case, may, rather, provide, among
a <- labelTopics(df_stm, topics = c(1:i))

topic_full_description <- tibble(Topic = a$topicnums,
       frex = as_tibble(a$frex) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull(),
       prob = as_tibble(a$prob) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull(),
       lift = as_tibble(a$lift) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull(),
       score = as_tibble(a$score) %>% unite(frex, V1:V7, sep = ", ") %>% pull())

topic_full_table <- topic_field_gamma %>%
  left_join(topic_full_description %>% janitor::clean_names() %>% mutate(topic = as.factor(topic))) %>%
  select(-terms)

topic_full_table %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)
topic field gamma frex prob lift score
185 Economics 0.0207084 find, effect, panel, effects, evidence, robust, affects find, effect, effects, evidence, using, results, higher discontinuity, panel, find, effect, matching, endogeneity, turnover discontinuity, find, effect, effects, evidence, higher, panel
21 Business 0.0164096 research, literature, studies, researchers, field, qualitative, academic research, literature, studies, analysis, based, empirical, theoretical journals, research, publications, researchers, topic, literature, avenues research, journals, literature, studies, researchers, academic, qualitative
188 Economics 0.0134932 model, variables, models, determinants, regression, method, test model, models, analysis, using, variables, based, empirical probit, variables, model, equation, models, determinants, econometric model, probit, models, variables, determinants, regression, test
66 Business 0.0113411 survey, perceived, perceptions, attitudes, respondents, satisfaction, conducted survey, results, found, findings, perceived, support, perceptions satisfaction, respondents, survey, attitudes, perceptions, perceived, perception satisfaction, survey, perceptions, attitudes, respondents, perceived, perception
67 Business 0.0111642 review, discussion, discusses, reviews, section, second, essay first, review, second, discussion, recent, issues, concludes books, review, reviews, discussion, brief, essay, discusses books, review, essay, section, discussion, reviews, discusses
194 Law 0.0098836 like, make, even, look, often, though, much make, like, even, often, much, one, way regular, like, went, make, get, look, numbers regular, like, make, even, often, people, numbers
175 Social Sciences 0.0097984 american, war, century, america, latin, history, late american, century, war, history, early, world, america cold, latin, nineteenth, america, war, american, revolution cold, war, american, century, history, latin, america
88 Social Sciences 0.0086541 citizenship, discourse, discourses, contemporary, sphere, activism, discursive discourse, citizenship, social, concept, contemporary, politics, forms citizenship, discourse, discourses, discursive, sphere, understandings, notions citizenship, discourse, discourses, discursive, neoliberal, activism, contemporary
137 Political Science 0.0085362 groups, interest, lobbying, group, activity, influence, lobby groups, interest, influence, activity, group, lobbying, interests lobbying, groups, interest, group, activity, advocacy, lobby lobbying, groups, interest, group, activity, influence, lobby
19 Unclear 0.0083908 justice, notion, consensus, conception, virtue, conceptions, view justice, view, notion, argue, consensus, question, one virtue, conceptions, conception, criticisms, consensus, notion, ends virtue, justice, conception, consensus, conceptions, notion, ideal
164 Political Science 0.0081791 institutions, neo, actors, swedish, institution, corporatist, sweden institutions, actors, different, neo, two, evolution, interests swedish, institutions, neo, corporatist, sweden, arenas, actors swedish, institutions, actors, neo, corporatist, sweden, institution
76 Unclear 0.0081676 stakeholders, society, stakeholder, ngos, civil, engagement, legitimacy society, stakeholders, civil, stakeholder, governmental, non, legitimacy ngo, ngos, stakeholders, stakeholder, society, nongovernmental, societal ngo, society, stakeholders, stakeholder, civil, ngos, legitimacy
139 Economics 0.0077626 spending, fiscal, budget, cycle, cyclical, fluctuations, expenditure fiscal, spending, cycle, budget, model, consumption, effects keynesian, spending, fiscal, cyclical, deficits, fluctuations, budget keynesian, fiscal, spending, cycle, shocks, fluctuations, cyclical
46 Business 0.0077305 countries, across, differences, developed, oecd, dividend, less countries, across, developed, less, differences, system, likely dividend, countries, oecd, ratios, openness, differ, varies countries, dividend, oecd, differences, across, developed, ratios
102 Law 0.0076671 states, united, state, federalism, federal, kingdom, sovereign state, states, united, federal, kingdom, national, federalism federalism, states, united, kingdom, state, federal, territory federalism, states, state, united, federal, kingdom, sovereign
9 Economics 0.0076296 foreign, investment, fdi, direct, investments, outward, invest investment, foreign, direct, fdi, investments, investors, domestic outward, fdi, foreign, investment, investments, invest, direct outward, foreign, investment, fdi, investments, direct, investors
5 Business 0.0076229 performance, relationship, positive, relationships, networking, profitability, indicate performance, relationship, positive, relationships, impact, findings, results networking, performance, relationship, moderating, profitability, relationships, moderates networking, performance, relationship, positive, relationships, moderating, profitability
184 Business 0.0076035 market, high, low, competitive, adjustment, margins, levels market, high, low, competitive, markets, levels, adjustment margins, market, low, high, adjustment, competitive, falling market, margins, high, low, competitive, markets, adjustment
8 Economics 0.0075546 cycles, rate, unemployment, hypothesis, inflation, macroeconomic, cycle rate, cycles, hypothesis, unemployment, cycle, period, time inflation, unemployment, rate, cycles, curve, currency, hypothesis inflation, rate, cycles, unemployment, cycle, hypothesis, macroeconomic
134 Economics 0.0073980 inc, reserved, elsevier, experience, italian, published, survival elsevier, reserved, inc, show, experience, results, published duration, inc, italian, reserved, elsevier, survival, crown duration, elsevier, reserved, inc, italian, experience, published
179 Environmental Studies 0.0071974 governments, local, policies, balances, authorities, central, involvement governments, local, policies, central, authorities, capacity, balances balances, governments, local, authorities, policies, central, subnational local, balances, governments, policies, authorities, central, capacity
196 Social Sciences 0.0071394 network, networks, social, relationships, migrants, movements, migration social, network, networks, relationships, among, within, movements migrants, networks, network, migration, social, emergent, movements migrants, social, networks, network, migration, movements, relationships
98 Economics 0.0071145 value, stock, returns, abnormal, return, valuation, negative value, stock, returns, negative, return, positive, results abnormal, value, announcement, stock, returns, valuation, reaction abnormal, value, stock, returns, valuation, listed, reaction
24 Environmental Studies 0.0070890 sector, private, goals, agencies, sectors, proven, partnerships private, sector, goals, agencies, sectors, partnerships, participation proven, sector, private, goals, agencies, sectors, expanding sector, private, proven, agencies, goals, sectors, partnerships
20 Economics 0.0070495 owned, soes, enterprises, state, controlled, soe, enterprise state, enterprises, owned, soes, enterprise, controlled, non soe, soes, owned, privately, enterprises, controlled, provincial soe, owned, soes, enterprises, state, controlled, enterprise
167 Political Science 0.0070401 european, europe, russian, russia, soviet, union, eastern european, europe, union, russian, western, russia, central accession, european, soviet, russian, europe, russia, eastern accession, european, europe, russian, union, russia, soviet
78 Law 0.0069827 note, clause, constitutional, supreme, court, comment, statutes court, courts, note, federal, constitutional, supreme, act clause, note, comment, statutes, circuit, constitutional, supreme clause, courts, court, supreme, constitutional, note, federal
94 Political Science 0.0068123 electoral, voters, vote, elections, politicians, votes, voting electoral, politicians, elections, election, voting, voters, vote votes, vote, voters, electoral, voter, voting, elections votes, electoral, elections, voting, voters, vote, election
55 Management 0.0068087 programs, program, projects, evaluation, implementation, criteria, pilot projects, programs, implementation, program, evaluation, support, design pilot, program, programs, evaluation, projects, implementation, criteria pilot, projects, programs, program, implementation, evaluation, criteria
52 Political Science 0.0068047 left, ideology, preferences, democracies, right, wing, ideological politics, right, preferences, left, ideology, support, democracies wing, ideology, democracies, left, preferences, conservative, ideological wing, left, right, ideology, preferences, democracies, politics
3 Business 0.0067819 csr, responsibility, responsible, social, responsibilities, socially, initiatives csr, social, responsibility, responsible, socially, responsibilities, activities csr, responsibility, responsible, responsibilities, socially, social, voluntarily csr, responsibility, social, responsible, responsibilities, socially, initiatives
36 Business 0.0067385 japanese, japan, industry, korea, steel, german, korean industry, japanese, japan, german, korea, korean, steel steel, japanese, korea, japan, japans, industry, korean steel, industry, japanese, japan, korea, korean, german
121 Business 0.0067323 will, continue, must, future, help, virtual, require will, future, must, continue, many, help, need virtual, will, continue, must, unless, hope, future virtual, will, future, must, continue, currently, help
157 Business 0.0067002 role, play, plays, played, roles, important, analysts role, important, play, roles, played, plays, influences analysts, role, plays, play, played, dimension, roles analysts, role, play, played, important, plays, roles
7 Law 0.0066747 law, rule, delaware, common, incorporation, matters, modern law, rule, common, delaware, choice, incorporation, modern delaware, law, rule, incorporation, common, jurisdictional, puts delaware, law, rule, common, incorporation, transactions, modern
195 Management 0.0066304 organizational, team, micro, cognitive, processes, macro, learning organizational, processes, context, team, micro, develop, learning team, cognitive, organizational, teams, negotiation, propositions, micro team, organizational, processes, cognitive, learning, teams, micro
81 Economics 0.0065986 optimal, profits, profit, maximizing, maximize, efficient, inefficient profit, optimal, may, profits, efficiency, efficient, incentives privatize, optimal, maximizing, profits, maximize, inefficient, maximization privatize, optimal, profit, profits, efficiency, maximizing, maximize
183 Political Science 0.0064567 making, process, decision, council, makers, advisory, recommendations process, making, decision, makers, council, report, recommendations advisory, making, decision, process, council, makers, recommendations advisory, decision, making, process, council, makers, committee
60 Unclear 0.0064378 uncertainty, cash, positively, associated, negatively, flow, holdings associated, related, uncertainty, positively, cash, negatively, flow holdings, cash, uncertainty, flow, negatively, positively, correlated holdings, uncertainty, cash, positively, negatively, flow, associated
197 Economics 0.0063404 growth, per, indicators, income, capita, inequality, population growth, income, per, population, indicators, inequality, poor capita, growth, per, indicators, inequality, incomes, indicator capita, growth, income, per, inequality, indicators, population
30 Business 0.0063160 firm, entry, level, exit, size, entrants, characteristics firm, level, entry, size, exit, characteristics, specific entrants, firm, entry, exit, size, level, determinant firm, entrants, entry, level, size, exit, barriers
71 Environmental Studies 0.0062424 regional, regions, region, national, coordination, level, inter regional, national, level, regions, region, systems, system decentralization, regional, regions, centralized, region, decentralized, coordination decentralization, regional, regions, region, national, level, coordination
145 Law 0.0061874 regulation, regulatory, regulators, authority, regulate, accountability, delegation regulatory, regulation, authority, accountability, regulators, regulate, private delegation, regulation, regulatory, regulators, regulate, regulator, authority regulatory, delegation, regulation, regulators, authority, accountability, regulator
156 Unclear 0.0061663 governance, mechanisms, structures, implications, mechanism, good, effectiveness governance, mechanisms, implications, structures, good, effective, mechanism findingsinsights, governance, questionissue, mechanisms, theoreticalacademic, practitionerpolicy, manuscript governance, findingsinsights, mechanisms, theoreticalacademic, practitionerpolicy, questionissue, manuscript
162 Environmental Studies 0.0061238 development, zones, promotion, industrial, programmes, linkages, upgrading development, industrial, zones, enterprise, initiatives, promotion, promote zones, development, zone, upgrading, developmental, promotion, programmes zones, development, industrial, upgrading, zone, programmes, linkages
56 Social Sciences 0.0061132 globalization, global, transnational, world, capitalism, borders, globalisation global, globalization, world, transnational, national, increasingly, capitalism debated, globalization, global, transnational, globalisation, borders, globally global, debated, globalization, transnational, capitalism, world, chains
68 Business 0.0058547 strategy, changes, industries, strategies, momentum, forces, response changes, strategy, industries, strategies, forces, response, develop momentum, strategy, changes, industries, strategies, forces, response momentum, strategy, industries, changes, strategies, forces, response
160 Economics 0.0058508 costs, cost, transaction, benefits, vertical, lower, reduce costs, cost, benefits, transaction, lower, reduce, benefit substitutes, costs, cost, transaction, benefits, complements, vertical costs, substitutes, cost, benefits, transaction, lower, vertical
152 Political Science 0.0058454 party, contributions, donations, candidates, parties, campaign, committees party, parties, contributions, campaign, candidates, election, third donations, party, contributions, partys, candidates, donors, campaign donations, party, parties, contributions, campaign, candidates, election
29 Unclear 0.0058304 institutional, internationalization, philanthropy, pressures, giving, environment, logics institutional, environment, internationalization, pressures, philanthropy, giving, findings philanthropy, institutional, internationalization, logics, charitable, pressures, giving philanthropy, institutional, internationalization, pressures, logics, environment, giving
151 Management 0.0058179 innovation, innovative, collaboration, technological, capabilities, collaborative, collaborations innovation, innovative, technological, collaboration, capabilities, activities, collaborative collaborations, innovation, collaboration, innovative, collaborative, technological, capabilities innovation, collaborations, technological, innovative, collaboration, capabilities, collaborative
50 Environmental Studies 0.0058087 agenda, approaches, issue, special, papers, biodiversity, ecosystem issue, approaches, agenda, special, issues, approach, ecosystem biodiversity, agenda, approaches, papers, special, issue, ecosystems biodiversity, approaches, agenda, issue, special, ecosystem, papers
73 Unclear 0.0057718 philosophy, democracy, division, theories, theorists, philosophical, arguments theory, democracy, ethics, theories, philosophy, arguments, division philosophical, philosophy, theorists, division, reflection, democracy, inquiry philosophical, ethics, philosophy, democracy, theory, division, theorists
70 Economics 0.0057373 large, businesses, scale, small, guaranteed, larger, guarantee large, small, businesses, scale, many, number, size guaranteed, large, scale, businesses, small, guarantee, survive small, guaranteed, large, businesses, scale, guarantee, size
1 Political Science 0.0057238 international, security, domestic, competition, intense, national, internationally international, domestic, security, competition, national, politics, nations dangerous, international, security, intense, domestic, internationally, competition international, dangerous, security, domestic, competition, national, politics
27 Unclear 0.0056982 chinas, chinese, hong, china, kong, western, shanghai china, chinese, chinas, hong, kong, western, since kong, hong, chinas, chinese, china, shanghai, road kong, chinese, china, chinas, hong, shanghai, western
58 Economics 0.0056652 trade, wto, export, exports, agreement, import, bilateral trade, export, wto, agreement, free, agreements, exports wto, trade, export, exports, import, exporting, imports wto, trade, export, exports, agreement, import, agreements
31 Economics 0.0055946 education, university, economics, journal, school, comparative, universities education, economics, university, comparative, journal, school, studies graduate, education, university, journal, economics, educational, school graduate, university, education, economics, school, universities, students
10 Law 0.0055498 data, privacy, personal, collected, collection, individuals, big data, personal, privacy, collected, individuals, use, information privacy, personal, collected, data, collect, collection, processing privacy, data, personal, collected, collection, individuals, information
80 Environmental Studies 0.0055395 ltd, elsevier, tourism, reserved, published, interviews, operators ltd, elsevier, reserved, tourism, published, interviews, based tourism, ltd, elsevier, reserved, operators, published, semi tourism, ltd, elsevier, reserved, published, interviews, operators
16 Management 0.0055281 ties, capability, emerging, summary, capabilities, moderated, contingent emerging, ties, capability, economies, capabilities, managerial, effect ties, capability, moderated, mediating, emerging, antecedents, affiliation ties, emerging, capability, capabilities, managerial, summary, moderated
123 Business 0.0055068 organizations, organization, nonprofit, forms, hybrid, form, profit organizations, organization, form, organizational, forms, profit, nonprofit nonprofit, organizations, organization, hybrid, mission, charitable, organizing nonprofit, organizations, organization, organizational, hybrid, profit, forms
148 Economics 0.0055030 decline, employment, job, wage, sectors, employed, establishments employment, decline, sectors, job, size, time, wage establishments, decline, employment, job, density, wage, wages establishments, employment, wage, decline, job, size, sectors
34 Management 0.0054671 management, fisheries, systems, manage, fishing, managing, practice management, systems, system, practice, fisheries, manage, problems fisheries, management, fishing, managing, manage, managed, staff management, fisheries, fishing, systems, manage, managing, practice
104 Management 0.0054424 host, mnes, home, location, mne, multinationals, distance host, home, mnes, location, multinational, multinationals, distance mnes, mne, host, home, multinationals, location, distance mne, mnes, host, home, location, multinational, subsidiaries
101 Business 0.0054072 labour, relations, bargaining, strike, unions, union, industrial relations, labour, bargaining, industrial, unions, union, strike strike, labour, relations, bargaining, unions, councils, organised strike, labour, relations, bargaining, unions, union, industrial
143 Unclear 0.0053918 disclosure, information, transparency, reporting, disclosures, reports, mandatory information, disclosure, transparency, reporting, reports, requirements, voluntary disclosures, disclosure, disclose, transparency, information, reporting, mandatory disclosures, information, disclosure, transparency, reporting, mandatory, reports
125 Economics 0.0052758 welfare, equilibrium, liberalization, tariff, tariffs, choose, differentiation welfare, equilibrium, liberalization, competition, model, tariff, domestic tariff, welfare, equilibrium, liberalization, tariffs, differentiation, differentiated tariff, welfare, equilibrium, liberalization, tariffs, competition, model
182 Political Science 0.0052086 reforms, reform, mexican, mexico, neoliberal, regime, neoliberalism reform, reforms, regime, neoliberal, mexico, mexican, led mexican, reforms, reform, mexico, neoliberalism, neoliberal, regime mexican, reform, reforms, neoliberal, mexico, regime, neoliberalism
165 Management 0.0051851 external, internal, taiwan, factors, taiwanese, manufacturing, influencing factors, external, internal, manufacturing, taiwan, analysis, taiwanese taiwanese, taiwan, external, internal, manufacturing, factors, analytic taiwanese, external, factors, manufacturing, internal, taiwan, influencing
168 Business 0.0051688 ethical, students, courses, ethics, learning, communication, unethical ethical, ethics, issues, students, learning, design, communication courses, ethical, unethical, teaching, students, student, learning courses, ethical, ethics, students, learning, communication, unethical
45 Law 0.0051633 legislation, legislative, tobacco, act, legislators, passage, passed legislation, act, legislative, congress, legislators, tobacco, passed tobacco, legislation, legislative, passage, passed, bills, legislators tobacco, legislation, legislative, act, congress, legislators, passed
65 Economics 0.0051426 volatility, shocks, correlation, output, aggregate, variance, cycle shocks, output, volatility, aggregate, cycle, correlation, account volatility, correlation, shocks, volatile, variance, output, aggregate volatility, shocks, output, correlation, cycle, aggregate, stochastic
69 Management 0.0051286 technologies, solutions, smart, applications, technology, tools, technological technologies, technology, use, solutions, information, systems, potential smart, technologies, solutions, applications, enabled, computer, spectrum smart, technologies, technology, solutions, information, technological, applications
154 Environmental Studies 0.0050806 change, climate, adaptation, responses, impacts, mitigation, shifts change, climate, adaptation, future, impacts, responses, regime climate, change, adaptation, adaptive, mitigation, transformative, mapping climate, change, adaptation, mitigation, impacts, adaptive, carbon
161 Social Sciences 0.0050727 culture, cultural, cultures, heritage, symbolic, struggles, art cultural, culture, practices, cultures, national, historical, heritage heritage, culture, cultural, cultures, symbolic, art, struggles heritage, cultural, culture, cultures, struggles, symbolic, colonial
41 Business 0.0050663 moral, codes, ethics, morality, behaviour, conduct, reasoning moral, ethics, codes, conduct, behaviour, ethical, morality morality, moral, codes, reasoning, ethics, behaviour, conduct morality, moral, ethics, codes, ethical, behaviour, conduct
111 Law 0.0050561 past, decades, last, decade, paradigm, professor, medicine past, decades, last, years, decade, paradigm, shift medicine, past, decades, decade, last, paradigm, witnessed medicine, past, decades, professor, decade, last, paradigm
110 Environmental Studies 0.0050435 environmental, pollution, environmentally, environment, pressures, polluting, ecological environmental, environment, pollution, pressures, issues, environmentally, concerns polluting, environmental, environmentally, pollution, degradation, damage, ecological environmental, polluting, pollution, environmentally, ecological, environment, degradation
105 Unclear 0.0050352 shareholders, control, shareholder, takeover, controlling, proxy, minority control, shareholders, shareholder, controlling, minority, takeover, proxy takeover, shareholder, shareholders, control, proxy, minority, primacy takeover, shareholders, control, shareholder, minority, controlling, proxy
43 Law 0.0050342 rules, insolvency, company, assets, proceedings, asset, creditors rules, company, assets, insolvency, asset, case, creditors insolvency, rules, proceedings, company, directive, assets, creditors insolvency, rules, company, assets, creditors, proceedings, asset
153 Environmental Studies 0.0050063 city, urban, cities, village, residents, districts, metropolitan urban, city, cities, local, rural, residents, infrastructure village, city, cities, urban, town, metropolitan, residents village, urban, city, cities, rural, local, metropolitan
63 Environmental Studies 0.0049670 sustainability, sustainable, practices, wiley, john, erp, sons sustainable, practices, sustainability, environment, john, copyright, wiley erp, wiley, sustainability, sons, sustainable, john, practices erp, sustainability, sustainable, wiley, sons, practices, john
33 Management 0.0049294 strategic, planning, defence, integration, transformation, organisational, competitive strategic, planning, case, integration, competitive, process, transformation defence, strategic, positioning, organisational, planning, units, guided defence, strategic, planning, organisational, transformation, integration, positioning
92 Social Sciences 0.0049188 community, peace, communities, activists, vis, ireland, mobilization community, communities, peace, within, activists, challenges, processes peace, community, communities, activists, ireland, territorial, vis peace, community, communities, activists, ireland, vis, mobilization
173 Social Sciences 0.0048842 half, economists, life, career, lost, century, distinguished life, many, half, economists, career, century, time distinguished, economists, half, career, lost, life, popularity distinguished, life, economists, career, half, century, lost
42 Environmental Studies 0.0048644 services, service, provision, waste, solid, delivery, goods services, service, provision, goods, waste, delivery, providers solid, services, service, waste, delivery, provision, providers solid, services, service, waste, provision, delivery, goods
133 Unclear 0.0048192 connections, connected, access, politically, connection, preferential, obtain access, connections, politically, connected, connection, obtain, likely preferential, connected, connections, politically, access, bureaucrats, connection preferential, connections, access, connected, politically, bureaucrats, connection
135 Unclear 0.0047992 consumer, consumers, brand, marketing, products, product, brands consumer, consumers, product, products, marketing, brand, manufacturers brand, brands, marketing, consumer, consumers, products, manufacturers brand, consumer, consumers, marketing, products, product, brands
14 Business 0.0047882 companies, standards, standard, block, setting, follow, company companies, standards, standard, setting, company, block, follow block, companies, standards, standard, follow, setting, negotiated companies, block, standards, standard, company, setting, follow
62 Law 0.0047719 judicial, cases, judges, defendants, defense, judiciary, court cases, judicial, courts, court, judges, defense, civil defendants, judges, cases, judicial, trial, judiciary, defense defendants, judicial, courts, court, cases, judges, defense
100 Business 0.0047364 bankruptcy, failure, theory, reorganization, creditors, secured, priority theory, failure, bankruptcy, creditors, reorganization, intervention, priority reorganization, bankruptcy, failure, theory, secured, absolute, creditors reorganization, theory, bankruptcy, failure, creditors, secured, absolute
131 Environmental Studies 0.0047300 developing, africa, south, sub, east, african, asian developing, south, africa, african, east, sub, asian saharan, africa, developing, sub, africas, south, african saharan, south, developing, africa, african, east, asian
86 Business 0.0047262 economy, economies, shadow, transition, capitalism, shift, socialism economy, economies, transition, shadow, system, conditions, shift shadow, economy, transition, economies, socialism, command, transitional shadow, economy, economies, transition, capitalism, socialism, transitional
159 Unclear 0.0047147 entrepreneurs, start, ventures, founders, venture, ups, entrepreneur entrepreneurs, start, ventures, venture, high, may, success founders, entrepreneurs, ups, start, ventures, entrepreneur, venture founders, entrepreneurs, venture, ventures, start, ups, entrepreneur
90 Political Science 0.0046868 presidential, democratic, president, opposition, presidents, republican, office democratic, presidential, opposition, president, office, democracy, election presidents, presidential, republican, president, opposition, democratic, parliamentary presidents, democratic, presidential, president, opposition, republican, parliamentary
57 Economics 0.0046328 long, term, debt, bond, short, run, longer long, term, debt, short, run, longer, bond bond, long, term, debt, short, run, bonds bond, term, long, debt, short, run, longer
13 Economics 0.0045696 taxation, tax, taxes, taxpayers, income, revenue, revenues tax, taxation, income, taxes, revenue, taxpayers, revenues taxpayers, taxation, taxes, tax, income, revenue, summarizes taxpayers, tax, taxation, taxes, income, revenue, revenues
107 Business 0.0045675 entrepreneurial, entrepreneurship, knowledge, creation, nascent, entrepreneur, promoting knowledge, entrepreneurial, entrepreneurship, creation, activities, opportunities, potential nascent, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial, knowledge, talent, creation, entrepreneur nascent, entrepreneurship, knowledge, entrepreneurial, creation, entrepreneur, talent
95 Economics 0.0045602 ownership, concentration, privatised, privatisation, owners, structure, owner ownership, structure, concentration, privatisation, owners, privatised, structures privatised, ownership, concentration, privatisation, owners, owner, transitional ownership, privatised, privatisation, concentration, owners, structure, owner
170 Economics 0.0045493 tax, avoidance, taxes, rates, jurisdictions, burden, rate tax, rates, taxes, avoidance, income, rate, jurisdictions avoidance, tax, taxes, rates, jurisdictions, offshore, burdens avoidance, tax, taxes, rates, income, rate, jurisdictions
87 Unclear 0.0045463 formal, informal, markets, norms, favors, exchange, norm markets, formal, informal, norms, exchange, use, social favors, formal, informal, norms, markets, norm, exchange favors, markets, informal, formal, norms, exchange, norm
192 Unclear 0.0045460 financial, crisis, distress, crises, finance, instability, systemic financial, crisis, finance, crises, distress, major, recent distress, financial, crisis, crises, instability, scandals, recession financial, distress, crisis, crises, finance, instability, scandals
97 Management 0.0045344 smes, medium, sized, sme, small, assistance, enterprises smes, medium, small, enterprises, sized, support, assistance sme, smes, sized, medium, assistance, cluster, owner sme, smes, medium, sized, small, enterprises, assistance
122 Law 0.0045241 liability, fiduciary, duty, tort, duties, entity, remedies liability, duty, fiduciary, limited, tort, standard, courts tort, liability, fiduciary, duty, duties, misconduct, remedies tort, liability, duty, fiduciary, courts, duties, doctrine
126 Economics 0.0044984 credit, lending, loans, banks, liquidity, financing, bank banks, bank, credit, financing, lending, loans, loan liquidity, lending, loans, credit, loan, borrowing, banks liquidity, banks, bank, credit, lending, loans, loan
49 Management 0.0044851 science, transfer, park, technology, scientific, commercialization, scientists technology, science, transfer, scientific, park, national, commercialization park, science, transfer, scientific, technology, commercialization, scientists park, technology, science, transfer, scientific, commercialization, scientists
127 Law 0.0044303 compliance, self, privilege, corporation, comply, corporations, code self, compliance, corporations, corporation, behavior, comply, privilege privilege, compliance, self, comply, corporation, investigations, selective privilege, compliance, self, corporations, corporation, comply, code
138 Unclear 0.0044273 human, principles, guiding, respect, violations, soft, sovereignty human, principles, respect, corporations, nations, guiding, violations guiding, human, principles, abuses, respect, violations, sovereignty human, guiding, principles, respect, violations, corporations, responsibility
169 Unclear 0.0044236 directors, board, boards, independent, backgrounds, director, outside directors, board, independent, boards, outside, members, director backgrounds, directors, board, boards, director, outside, independent directors, backgrounds, board, boards, independent, director, outside
64 Unclear 0.0043951 mncs, multinational, mnc, corporations, subsidiaries, subsidiary, headquarters corporations, multinational, mncs, subsidiaries, corporation, mnc, subsidiary mncs, mnc, multinational, headquarters, subsidiaries, subsidiary, corporations mnc, mncs, multinational, corporations, subsidiaries, subsidiary, headquarters
140 Law 0.0043578 decisions, judgments, judge, judgment, normative, entity, interpretation decisions, interests, normative, judgment, judgments, judge, interpretation judgments, decisions, judge, decisionmaking, questionable, judgment, entity judgments, decisions, judgment, judge, entity, normative, decisionmaking
174 Unclear 0.0042778 risk, risks, default, taking, risky, assessment, mitigate risk, risks, taking, default, assessment, reduce, risky default, risk, risks, taking, risky, mitigate, ranking default, risk, risks, taking, risky, assessment, mitigate
190 Business 0.0042728 companys, schools, harvard, company, every, school, say company, companys, schools, authors, one, executives, harvard harvard, companys, schools, say, every, talent, days harvard, schools, companys, company, school, executives, professor
191 Social Sciences 0.0042682 telecommunications, communications, media, television, mobile, mass, communication media, telecommunications, communications, communication, mass, mobile, television television, telecommunications, communications, mobile, media, audiences, publics television, media, telecommunications, communications, mobile, communication, mass
103 Management 0.0042350 competitiveness, biotechnology, stages, stage, catch, industrial, singapore industrial, research, competitiveness, stage, stages, biotechnology, technological biotechnology, catch, stages, competitiveness, centres, singapore, stage biotechnology, competitiveness, industrial, research, catch, stages, singapore
15 Social Sciences 0.0042311 india, indian, production, film, language, french, popular production, india, indian, popular, language, french, film film, indian, india, french, production, language, popular film, production, indian, india, language, french, popular
163 Economics 0.0042271 privatization, privatized, privatizations, restructuring, mass, partial, profitability privatization, privatized, restructuring, privatizations, efficiency, mass, post privatizations, privatization, privatized, restructuring, partial, wave, sold privatization, privatizations, privatized, restructuring, efficiency, mass, shares
53 Business 0.0042064 antitrust, competition, monopoly, conduct, competitors, unfair, harms competition, antitrust, conduct, monopoly, market, courts, analysis antitrust, harms, monopoly, monopolies, competition, unfair, competitors antitrust, competition, courts, monopoly, unfair, harms, doctrine
22 Law 0.0042044 protection, laws, investor, creditor, leverage, stronger, origin laws, protection, investor, leverage, better, stronger, protect creditor, investor, protection, laws, leverage, stringent, origin creditor, protection, laws, investor, leverage, stronger, protections
115 Environmental Studies 0.0041993 areas, marine, processes, area, consultation, instruments, coastal areas, processes, area, marine, instruments, current, activities marine, areas, consultation, coastal, processes, barrier, instruments marine, areas, processes, consultation, coastal, area, instruments
54 Law 0.0041785 legal, nigeria, practice, status, legally, best, entities legal, practice, nigeria, status, framework, systems, commercial nigeria, legal, legally, legality, preserving, status, practice legal, nigeria, practice, legally, status, commercial, legality
91 Law 0.0041380 work, lawyers, clients, associates, working, lawyer, hours work, lawyers, clients, working, practice, associates, within associates, work, lawyers, clients, lawyer, hours, working associates, work, lawyers, clients, lawyer, hours, working
112 Unclear 0.0041114 contracts, chain, suppliers, procurement, contract, contracting, supply contracts, supply, contract, chain, suppliers, procurement, contracting procurement, suppliers, chain, contracts, contracting, supplier, contract procurement, contracts, contract, supply, chain, suppliers, contracting
120 Unclear 0.0041033 corruption, officials, bureaucratic, corrupt, anti, red, bureaucracy corruption, officials, bureaucratic, anti, corrupt, stability, bureaucracy corruption, officials, red, corrupt, bureaucratic, anti, integrity corruption, officials, corrupt, anti, bureaucratic, red, bureaucrats
166 Social Sciences 0.0040903 press, news, spanish, newspapers, coverage, spain, newspaper news, press, coverage, spanish, media, spain, opinion newspapers, newspaper, press, news, spanish, spain, frames newspapers, news, press, coverage, spanish, media, newspaper
198 Environmental Studies 0.0040752 scenario, scenarios, usual, baseline, reduction, million, simulation scenario, scenarios, usual, reduction, future, million, baseline baseline, scenario, scenarios, usual, simulation, feasibility, million baseline, scenario, scenarios, usual, emissions, simulation, mitigation
99 Law 0.0040667 citizens, amendment, speech, free, scrutiny, campaign, supreme citizens, free, amendment, speech, first, corporations, scrutiny speech, amendment, citizens, scrutiny, free, fourth, fifth speech, amendment, citizens, free, campaign, court, scrutiny
47 Law 0.0040612 administrative, administration, police, agencies, policing, powers, separation administrative, agencies, administration, police, powers, separation, northern policing, administrative, police, administration, powers, separation, northern policing, administrative, police, agencies, administration, powers, separation
17 Law 0.0040402 arbitration, claims, disputes, forum, resolution, dispute, provisions claims, arbitration, disputes, agreements, provisions, parties, resolution arbitration, claims, clauses, disputes, resolution, forum, dispute arbitration, claims, disputes, dispute, agreements, resolution, courts
132 Law 0.0040004 action, collective, actions, affirmative, problems, unilateral, individual action, actions, collective, may, problems, individual, affirmative affirmative, action, collective, actions, unilateral, apparently, dilemma affirmative, action, collective, actions, unilateral, problems, may
37 Law 0.0039980 crime, criminal, crimes, treaty, jurisdiction, obligations, persons criminal, crime, international, treaty, crimes, jurisdiction, law crimes, crime, criminal, treaty, jurisdiction, persons, sanctions crimes, criminal, crime, treaty, jurisdiction, international, law
4 Environmental Studies 0.0039975 subsidies, emissions, subsidy, carbon, greenhouse, emission, scheme emissions, subsidies, carbon, scheme, subsidy, emission, greenhouse abatement, subsidies, greenhouse, subsidy, emissions, carbon, emission abatement, emissions, carbon, subsidies, emission, greenhouse, subsidy
109 Political Science 0.0039808 cooperation, nation, trust, diplomacy, asia, building, pacific cooperation, trust, nation, building, state, asia, diplomacy diplomacy, cooperation, nation, pacific, trust, singapore, asia diplomacy, cooperation, trust, nation, asia, pacific, singapore
83 Business 0.0039766 managers, earnings, managerial, senior, top, manager, middle managers, managerial, earnings, top, senior, manager, middle earnings, managers, managerial, manager, senior, top, discretionary earnings, managers, managerial, senior, top, manager, middle
158 Economics 0.0039403 productivity, spillovers, input, indirect, spillover, intensive, efficiency productivity, efficiency, indirect, input, intensive, spillovers, results spillovers, spillover, productivity, input, indirect, inefficiency, frontier spillovers, productivity, input, indirect, efficiency, spillover, intensive
77 Unclear 0.0038989 capital, capitalist, accumulation, venture, capitalists, mobility, formation capital, venture, capitalist, formation, accumulation, mobility, finance capitalists, capital, accumulation, capitalist, mobility, venture, formation capital, capitalists, venture, capitalist, accumulation, mobility, formation
150 Social Sciences 0.0038687 women, gender, womens, female, positions, men, representation women, gender, positions, representation, womens, female, men women, gender, female, womens, men, male, positions women, gender, female, womens, men, male, representation
146 Unclear 0.0038518 professional, accounting, professionals, profession, expertise, consultants, accountants accounting, professional, expertise, professionals, profession, experts, consultants accountants, professional, accounting, professionals, profession, consultants, consulting accountants, accounting, professional, profession, professionals, expertise, consultants
149 Environmental Studies 0.0038157 electricity, generation, electric, utilities, grid, distribution, utility electricity, generation, distribution, electric, utilities, utility, system grid, electricity, utilities, electric, generation, wholesale, transmission grid, electricity, generation, electric, utilities, utility, distribution
180 Management 0.0037793 project, british, ministry, ministries, britain, funded, finance project, british, ministry, finance, britain, funded, ministries ministries, project, british, ministry, britain, funded, outlines ministries, project, british, ministry, britain, finance, funded
72 Economics 0.0037540 price, regulations, prices, quantity, pricing, deregulation, regulated regulations, price, prices, pricing, deregulation, regulated, quantity quantity, price, prices, regulations, pricing, deregulation, regulated quantity, price, regulations, prices, pricing, deregulation, regulated
176 Political Science 0.0037311 minister, prime, ministers, zealand, dutch, ruling, became prime, minister, ministers, zealand, british, politics, first minister, prime, ministers, zealand, successes, moved, dutch minister, prime, ministers, zealand, british, ruling, dutch
93 Social Sciences 0.0036845 online, internet, surveillance, platform, platforms, users, digital online, internet, digital, users, platform, platforms, surveillance surveillance, online, platforms, platform, internet, users, intermediaries surveillance, internet, online, digital, platforms, platform, users
84 Unclear 0.0036739 compensation, pay, ceos, executives, ceo, executive, chief pay, executive, compensation, executives, ceo, ceos, chief ceos, compensation, ceo, pay, executives, executive, chief ceos, ceo, executive, compensation, executives, pay, chief
18 Environmental Studies 0.0036605 energy, saving, efficiency, conservation, consumption, efficient, clean energy, efficiency, saving, use, consumption, policies, conservation saving, energy, supplies, conservation, efficiency, clean, adjustments energy, saving, efficiency, conservation, consumption, clean, industrial
141 Unclear 0.0036329 joint, country, alliances, hazards, partner, partners, ventures country, joint, partners, alliances, partner, ventures, hazards hazards, joint, partner, alliances, country, partners, alliance hazards, country, joint, alliances, partners, partner, ventures
155 Law 0.0035554 identity, values, religious, societies, freedom, identities, religion values, identity, freedom, religious, societies, identities, belief religious, identity, values, societies, religion, freedom, identities religious, values, identity, freedom, societies, religion, identities
32 Social Sciences 0.0035467 workers, sex, jobs, worker, hiring, wages, recruitment workers, jobs, sex, worker, employment, hiring, wages sex, workers, worker, jobs, hiring, hire, recruitment sex, workers, worker, jobs, hiring, wages, employment
178 Law 0.0035266 excessive, fee, shifting, option, sum, options, payment may, excessive, shifting, options, option, fee, payment fee, sum, excessive, payment, option, shifting, options fee, excessive, shifting, option, payment, sum, contract
172 Unclear 0.0035159 border, cross, acquisitions, merger, mergers, target, acquisition cross, border, target, acquisitions, mergers, acquisition, merger merger, border, acquisitions, cross, sectional, mergers, acquisition merger, cross, border, mergers, acquisitions, acquisition, target
40 Law 0.0035107 enforcement, bribery, anti, enforce, sanctions, sec, convention enforcement, anti, bribery, foreign, enforce, practices, violations bribery, enforcement, enforce, anti, convention, deter, penalties bribery, enforcement, anti, foreign, enforce, corrupt, sec
6 Environmental Studies 0.0035022 nuclear, power, plants, structural, powers, progressive, expansion power, nuclear, structural, expansion, plants, powers, progressive nuclear, power, plants, progressive, devices, resolved, preferred nuclear, power, plants, powers, structural, expansion, fuel
11 Political Science 0.0034928 elites, elite, pluralism, democratization, dominated, cohesion, consolidation elite, elites, interests, pluralism, democratization, analysis, among pluralism, elites, elite, democratization, cohesion, maintained, dominated pluralism, elite, elites, democratization, interests, cohesion, democracy
118 Environmental Studies 0.0034881 municipal, municipalities, revenue, expenditures, county, revenues, census revenue, municipal, municipalities, expenditures, local, revenues, fiscal municipalities, municipal, census, county, expenditures, revenue, revenues municipalities, municipal, revenue, expenditures, county, fiscal, local
12 Law 0.0034879 patent, property, intellectual, patents, pharmaceutical, drug, drugs property, patent, intellectual, patents, pharmaceutical, drug, system patent, patents, intellectual, property, drugs, pharmaceutical, drug patent, property, intellectual, patents, pharmaceutical, drug, drugs
51 Law 0.0034601 funds, fund, pension, mutual, investors, portfolio, equity funds, investors, fund, equity, pension, investment, mutual pension, funds, fund, mutual, portfolio, passive, portfolios pension, funds, fund, investors, portfolio, equity, mutual
48 Unclear 0.0034509 audit, auditors, quality, auditing, sarbanes, client, audits quality, audit, auditors, big, client, auditing, audits audit, sarbanes, oxley, auditors, quality, auditing, audits audit, quality, auditors, client, auditing, sarbanes, oxley
130 Social Sciences 0.0034451 players, events, games, sports, game, match, event events, players, game, sports, different, games, case games, players, events, sports, game, match, trajectories games, events, players, game, sports, match, event
193 Law 0.0034134 litigation, lawsuits, securities, class, plaintiffs, suits, lawsuit litigation, class, securities, lawsuits, fraud, plaintiffs, suits lawsuit, lawsuits, litigation, suits, securities, class, attorneys lawsuit, litigation, class, securities, lawsuits, plaintiffs, suits
171 Environmental Studies 0.0034033 oil, gas, petroleum, exploration, producing, upstream, imports oil, gas, petroleum, production, exploration, national, natural oil, petroleum, gas, exploration, upstream, imports, producing oil, gas, petroleum, exploration, production, upstream, imports
119 Environmental Studies 0.0033997 resource, resources, nationalism, rich, dependency, natural, mobilization resources, resource, rich, natural, nationalism, dependency, context nationalism, resource, resources, dependency, rich, natural, mobilization nationalism, resource, resources, natural, rich, dependency, mobilization
189 Law 0.0033619 employee, employees, sexual, employer, workplace, employers, title employees, employee, employers, workplace, employer, employment, sexual sexual, employee, employees, employer, workplace, title, employers sexual, employees, employee, employers, workplace, employer, employment
116 Law 0.0033580 commerce, adoption, electronic, software, transactions, adopt, web adoption, commerce, electronic, software, transactions, framework, use electronic, commerce, adoption, software, web, transactions, threshold electronic, commerce, adoption, software, transactions, internet, web
147 Political Science 0.0033438 conflict, military, conflicts, violence, armed, violent, war conflict, conflicts, military, violence, violent, civil, armed armed, conflict, military, violence, conflicts, violent, wars armed, conflict, military, conflicts, violence, violent, war
113 Business 0.0033391 labor, child, unions, organized, skill, wage, skilled labor, unions, child, organized, wage, skill, union child, labor, skilled, skill, children, unions, organized labor, child, unions, wage, skill, union, children
2 Environmental Studies 0.0033075 mining, gold, resistance, extraction, boom, ghana, mines mining, resistance, extraction, gold, communities, local, case gold, mining, ghana, mines, resistance, boom, extraction gold, mining, extraction, resistance, ghana, communities, boom
59 Social Sciences 0.0032636 image, journalists, think, stories, drawing, interviews, texts image, journalists, drawing, interviews, media, think, analysis journalists, image, stories, texts, voices, think, visions journalists, image, media, stories, think, interviews, texts
186 Economics 0.0032297 money, banking, monetary, reserve, bank, fraud, savings banking, money, bank, monetary, central, fraud, reserve reserve, money, banking, supervision, monetary, savings, fraud reserve, banking, money, bank, monetary, fraud, banks
82 Environmental Studies 0.0032014 land, spatial, planning, tenure, use, landscape, expansion land, use, spatial, planning, industrial, expansion, area land, spatial, tenure, landscapes, landscape, sites, planning land, spatial, forest, planning, tenure, urban, agricultural
187 Social Sciences 0.0031799 diversity, immigration, discrimination, racial, ethnic, race, minority diversity, discrimination, immigration, ethnic, racial, race, civil racial, immigration, diversity, ethnic, discrimination, race, inclusion racial, diversity, discrimination, immigration, ethnic, race, minority
199 Economics 0.0031101 share, stocks, traded, shares, publicly, buy, unified share, publicly, shares, traded, stocks, buy, non stocks, share, traded, buy, shares, publicly, unified stocks, share, shares, publicly, traded, buy, unified
28 Social Sciences 0.0030488 black, white, southern, north, empowerment, americans, facto black, north, white, southern, empowerment, class, south black, white, southern, empowerment, facto, americans, north black, white, southern, north, empowerment, class, south
108 Unclear 0.0030443 leaders, leadership, leader, responsible, shared, top, influential leaders, leadership, leader, responsible, well, success, top leadership, leaders, leader, recruitment, comparisons, shared, talent leadership, leaders, leader, responsible, discursive, personal, recruitment
106 Political Science 0.0030384 core, affairs, outsourcing, functions, competencies, tasks, priorities core, functions, affairs, outsourcing, two, competencies, set outsourcing, affairs, core, functions, competencies, tasks, priorities outsourcing, core, functions, affairs, competencies, tasks, priorities
89 Social Sciences 0.0030200 side, demand, advertising, autonomy, autonomous, supply, segments demand, side, autonomy, supply, advertising, autonomous, segments advertising, side, demand, autonomy, autonomous, car, segments advertising, demand, side, autonomy, supply, autonomous, segments
129 Law 0.0029934 agency, insider, trading, insiders, principal, agent, inside agency, trading, principal, insider, insiders, agent, problem insider, insiders, agency, trading, principal, agent, inside insider, agency, trading, insiders, principal, agent, inside
35 Environmental Studies 0.0029467 farm, farmers, agricultural, farming, agriculture, household, rural agricultural, farmers, farm, rural, agriculture, household, payments farm, farmers, farming, agricultural, household, agriculture, payments farm, farmers, agricultural, rural, agriculture, farming, household
128 Environmental Studies 0.0029365 disaster, resilience, natural, recovery, vulnerability, harm, capacities natural, disaster, recovery, resilience, vulnerability, response, capacity disaster, resilience, vulnerability, recovery, natural, capacities, harm disaster, natural, resilience, recovery, vulnerability, capacities, harm
39 Economics 0.0029097 seeking, rent, capture, rents, sheds, constraints, extract seeking, capture, rent, constraints, rents, light, sheds rent, seeking, capture, rents, sheds, extract, asymmetric rent, seeking, capture, rents, constraints, sheds, extract
181 Political Science 0.0027799 space, travel, physical, facilities, transportation, etc, advice space, physical, travel, facilities, transportation, commercial, activities travel, space, physical, facilities, transportation, etc, advice travel, space, physical, facilities, transportation, advice, etc
96 Unclear 0.0026958 family, diversification, families, children, members, controlled, member family, diversification, families, members, children, controlled, non family, families, diversification, children, segment, members, diversified family, diversification, families, children, members, controlled, member
74 Law 0.0026868 health, medical, care, pharmaceutical, affordable, drug, providers health, care, medical, pharmaceutical, system, interventions, providers medical, health, care, pharmaceutical, affordable, drugs, drug medical, health, care, pharmaceutical, drug, drugs, affordable
144 Environmental Studies 0.0026586 indigenous, mineral, extractive, peoples, mining, initiative, revenues indigenous, mineral, extractive, mining, industries, peoples, national mineral, indigenous, extractive, peoples, cumulative, mining, rare mineral, indigenous, mining, extractive, transparency, peoples, industries
79 Management 0.0026381 creative, creativity, spaces, open, thinking, triple, wider creative, creativity, innovation, open, design, different, spaces creativity, creative, triple, spaces, configurations, holistic, wales creativity, creative, innovation, spaces, triple, design, open
114 Environmental Studies 0.0026239 brazil, arrangements, forests, brazilian, regimes, forest, bureaucracies arrangements, regimes, brazil, forest, brazilian, forests, interests forests, brazil, brazilian, arrangements, bureaucracies, regimes, forest forests, forest, arrangements, brazil, brazilian, regimes, bureaucracies
38 Environmental Studies 0.0025249 associations, housing, association, england, wales, affordable, organisations associations, housing, social, association, within, examines, england housing, associations, wales, affordable, england, association, live housing, associations, association, social, england, income, affordable
23 Environmental Studies 0.0025166 renewable, wind, fossil, energy, fuel, fuels, acceptance energy, renewable, wind, fossil, fuel, capacity, fuels wind, renewable, fossil, fuels, fuel, energy, transitions wind, renewable, energy, fossil, fuel, fuels, carbon
85 Economics 0.0025076 food, safety, confidence, trust, agriculture, processing, slow food, safety, trust, confidence, health, however, people food, safety, confidence, trust, processing, slow, agriculture food, safety, trust, confidence, health, agriculture, consumers
117 Law 0.0024503 threats, intelligence, threat, weaknesses, strengths, design, centers threat, threats, intelligence, design, weaknesses, strengths, centers intelligence, threats, threat, weaknesses, strengths, centers, posed intelligence, threat, threats, weaknesses, strengths, centers, design
75 Environmental Studies 0.0024258 solar, deployment, fit, clean, transition, technologies, distributed solar, deployment, energy, transition, support, technologies, models solar, deployment, finland, clean, window, fit, transitions solar, energy, deployment, technologies, clean, transition, models
25 Environmental Studies 0.0023342 certification, forest, timber, forestry, communities, conservation, ecosystem forest, communities, certification, timber, forestry, non, activities timber, certification, forestry, forest, species, communities, conservation timber, forest, communities, certification, forestry, conservation, ecosystem
44 Environmental Studies 0.0022890 australian, coal, australia, australias, ban, residents, nexus australian, australia, coal, australias, ban, mining, capacity coal, australian, australia, australias, ban, mines, nexus coal, australian, australia, australias, mining, ban, mines
124 Environmental Studies 0.0022874 construction, estate, real, developers, properties, bid, push real, construction, estate, developers, property, time, since estate, construction, real, developers, properties, push, timely estate, real, construction, developers, property, bid, properties
142 Environmental Studies 0.0022445 canadian, canada, air, transport, chemical, provincial, burden canada, canadian, transport, air, chemical, provincial, pollution air, canadian, canada, chemical, transport, provincial, plant air, canadian, canada, transport, chemical, pollution, provincial
136 Law 0.0021969 insurance, liabilities, life, premium, coverage, losses, policymakers insurance, life, liabilities, industry, based, may, policies insurance, liabilities, premium, thousands, breach, compromise, prone insurance, liabilities, liability, coverage, life, premium, industry
177 Law 0.0021595 licensing, sharing, license, copyright, licenses, works, occupational sharing, copyright, licensing, license, works, licenses, regime licensing, license, licenses, sharing, copyright, works, holders licensing, sharing, copyright, license, licenses, works, occupational
26 Management 0.0021519 green, drivers, innovations, product, customer, barriers, win green, innovations, drivers, product, innovation, process, barriers green, drivers, innovations, win, impetus, incremental, feedback green, innovations, drivers, innovation, product, customer, products
61 Environmental Studies 0.0018895 water, proposition, dutch, domain, argentina, chile, integrated water, case, company, use, proposition, dutch, supply water, argentina, chile, proposition, dutch, unintended, appointed water, argentina, dutch, chile, quality, supply, fees
200 Business 0.0013155 normally, one, however, rather, well, many, provide however, one, well, normally, many, case, may normally, attempts, attempt, one, however, rather, result normally, one, however, case, many, rather, attempts
short_docs <- meta %>%
    as_tibble() %>%
    select(abstract) %>%
    mutate(abstract = str_sub(abstract, 1, 800))

topic_thoughts <- findThoughts(df_stm, topic = c(1:i), texts = short_docs$abstract, n = 1)

topic_top_docs <- as_tibble(topic_thoughts$index) %>%
  janitor::clean_names() %>%
  pivot_longer(everything()) %>%
  left_join(short_docs %>% mutate(value = row_number())) %>%
  rename(topic = name, doc_index = value, short_abstract = abstract) %>%
  mutate(topic = str_remove(topic, "topic_")) 

table_final <- topic_full_table %>%
  left_join(topic_top_docs) %>%
  kable() %>%
  kable_classic("striped", full_width = F)

# network
net <- topicCorr(df_stm, cutoff = 0.05)
net <- net$posadj
net <- network::network(net, directed = F)
net %v% "term" = as.character(topic_best_term$term)
net %v% "topic" = as.character(topic_best_term$topic)

y = RColorBrewer::brewer.pal(9, "Set3")
names(y) = levels(as.factor(topic_best_term$term))

ggnet2(net, color = "term", palette = y, alpha = 0.75,
       size = 4, edge.alpha = 0.5,node.label = "topic",
       node.size = 5) +
  labs(title = "Topic Correlations",
       subtitle = "Nodes indicate topics, edges indicate correlation between topics")

#rm(net, topic_best_term)

# plot(prep, "months_since_first_pub",
#      method = "continuous", topics = c(,),
#      model = z, printlegend = F,
#      xaxt = "n", xlab = "Time (1991-2020)")
# monthseq <- seq(from = as.Date("1990-01-01"),
#                 to = as.Date("2021-12-31"), by = "month")
# monthnames <- months(monthseq)
# axis(1,at = as.numeric(monthseq) - min(as.numeric(monthseq)))
#